如何递归地列出一个目录中的所有文件在c# ?

如何递归列出所有文件在一个目录和子目录在c# ?

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小开
最佳答案

这篇文章涵盖了所有你需要的。除了与搜索文件和比较名称不同，只需打印出名称。

可以这样修改:

static void DirSearch(string sDir)
{
try
{
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
{
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(d))
{
Console.WriteLine(f);
}
DirSearch(d);
}
}
catch (System.Exception excpt)
{
Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
}
}

barlop添加

GONeale提到上面没有列出当前目录中的文件，并建议将文件列表部分放在获取目录的部分之外。下面的代码可以做到这一点。它还包括一个Writeline行，你可以取消注释，这有助于跟踪你在递归中的位置，这可能有助于显示调用，帮助显示递归是如何工作的。

            DirSearch_ex3("c:\\aaa");
static void DirSearch_ex3(string sDir)
{
//Console.WriteLine("DirSearch..(" + sDir + ")");
try
{
Console.WriteLine(sDir);


foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(sDir))
{
Console.WriteLine(f);
}


foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(sDir))
{
DirSearch_ex3(d);
}
}
catch (System.Exception excpt)
{
Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
}
}
小开

注意。net 4.0中内置了基于迭代器的(而不是基于数组的)文件函数:

foreach (string file in Directory.EnumerateFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
Console.WriteLine(file);
}

现在我会使用如下的方法;如果你不能访问单个子目录，那么内置的递归方法很容易崩溃…;Queue<string>的使用避免了太多的调用堆栈递归，迭代器块避免了我们拥有一个巨大的数组。

static void Main() {
foreach (string file in GetFiles(SOME_PATH)) {
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
}


static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path) {
Queue<string> queue = new Queue<string>();
queue.Enqueue(path);
while (queue.Count > 0) {
path = queue.Dequeue();
try {
foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(path)) {
queue.Enqueue(subDir);
}
}
catch(Exception ex) {
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
}
string[] files = null;
try {
files = Directory.GetFiles(path);
}
catch (Exception ex) {
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex);
}
if (files != null) {
for(int i = 0 ; i < files.Length ; i++) {
yield return files[i];
}
}
}
}
小开

至少在。net 4.5中，有这样一个版本，它要短得多，并且有额外的好处，可以评估包含在列表中的任何文件标准:

public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles(string path,
Func<FileInfo, bool> checkFile = null)
{
string mask = Path.GetFileName(path);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(mask)) mask = "*.*";
path = Path.GetDirectoryName(path);
string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(path, mask, SearchOption.AllDirectories);


foreach (string file in files)
{
if (checkFile == null || checkFile(new FileInfo(file)))
yield return file;
}
}

像这样使用:

var list = GetAllFiles(mask, (info) => Path.GetExtension(info.Name) == ".html").ToList();
小开

一些很好的答案，但这些答案并没有解决我的问题。

一旦出现文件夹权限问题:“permission Denied”，代码就会失败。这是我用来解决“Permission Denied”问题的方法:

private int counter = 0;


private string[] MyDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories("C:\\");


private void ScanButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Thread MonitorSpeech = new Thread(() => ScanFiles());
MonitorSpeech.Start();
}


private void ScanFiles()
{
string CurrentDirectory = string.Empty;


while (counter < MyDirectories.Length)
{
try
{
GetDirectories();
CurrentDirectory = MyDirectories[counter++];
}
catch
{
if (!this.IsDisposed)
{
listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add("Access Denied to : " + CurrentDirectory); });
}
}
}
}


private void GetDirectories()
{
foreach (string directory in MyDirectories)
{
GetFiles(directory);
}
}


private void GetFiles(string directory)
{
try
{
foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory, "*"))
{
listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add(file); });
}
}
catch
{
listBox1.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate { listBox1.Items.Add("Access Denied to : " + directory); });
}
}

希望这能帮助到其他人。

小开

在Framework 2.0中，你可以使用(它列出根文件夹的文件，这是最好的最流行的答案):

static void DirSearch(string dir)
{
try
{
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dir))
Console.WriteLine(f);
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dir))
{
Console.WriteLine(d);
DirSearch(d);
}


}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
小开

以下是我的观点，基于Hernaldo’s，如果你需要找到具有特定模式名称的文件，例如XML文件，它们的名称中包含特定的字符串:

// call this like so: GetXMLFiles("Platypus", "C:\\");
public static List<string> GetXMLFiles(string fileType, string dir)
{
string dirName = dir;
var fileNames = new List<String>();
try
{
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
{
if ((f.Contains(fileType)) && (f.Contains(".XML")))
{
fileNames.Add(f);
}
}
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(dirName))
{
GetXMLFiles(fileType, d);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
return fileNames;
}
小开

