如何使用NameValuePair使用POST添加参数到HttpURLConnection

我试图用HttpURLConnection做帖子(我需要这样使用它，不能使用HttpPost)，我想添加参数到该连接，如

post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvp));

在哪里

nvp = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

有一些数据存储在。我找不到一种方法如何将这个ArrayList添加到我的HttpURLConnection，这是在这里:

HttpsURLConnection https = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
https.setHostnameVerifier(DO_NOT_VERIFY);
http = https;
http.setRequestMethod("POST");
http.setDoInput(true);
http.setDoOutput(true);

这种尴尬的https和http组合的原因是需要不验证证书。不过，这不是问题，它可以很好地发布服务器。但我需要它来张贴论点。

什么好主意吗?

重复的免责声明:

早在2012年，我还不知道参数是如何插入到HTTP POST请求中的。我一直坚持使用NameValuePair，因为它是在教程中。这个问题可能看起来像一个重复的问题，然而，我2012年的自己读到了其他< a href = " https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4205980/java-sending-http-parameters-via-post-method-easily " > < / >问题，它是不，使用NameValuePair。事实上，这并没有解决我的问题。

482895 次浏览
小开

一个解决方案是让你自己的params字符串。

这是我在我的最新项目中使用的实际方法。你需要将args从hashtable更改为namevaluepair:

private static String getPostParamString(Hashtable<String, String> params) {
if(params.size() == 0)
return "";


StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
Enumeration<String> keys = params.keys();
while(keys.hasMoreElements()) {
buf.append(buf.length() == 0 ? "" : "&");
String key = keys.nextElement();
buf.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
}
return buf.toString();
}

发布参数:

OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
writer.write(getPostParamString(req.getPostParams()));
小开

我使用的方法是这样的:

SchemeRegistry sR = new SchemeRegistry();
sR.register(new Scheme("https", SSLSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 443));


HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
SingleClientConnManager mgr = new SingleClientConnManager(params, sR);


HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(mgr, params);


HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));


HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
小开

通过使用org.apache.http.client.HttpClient，你也可以用下面更容易读懂的方式轻松做到这一点。

HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://www.yoursite.com/script.php");

在try catch内可以插入

// Add your data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(2);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "12345"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("stringdata", "AndDev is Cool!"));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));


// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
小开

试试这个:

HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("your url");
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(3);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user_name", "Name"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pass","Password" ));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user_email","email" ));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));


// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);


String ret = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
Log.v("Util response", ret);

你可以根据需要添加任意数量的nameValuePairs。别忘了在名单上提到人数。

小开

我想我找到了你需要的东西。它可能会帮助其他人。

你可以使用UrlEncodedFormEntity.writeTo (OutputStream)方法。

UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvp);
http.connect();


OutputStream output = null;
try {
output = http.getOutputStream();
formEntity.writeTo(output);
} finally {
if (output != null) try { output.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) {}
}
小开
最佳答案

您可以获取连接的输出流，并将参数查询字符串写入其中。

URL url = new URL("http://yoururl.com");
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);


List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("firstParam", paramValue1));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("secondParam", paramValue2));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("thirdParam", paramValue3));


OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(getQuery(params));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();


conn.connect();

.．.

private String getQuery(List<NameValuePair> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
boolean first = true;


for (NameValuePair pair : params)
{
if (first)
first = false;
else
result.append("&");


result.append(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getName(), "UTF-8"));
result.append("=");
result.append(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
}


return result.toString();
}
小开

接受的回答在以下位置抛出ProtocolException:

OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();

因为它没有为URLConnection对象启用输出。解决方案应该包括:

conn.setDoOutput(true);

让它起作用。

小开

如果你不需要ArrayList<NameValuePair>作为参数，这是一个更短的解决方案，使用Uri.Builder类构建查询字符串:

URL url = new URL("http://yoururl.com");
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);


Uri.Builder builder = new Uri.Builder()
.appendQueryParameter("firstParam", paramValue1)
.appendQueryParameter("secondParam", paramValue2)
.appendQueryParameter("thirdParam", paramValue3);
String query = builder.build().getEncodedQuery();


OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(query);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();


conn.connect();
小开

因为NameValuePair已弃用。想过分享我的代码

public String  performPostCall(String requestURL,
HashMap<String, String> postDataParams) {


URL url;
String response = "";
try {
url = new URL(requestURL);


HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(15000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);




OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(getPostDataString(postDataParams));


writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();
int responseCode=conn.getResponseCode();


if (responseCode == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
String line;
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
while ((line=br.readLine()) != null) {
response+=line;
}
}
else {
response="";


}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}


return response;
}

．...

