Java 垃圾收集日志消息

我已经将 java 配置为将垃圾收集信息转储到日志中(详细气相色谱)。我不确定日志中的垃圾收集条目是什么意思。这些条目的一个样本张贴在下面。我在 谷歌上搜索了一下，没有找到可靠的解释。

我有一些合理的猜测，但我正在寻找答案，提供严格的定义，什么数字在条目的意思，支持可靠的来源。所有引用 Sun 文档的答案自动 + 1。我的问题是:

  1. PSYoungGen 指的是什么? 我假设它与上一代(年轻一代?)有关，但具体是什么呢？
  2. 第二个三重数和第一个三重数有什么区别？
  3. 为什么一个名字(PSYoungGen)被指定为第一个三联体的数字，而不是第二个？
  4. 三元组中的每个数字(内存大小)意味着什么。例如，在109884K-> 14201K (139904K)中，是 GC 109884K 之前的内存，然后减少到14201K。第三个数字有什么关系？为什么我们需要第二组数字？

8109.128: [ GC [ PSYoungGen: 109884K-> 14201K (139904K)] 691015K-> 595332K (1119040K) ，0.0454530 秒]

8112.111: [ GC [ PSYoungGen: 126649K-> 15528K (142336K)] 707780K-> 605892K (1121472K) ，0.0934560 秒]

8112.802: [ GC [ PSYoungGen: 130344K-> 3732K (118592K)] 720708K-> 607895K (1097728K) ，0.0682690 秒]

172524 次浏览
小开
最佳答案

Most of it is explained in the GC Tuning Guide (which you would do well to read anyway).

The command line option -verbose:gc causes information about the heap and garbage collection to be printed at each collection. For example, here is output from a large server application: 

[GC 325407K->83000K(776768K), 0.2300771 secs]
[GC 325816K->83372K(776768K), 0.2454258 secs]
[Full GC 267628K->83769K(776768K), 1.8479984 secs]

Here we see two minor collections followed by one major collection. The numbers before and after the arrow (e.g., 325407K->83000K from the first line) indicate the combined size of live objects before and after garbage collection, respectively. After minor collections the size includes some objects that are garbage (no longer alive) but that cannot be reclaimed. These objects are either contained in the tenured generation, or referenced from the tenured or permanent generations.

The next number in parentheses (e.g., (776768K) again from the first line) is the committed size of the heap: the amount of space usable for java objects without requesting more memory from the operating system. Note that this number does not include one of the survivor spaces, since only one can be used at any given time, and also does not include the permanent generation, which holds metadata used by the virtual machine.

The last item on the line (e.g., 0.2300771 secs) indicates the time taken to perform the collection; in this case approximately a quarter of a second.

The format for the major collection in the third line is similar.

The format of the output produced by -verbose:gc is subject to change in future releases.

I'm not certain why there's a PSYoungGen in yours; did you change the garbage collector?

小开
  1. PSYoungGen refers to the garbage collector in use for the minor collection. PS stands for Parallel Scavenge.
  2. The first set of numbers are the before/after sizes of the young generation and the second set are for the entire heap. (Diagnosing a Garbage Collection problem details the format)
  3. The name indicates the generation and collector in question, the second set are for the entire heap.

An example of an associated full GC also shows the collectors used for the old and permanent generations:

3.757: [Full GC [PSYoungGen: 2672K->0K(35584K)]
[ParOldGen: 3225K->5735K(43712K)] 5898K->5735K(79296K)
[PSPermGen: 13533K->13516K(27584K)], 0.0860402 secs]

Finally, breaking down one line of your example log output:

8109.128: [GC [PSYoungGen: 109884K->14201K(139904K)] 691015K->595332K(1119040K), 0.0454530 secs]
  • 107Mb used before GC, 14Mb used after GC, max young generation size 137Mb
  • 675Mb heap used before GC, 581Mb heap used after GC, 1Gb max heap size
  • minor GC occurred 8109.128 seconds since the start of the JVM and took 0.04 seconds
小开

I just wanted to mention that one can get the detailed GC log with the 

-XX:+PrintGCDetails

parameter. Then you see the PSYoungGen or PSPermGen output like in the answer.

Also -Xloggc:gc.log seems to generate the same output like -verbose:gc but you can specify an output file in the first.

Example usage:

java -Xloggc:./memory.log -XX:+PrintGCDetails Memory

To visualize the data better you can try gcviewer (a more recent version can be found on github).

Take care to write the parameters correctly, I forgot the "+" and my JBoss would not start up, without any error message!


提交答案