下面是B. Clay Shannon的非静态excel文件代码:

class ExcelSearcher
{
private List<string> _fileNames;


public ExcelSearcher(List<string> filenames)
{
_fileNames = filenames;
}
public List<string> GetExcelFiles(string dir, List<string> filenames = null)
{


string dirName = dir;
var dirNames = new List<string>();
if (filenames != null)
{
_fileNames.Concat(filenames);
}
try
{
foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(dirName))
{
if (f.ToLower().EndsWith(".xls") || f.ToLower().EndsWith(".xlsx"))
{
_fileNames.Add(f);
}
}
dirNames = Directory.GetDirectories(dirName).ToList();
foreach (string d in dirNames)
{
GetExcelFiles(d, _fileNames);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//Bam
}
return _fileNames;
}
小开 
Directory.GetFiles("C:\\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories)
小开

列出要建模的文件和文件夹，自定义实现 这将创建从您的开始目录开始的所有文件和文件夹的完整列表 

public class DirOrFileModel
{
#region Private Members


private string _name;
private string _location;
private EntryType _entryType;


#endregion


#region Bindings


public string Name
{
get { return _name; }
set
{
if (value == _name) return;
_name = value;
}
}


public string Location
{
get { return _location; }
set
{
if (value == _location) return;
_location = value;
}
}


public EntryType EntryType
{
get { return _entryType; }
set
{
if (value == _entryType) return;
_entryType = value;
}
}


public ObservableCollection<DirOrFileModel> Entries { get; set; }


#endregion


#region Constructor


public DirOrFileModel()
{
Entries = new ObservableCollection<DirOrFileModel>();
}


#endregion
}


public enum EntryType
{
Directory = 0,
File = 1
}

方法:

 static DirOrFileModel DirSearch(DirOrFileModel startDir)
{
var currentDir = startDir;
try
{
foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(currentDir.Location))
{
var newDir = new DirOrFileModel
{
EntryType = EntryType.Directory,
Location = d,
Name = Path.GetFileName(d)
};
currentDir.Entries.Add(newDir);


DirSearch(newDir);
}


foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(currentDir.Location))
{
var newFile = new DirOrFileModel
{
EntryType = EntryType.File,
Location = f,
Name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(f)
};
currentDir.Entries.Add(newFile);
}


}
catch (Exception excpt)
{
Console.WriteLine(excpt.Message);
}
return startDir;
}

用法:

var dir = new DirOrFileModel
{
Name = "C",
Location = @"C:\",
EntryType = EntryType.Directory
};


dir = DirSearch(dir);
小开 
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string[] array1 = Directory.GetFiles(@"D:\");
string[] array2 = System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(@"D:\");
Console.WriteLine("--- Files: ---");
foreach (string name in array1)
{
Console.WriteLine(name);
}
foreach (string name in array2)
{
Console.WriteLine(name);
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
小开 
IEnumerable<string> GetFilesFromDir(string dir) =>
Directory.EnumerateFiles(dir).Concat(
Directory.EnumerateDirectories(dir)
.SelectMany(subdir => GetFilesFromDir(subdir)));
小开

一个简单干净的解决方案

/// <summary>
/// Scans a folder and all of its subfolders recursively, and updates the List of files
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sFullPath">Full path of the folder</param>
/// <param name="files">The list, where the output is expected</param>
internal static void EnumerateFiles(string sFullPath, List<FileInfo> fileInfoList)
{
try
{
DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(sFullPath);
FileInfo[] files = di.GetFiles();


foreach (FileInfo file in files)
fileInfoList.Add(file);


//Scan recursively
DirectoryInfo[] dirs = di.GetDirectories();
if (dirs == null || dirs.Length < 1)
return;
foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in dirs)
EnumerateFiles(dir.FullName, fileInfoList);


}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Write("Exception in Helper.EnumerateFiles", ex);
}
}
小开 
private void GetFiles(DirectoryInfo dir, ref List<FileInfo> files)
{
try
{
files.AddRange(dir.GetFiles());
DirectoryInfo[] dirs = dir.GetDirectories();
foreach (var d in dirs)
{
GetFiles(d, ref files);
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{


}
}
小开

简单的解决方案

string dir = @"D:\PATH";


DateTime from_date = DateTime.Now.Date;
DateTime to_date = DateTime.Now.Date.AddHours(23);
var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(dir, "*.*",SearchOption.AllDirectories).Select(i=>new FileInfo(i))
.Where(file=>file.LastWriteTime >= from_date && file.LastWriteTime <= to_date);
foreach(var fl in files)
Console.WriteLine(fl.FullName);
小开

我更喜欢使用DirectoryInfo，因为我可以得到FileInfo的，而不仅仅是字符串。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);


string searchPattern = "*.xml";


ICollection<FileInfo> matchingFileInfos = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Select(x => x)
.ToList();

我这样做的情况下，在未来我需要未来过滤..基于FileInfo的属性。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);


string searchPattern = "*.xml";


ICollection<FileInfo> matchingFileInfos = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Where(x => x.LastWriteTimeUtc < DateTimeOffset.Now)
.Select(x => x)
.ToList();

如果需要，我也可以求助于字符串。(仍然是未来证明过滤器/where-clause子句的东西。

        string baseFolder = @"C:\temp";
DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo(baseFolder);


string searchPattern = "*.xml";


ICollection<string> matchingFileNames = di.GetFiles(searchPattern, SearchOption.AllDirectories)
.Select(x => x.FullName)
.ToList();