  private String getPostDataString(HashMap<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
boolean first = true;
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
if (first)
first = false;
else
result.append("&");


result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
result.append("=");
result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
}


return result.toString();
}
小开

如果还来得及的话，我想分享一下我的代码

Utils.java:

public static String buildPostParameters(Object content) {
String output = null;
if ((content instanceof String) ||
(content instanceof JSONObject) ||
(content instanceof JSONArray)) {
output = content.toString();
} else if (content instanceof Map) {
Uri.Builder builder = new Uri.Builder();
HashMap hashMap = (HashMap) content;
if (hashMap != null) {
Iterator entries = hashMap.entrySet().iterator();
while (entries.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) entries.next();
builder.appendQueryParameter(entry.getKey().toString(), entry.getValue().toString());
entries.remove(); // avoids a ConcurrentModificationException
}
output = builder.build().getEncodedQuery();
}
}


return output;
}


public static URLConnection makeRequest(String method, String apiAddress, String accessToken, String mimeType, String requestBody) throws IOException {
URL url = new URL(apiAddress);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();


urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
urlConnection.setDoOutput(!method.equals("GET"));
urlConnection.setRequestMethod(method);


urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);


urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", mimeType);
OutputStream outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "utf-8"));
writer.write(requestBody);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
outputStream.close();


urlConnection.connect();


return urlConnection;
}

MainActivity.java:

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


new APIRequest().execute();
}


private class APIRequest extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {


@Override
protected Object doInBackground(Void... params) {


// Of course, you should comment the other CASES when testing one CASE


// CASE 1: For FromBody parameter
String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/frombody";
String requestBody = Utils.buildPostParameters("'FromBody Value'"); // must have '' for FromBody parameter
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) Utils.makeRequest("POST", url, null, "application/json", requestBody);
InputStream inputStream;
// get stream
if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() < HttpURLConnection.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) {
inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
} else {
inputStream = urlConnection.getErrorStream();
}
// parse stream
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String temp, response = "";
while ((temp = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
response += temp;
}
return response;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return e.toString();
} finally {
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}


// CASE 2: For JSONObject parameter
String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/testjsonobject";
JSONObject jsonBody;
String requestBody;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection;
try {
jsonBody = new JSONObject();
jsonBody.put("Title", "BNK Title");
jsonBody.put("Author", "BNK");
jsonBody.put("Date", "2015/08/08");
requestBody = Utils.buildPostParameters(jsonBody);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) Utils.makeRequest("POST", url, null, "application/json", requestBody);
...
// the same logic to case #1
...
return response;
} catch (JSONException | IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return e.toString();
} finally {
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}


// CASE 3: For form-urlencoded parameter
String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/token";
HttpURLConnection urlConnection;
Map<String, String> stringMap = new HashMap<>();
stringMap.put("grant_type", "password");
stringMap.put("username", "username");
stringMap.put("password", "password");
String requestBody = Utils.buildPostParameters(stringMap);
try {
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) Utils.makeRequest("POST", url, null, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", requestBody);
...
// the same logic to case #1
...
return response;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return e.toString();
} finally {
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
}


@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String response) {
super.onPostExecute(response);
// do something...
}
}
小开

要使用自定义头或json数据调用POST/PUT/DELETE/GET Restful方法，可以使用以下Async类

public class HttpUrlConnectionUtlity extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, String> {
private static final String TAG = "HttpUrlConnectionUtlity";
Context mContext;
public static final int GET_METHOD = 0,
POST_METHOD = 1,
PUT_METHOD = 2,
HEAD_METHOD = 3,
DELETE_METHOD = 4,
TRACE_METHOD = 5,
OPTIONS_METHOD = 6;
HashMap<String, String> headerMap;


String entityString;
String url;
int requestType = -1;
final String timeOut = "TIMED_OUT";


int TIME_OUT = 60 * 1000;


public HttpUrlConnectionUtlity (Context mContext) {
this.mContext = mContext;
this.callback = callback;
}


@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}


@Override
protected String doInBackground(Integer... params) {
int requestType = getRequestType();
String response = "";
try {




URL url = getUrl();
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();


urlConnection = setRequestMethod(urlConnection, requestType);
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(TIME_OUT);
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(TIME_OUT);
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection = setHeaderData(urlConnection);
urlConnection = setEntity(urlConnection);


if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
response = readResponseStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
Logger.v(TAG, response);
}
urlConnection.disconnect();
return response;




} catch (ProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
return timeOut;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
Logger.e(TAG, "ALREADY CONNECTED");
}
return response;
}


