比较和对比轻量级标记语言

请确定最流行的轻量级标记语言,并比较它们的优缺点。这些语言应该是技术散文的通用标记,比如文档(例如,Haml 不算)。

参见: 降价对抗 ReStructuredText

23701 次浏览

I know of three main languages used commonly in the greater programming and tech community: Textile, Markdown, and reStructuredText. All three can be learned in a couple of hours or "winged" with the cheat sheet nearby.

Textile

  • Used by Redmine and the Ruby community
  • 113 questions currently tagged on Stack Overflow
  • The most similar to HTML, but least readable source
  • Easiest nested lists of all three languages
  • Not understandable to non-programmers or the HTML-ignorant
  • Ideal for complex short documents (with links, nested lists, code, custom HTML); for example: short documentation, how-tos, blog or CMS content
  • Syntax reference

Markdown

  • Doesn't seem to have a home language "community" but...
  • 1274 questions tagged on Stack Overflow*
  • Emphasizes source code readability, similar to email traditions
  • Straightforward HTML embedding (you just type the tags out)
  • No way to make tables besides embedding HTML
  • You know it already if you know Stack Overflow
  • Easy to learn if you already know reStructuredText
  • Automatic email address obfuscation for the format <address@example.com> (with angle brackets)
  • Syntax reference

reStructuredText (A.K.A. ReST)

  • Popular in the Python community
  • 285 questions tagged on Stack Overflow
  • A bit persnickety about whitespace and alignment if you ask me
  • Lists (especially nested lists) and paragraphs always seem to get in fights
  • Readable by non-programmers
  • Only format which can build a table of contents (via an extension in the Python reference implementation)
  • Directly converts to other formats like PDF and XML
  • Ideal for large documents with lots of prose (e.g. an alternative to docbook for a user manual)
  • Syntax reference

You might also consider asciidoc

  • relatively readable markup
  • straightforward command-line use
  • some might perceive it as relatively 'picky' (vs. flexible) with respect to syntax
  • docbook and (x)html output

for documentation? how about doxygen?
I've use it for some of c/c++ project that I need to documentize. Even you can 'abuse' it just like doxygen author uses for doxygen documentation

I am attempting to cover all the various lightweight markup languages here:

http://www.subspacefield.org/~travis/static_blog_generators.html

As you can see, it started with "how can I make a secure blog" - i.e. one that generates static HTML, and I found myself ensnared in markup languages, templating systems, etc.

Update

I refocused only on LWMLs with python implementations, and theyre here:

http://www.subspacefield.org/~travis/python_lightweight_markup_languages.html

So far I've tried markdown and ReST, and I like the latter better for anything but HTML snippets embedded in other pages. Tables, cross refs, indirect links, etc...

The Wikipedia page on lightweight markup languages has a good comparison between the various options, as well as showing syntax for common uses (headings, bold, italics, etc.)