请注意，如果您想扩展filer，“．”是一个有效的搜索模式。

小开

这一个帮助我得到一个目录和子目录中的所有文件，可能对某人有帮助。[灵感来自上述答案]

static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
var root = @"G:\logs";
DirectorySearch(root);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}










public static void DirectorySearch(string root, bool isRootItrated = false)
{
if (!isRootItrated)
{
var rootDirectoryFiles = Directory.GetFiles(root);
foreach (var file in rootDirectoryFiles)
{
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
}


var subDirectories = Directory.GetDirectories(root);
if (subDirectories?.Any() == true)
{
foreach (var directory in subDirectories)
{
var files = Directory.GetFiles(directory);
foreach (var file in files)
{
Console.WriteLine(file);
}
DirectorySearch(directory, true);
}
}
}
小开

一个非常简单的解决方案，返回一个文件列表。

    public static List<string> AllFilesInFolder(string folder)
{
var result = new List<string>();


foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(folder))
{
result.Add(f);
}


foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(folder))
{
result.AddRange(AllFilesInFolder(d));
}


return result;
}
小开

为了避免UnauthorizedAccessException，我使用:

var files = GetFiles(@"C:\", "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
foreach (var file in files)
{
Console.WriteLine($"{file}");
}


public static IEnumerable<string> GetFiles(string path, string searchPattern, SearchOption searchOption)
{
var foldersToProcess = new List<string>()
{
path
};


while (foldersToProcess.Count > 0)
{
string folder = foldersToProcess[0];
foldersToProcess.RemoveAt(0);


if (searchOption.HasFlag(SearchOption.AllDirectories))
{
//get subfolders
try
{
var subfolders = Directory.GetDirectories(folder);
foldersToProcess.AddRange(subfolders);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//log if you're interested
}
}


//get files
var files = new List<string>();
try
{
files = Directory.GetFiles(folder, searchPattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly).ToList();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
//log if you're interested
}


foreach (var file in files)
{
yield return file;
}
}
}
小开 
var d = new DirectoryInfo(@"C:\logs");
var list = d.GetFiles("*.txt").Select(m => m.Name).ToList();
小开

如果您只需要文件名，并且由于我不喜欢这里的大多数解决方案(特性或可读性方面)，那么这个懒惰的解决方案如何?

private void Foo()
{
var files = GetAllFiles("pathToADirectory");
foreach (string file in files)
{
// Use can use Path.GetFileName() or similar to extract just the filename if needed
// You can break early and it won't still browse your whole disk since it's a lazy one
}
}


/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException">The specified path is invalid (for example, it is on an unmapped drive).</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.UnauthorizedAccessException">The caller does not have the required permission.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.IOException"><paramref name="path" /> is a file name.-or-A network error has occurred.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.IO.PathTooLongException">The specified path, file name, or both exceed the system-defined maximum length. For example, on Windows-based platforms, paths must be less than 248 characters and file names must be less than 260 characters.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentNullException"><paramref name="path" /> is null.</exception>
/// <exception cref="T:System.ArgumentException"><paramref name="path" /> is a zero-length string, contains only white space, or contains one or more invalid characters as defined by <see cref="F:System.IO.Path.InvalidPathChars" />.</exception>
[NotNull]
public static IEnumerable<string> GetAllFiles([NotNull] string directory)
{
foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
{
yield return file; // includes the path
}


foreach (string subDir in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
{
foreach (string subFile in GetAllFiles(subDir))
{
yield return subFile;
}
}
}
小开

一些改进版本，最大lvl下到目录和选项排除文件夹:

using System;
using System.IO;


class MainClass {
public static void Main (string[] args) {


var dir = @"C:\directory\to\print";
PrintDirectoryTree(dir, 2, new string[] {"folder3"});
}




public static void PrintDirectoryTree(string directory, int lvl, string[] excludedFolders = null, string lvlSeperator = "")
{
excludedFolders = excludedFolders ?? new string[0];


foreach (string f in Directory.GetFiles(directory))
{
Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator+Path.GetFileName(f));
}


foreach (string d in Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
{
Console.WriteLine(lvlSeperator + "-" + Path.GetFileName(d));


if(lvl > 0 && Array.IndexOf(excludedFolders, Path.GetFileName(d)) < 0)
{
PrintDirectoryTree(d, lvl-1, excludedFolders, lvlSeperator+"  ");
}
}
}
}

输入目录:

-folder1
file1.txt
-folder2
file2.txt
-folder5
file6.txt
-folder3
file3.txt
-folder4
file4.txt
file5.txt

函数的输出(由于lvl限制，folder5的内容被排除，folder3的内容被排除，因为它在excldedfolders数组中):

-folder1
file1.txt
-folder2
file2.txt
-folder5
-folder3
-folder4
file4.txt
file5.txt
小开

最短的记录

string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(@"your_path", "*.jpg", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
小开

这就是我们如何将文件作为其子目录的FileInfo，

var dir = new DirectoryInfo(rootPath);
FileInfo[] files = dir.GetFiles("*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);

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