@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String response) {
super.onPostExecute(response);


if (TextUtils.isEmpty(response)) {
//empty response
} else if (response != null && response.equals(timeOut)) {
//request timed out
} else    {
//process your response
}
}




private String getEntityString() {
return entityString;
}


public void setEntityString(String s) {
this.entityString = s;
}


private String readResponseStream(InputStream in) {
BufferedReader reader = null;
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String line = "";
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return response.toString();
}


private HttpURLConnection setEntity(HttpURLConnection urlConnection) throws IOException {
if (getEntityString() != null) {
OutputStream outputStream = urlConnection.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(getEntityString());
writer.flush();
writer.close();
outputStream.close();
} else {
Logger.w(TAG, "NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND ||NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND ||NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND");
}
return urlConnection;
}


private HttpURLConnection setHeaderData(HttpURLConnection urlConnection) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
if (getHeaderMap() != null) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : getHeaderMap().entrySet()) {
urlConnection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
} else {
Logger.w(TAG, "NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND ||NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND ||NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND");
}
return urlConnection;
}


private HttpURLConnection setRequestMethod(HttpURLConnection urlConnection, int requestMethod) {
try {
switch (requestMethod) {
case GET_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
break;
case POST_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
break;
case PUT_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("PUT");
break;
case DELETE_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("DELETE");
break;
case OPTIONS_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("OPTIONS");
break;
case HEAD_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("HEAD");
break;
case TRACE_METHOD:
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("TRACE");
break;
}
} catch (ProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return urlConnection;
}


public int getRequestType() {
return requestType;
}


public void setRequestType(int requestType) {
this.requestType = requestType;
}


public URL getUrl() throws MalformedURLException {
return new URL(url);
}


public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}


public HashMap<String, String> getHeaderMap() {
return headerMap;
}


public void setHeaderMap(HashMap<String, String> headerMap) {
this.headerMap = headerMap;
}   }

用法是

    HttpUrlConnectionUtlity httpMethod = new HttpUrlConnectionUtlity (mContext);
JSONObject jsonEntity = new JSONObject();


try {
jsonEntity.put("key1", value1);
jsonEntity.put("key2", value2);


} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
httpMethod.setUrl(YOUR_URL_STRING);
HashMap<String, String> headerMap = new HashMap<>();
headerMap.put("key",value);
headerMap.put("key1",value1);
httpMethod.setHeaderMap(headerMap);
httpMethod.setRequestType(WiseConnectHttpMethod.POST_METHOD); //specify POST/GET/DELETE/PUT
httpMethod.setEntityString(jsonEntity.toString());
httpMethod.execute();
小开

使用PrintWriter有一个更简单的方法(参见在这里)

基本上你所需要的是:

// set up URL connection
URL urlToRequest = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)urlToRequest.openConnection();
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");


// write out form parameters
String postParamaters = "param1=value1&param2=value2"
urlConnection.setFixedLengthStreamingMode(postParameters.getBytes().length);
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
out.print(postParameters);
out.close();


// connect
urlConnection.connect();
小开

在我的情况下，我已经创建了这样的函数，使Post请求字符串url和参数hashmap

 public  String postRequest( String mainUrl,HashMap<String,String> parameterList)
{
String response="";
try {
URL url = new URL(mainUrl);


StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : parameterList.entrySet())
{
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(param.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
}


byte[] postDataBytes = postData.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");








HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(postDataBytes.length));
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.getOutputStream().write(postDataBytes);


Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));


StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0; )
sb.append((char) c);
response = sb.toString();




return  response;
}catch (Exception excep){
excep.printStackTrace();}
return response;
}
小开

AsyncTask通过POST方法将数据作为JSONObect发送

public class PostMethodDemo extends AsyncTask<String , Void ,String> {
String server_response;


@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... strings) {
URL url;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;


try {
url = new URL(strings[0]);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");


DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream ());


try {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
obj.put("key1" , "value1");
obj.put("key2" , "value2");


wr.writeBytes(obj.toString());
Log.e("JSON Input", obj.toString());
wr.flush();
wr.close();
} catch (JSONException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
urlConnection.connect();


int responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();


if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
server_response = readStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
}


} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}


@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
super.onPostExecute(s);
Log.e("Response", "" + server_response);
}
}


public static String readStream(InputStream in) {
BufferedReader reader = null;
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
String line = "";
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return response.toString();
}
小开 
JSONObject params = new JSONObject();
try {
params.put(key, val);
}catch (JSONException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}

这就是我如何通过POST传递“params”(JSONObject)

connection.getOutputStream().write(params.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
小开

参数到HttpURLConnection使用帖子使用NameValuePair和输出

        try {
URL url = new URL("https://yourUrl.com");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();


conn.setUseCaches(false);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);


conn.setRequestMethod("POST");


conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");


JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
data.put("key1", "value1");
data.put("key2", "value2");


OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
wr.write(data.toString());
wr.flush();
wr.close();


BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String inputLine;
StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();


while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(inputLine);
}
in.close();
System.out.println(response.toString());
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

提交答案