如何停止 Javascript 中的无限循环？

假设我不小心写了这个:

 do { } while (true);

然后运行它。除了关闭你的浏览器，还有其他方法可以停止 javascript 的执行吗? (相当于基本的 Ctrl + Break，或者 Ctrl + C)？

通常，大约30秒后，浏览器会询问是否要停止长时间运行的脚本，但这种情况并不总是发生(正如我刚刚发现的那样) ！

仅供参考: 像这样的简单循环: for (i=1; i > 0; ++i);会导致我的浏览器崩溃(Firefox 3.5 b4)。我不太想测试它是否是我的附加组件。不断重启浏览器可不是我心目中有趣的周一之夜。

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Depends on the browser. Some let you click the "stop" button to stop javascript execution. Others don't.

I suggest the best way is to just kill the browser or tab entirely.

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最佳答案

At least with Chrome, you may be able to kill off the individual tab and not the whole application.

Randolpho has also informed me that IE8 has similar functionality.

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Most browsers have a "slow script performance" warning that comes up when an out of control javascript is taking a very long time to execute. This warning dialog usually gives the option to kill the offending script.

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most decent browsers do show an "unresponsive script" warning... If not, I guess your best course of action would be to find out why the warning is not popping up.

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ref: https://superuser.com/questions/92617/stop-never-ending-popup-alerts-in-firefox
Firefox is particularly problematic ...

Warning! Caveat! Do NOT run this!

javascript:
while (true) alert("irritated and exhausted - yet?");

This will go "infinite" and will NOT exhaust an internal timeout since the script will not chew up CPU time fast enough. In FF 11 this guarantees there will be no "unresponsive script" abortion opportunities.

Gracefully stopping just the offending script was possible and trivial in early browser versions, using manual intervention, without croaking and aborting the whole browser. To not have such control is a major browser software design flaw. Unreasonable dexterity and reflex are required to effect the manual motor mechanics of the "solutions" described in the reference.

Caveat: It is possible for scripts to go "infinite" w/o timing out AND w/o alert type prompts. These are particularly pernicious and annoying. Basically, the scripts run slowly enough so that the CPU time cycle allotment of say 20 sec. is stretched out over several minutes or hours or ..., before timing out, by suspension of execution pending resumption on an event trigger. Instead of timing CPU cycles it would be far better for scripts to timeout on real world clocking. (Ever notice how you cannot abort a script that is trying to retrieve content - but unsuccessfully - for constructing a page? In FF both the address bar buttons reload and cancel/stop are disabled though the tab at least can be closed.) Normal javascript Timeout() and setInterval() calls do not suffer from this and are conditioned so that while suspended, manual intervention is possible to abort them "gracefully".

Test environment for empirical observations:

window.navigator.userAgent=
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux i686; rv:11.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/11.0

PS. the script

for (i=1; i > 0; ++i);

will eventually trap on an overflow error when i exceeds the maximum value allowed.

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From https://superuser.com/questions/92617/stop-never-ending-popup-alerts-in-firefox#comment93927_92617, by anonymous:

This isn't a satisfactory general-purpose solution, but with Greasmonkey (or maybe Ubiquity or Jetpack) you could overwrite window.alert with a function that calls window.confirm and optionally throw(s) an error, stopping all script execution, or toggles a flag to stop alerts. That might be useful if a site you keep going back to presents this behavior.

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What I do when using Chrome and this happens is hitting shift+ctrl+esc to bring up the windows taskmanager. Then switch to the processes-tab and scroll through the chrome.exe processes(chrome has one process for each open tab) till I find one with significantly higher cpu usage than the oters. It tends to have around 30% for me while all others have like 0-2% Then I'll just end that process. Actually the same can be done by going to tools>taskmanager or shift+esc in chrome to open its custom taskmanager for its processes. Might be easier to use that since it shows more info of the tabs.

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I'm using Chome Version 45.0.2454.101

At the top right hand corner, at the hamburger menu, click on More Tools > Task Manager, and then kill the tab from there. This is if attempting to close the tab fails. Otherwise a simple 'X' on the tab kills it.

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If you are using Chrome you can easily kill not responding tab:

  1. Switch to any other tab
  2. Press Shift + Esc to open Chrome's Task Manager
  3. Find your tab in the list (Should be the most memory consumer)
  4. Click End Process

Important: Navigating to another tab is important, because if you are on the original tab JavaScript will make the browser unable to process your key press and do nothing because of its infinite loop.

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2018 update:

In Chrome 67, if you have the DevTools open (F12), you can end the infinite loop without killing the whole tab:

  • Go to the Sources panel and click "Pause script execution".
  • Hold that same button and now select the "Stop" icon.

enter image description here

https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/04/devtools#stop

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In Firefox

Go to Developer Tools > Debugger, and click pause button.

enter image description here

In Chrome

Go to Developer Tools > Sources, and click pause button.

enter image description here

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Last resort: close the browser from the OS. I had good results closing Chrome from the taskbar in Windows 10 while an infinite loop ran. If that didn't work I would have killed the browser in Task Manager as above. On other OS's, of course the exact technique would vary. Infinite recursions are less a problem. All systems I've seen limit the size of the execution stack, and interrupt with a runtime error eventually once infinite recursion leads to stack overflow (no pun intended).


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