Python Pip 使用 sys.stderr.write 中断(f“ ERROR: { exc }”)

在新鲜的 Vagrant VM 使用 box bento/centos-7上，下面的命令破坏了我的 pip 安装:

yum update
yum install epel-release -y
yum install python-pip -y
/usr/bin/pip2 install --upgrade pip setuptools pyOpenSSL psycopg2-binary lxml

这在最后失败了

  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/84/48/5c99d8770fd0a9eb0f82654c3294aad6d0ba9f8600638c2e2ad74f2c5d52/setuptools-52.0.0.tar.gz (2.1MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 2.1MB 821kB/s
Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "setuptools/__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
import setuptools.version
File "setuptools/version.py", line 1, in <module>
import pkg_resources
File "pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1367
raise SyntaxError(e) from e
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax


----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-build-GZrC3W/setuptools/
You are using pip version 8.1.2, however version 21.0 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

如果我升级了 Pip，我会注意到我的 Python 坏了，然后所有的 Pip 命令都以 SyntaxError结束

[root@bkd-openam ~]# pip install --upgrade pip
Collecting pip
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9e/24/bc928987f35dd0167f21b13a1777c21b9c5917c9894cff93f1c1a6cb8f3b/pip-21.0.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: pip
Found existing installation: pip 8.1.2
Uninstalling pip-8.1.2:
Successfully uninstalled pip-8.1.2
Running setup.py install for pip ... done
Successfully installed pip-21.0
[root@bkd-openam ~]# /usr/bin/pip2 install --upgrade pip setuptools pyOpenSSL psycopg2-binary lxml
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/pip2", line 9, in <module>
load_entry_point('pip==21.0', 'console_scripts', 'pip2')()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 378, in load_entry_point
return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2566, in load_entry_point
return ep.load()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2260, in load
entry = __import__(self.module_name, globals(),globals(), ['__name__'])
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 60
sys.stderr.write(f"ERROR: {exc}")
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

为什么会这样? 这是 Python 已知的问题吗? 我该如何解决这个问题？

顺便说一句，CentOS7是一个给定的，我们不能升级到 CentOS8在这一点上。此外，我们正在使用安赛尔，所以我认为安赛尔社区不推荐使用 Virtual alenv 作为目标节点。

我们当然可以在目标节点上安装 Python3，但并非所有的 Anble 代码都适用于 Python3与 CentOS7的组合。

我们能用 Pip 20吗？我们希望升级到最新版本的 Pip 仍然可以工作，我认为那是 Pip 20。如何防止升级到 Pip 21？

142104 次浏览
小开

This problem has to do with the fact that Python 2.7 reached end of its life and that the PIP community dropped support for it this month.

PIP displays deprecation notices such as

DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.

To fix this and continue with unsupported Python 2.7 you should not upgrade to the latest pip version but to a version < 21.

pip install --upgrade "pip < 21.0"
小开

You can get an older version (2.7) of get-pip.py

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py --output get-pip.py

In my opinion, you should create a python2 virtualenv and install your python2 package in it, as well as pip2. For example, when I installed cuckoo sandbox, I did it like this:

virtualenv --python=python2 cuckoo/   # make your virtualenv folder with python2
cd cuckoo
source bin/activate
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py --output get-pip.py   # get pip for python2
python2 get-pip.py        # install pip in your virtualenv
pip install cuckoo       # install your python2 package

Hope it will help.

小开

As PIP dropped support for Python 2.7 in result we are facing the above mentioned issue, following are the commands which actually worked for me on Ubuntu.

sudo apt-get remove --purge python-pip
sudo apt-get autoremove
sudo rm -f /usr/local/bin/pip
sudo easy_install pip==20.3.4
pip --version

Output: pip 20.3.4

Same can be achieved for CentOS by changing package manager name.

小开

If this logic is used in a (e.g.) Github Actions matrix of different Python versions, the following bash snippet will determine if pip should be updated before pip 21.0 or not. For instance, Python 3.5 should not update beyond pip 21.0, but Python 3.6 can use more recent versions.

use_pip_lt_21=`python -c "import sys; print(sys.version_info[:2] < (3, 6))"`
if [ $use_pip_lt_21 = "True" ]; then
pip="pip < 21.0"
else
pip="pip"
fi
pip install --disable-pip-version-check --upgrade "$pip"
小开

these commands solved for me on ubuntu 20.04 LTS:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo add-apt-repository universe
$ sudo apt install python2
$ curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/2.7/get-pip.py | sudo python
$$ pip --version

summarized from https://linuxhint.com/install_python_pip_tool_ubuntu/ and https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/631283 by editin 5th command

小开

remove the pip and reinstall it, on ubantu16.04

sudo apt-get remove --purge python-pip
sudo apt-get autoremove
rm -r /home/xxx/.local/bin/pip
rm -r /usr/local/bin/pip
sudo apt update
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/2.7/get-pip.py | sudo python
sudo ln /usr/local/bin/pip /home/xxx/.local/bin/pip
小开

Its version conflict issue. first check python --version, below steps for python version 2.7

  1. curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
  2. python get-pip.py
  3. install virtual env: python -m pip install --user virtualenv
  4. create venv: python -m virtualenv env
  5. activate venv: source env/bin/activate
小开

Update: Please use following command to install the pip on python2.7

curl  https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/2.7/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python get-pip.py

Enjoy it!

小开

When you tried to upgrade pip it was upgraded to version 21 and as written in the link: Python2-support

pip 20.3 was the last version of pip that supported Python 2. Bugs reported with pip which only occur on Python 2.7 will likely be closed as “won’t fix” issues by pip’s maintainers.

So now you first need to remove the current pip installed, which you can do from Centos 7:

yum remove python2-pip

Now we will install pip again

yum install python2-pip -y

Now we will upgrade pip to the supported version

pip install --upgrade pip==20.3.4

Now pip command will work fine

pip -V
小开

Environment

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 32-bit.

Ubuntu 16.04.7 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.4.0-209-generic i686)

Python 3.5

I was getting the error running these commands:

$ sudo python3 -m venv /opt/certbot/
$ sudo /opt/certbot/bin/pip install --upgrade pip
$ sudo /opt/certbot/bin/pip install certbot

Traceback (most recent call last): File "/opt/certbot/bin/pip", line 7, in from pip._internal.cli.main import main File "/opt/certbot/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 58 sys.stderr.write(f"ERROR: {exc}") ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax

The python3 is just a symlink to python3.5:

/usr/bin/python3 -> python3.5

Python 3.9

Another error is thrown:

$ sudo python3.9 -m venv /opt/certbot/

Error: Command '['/opt/certbot/bin/python3.9', '-Im', 'ensurepip', '--upgrade', '--default-pip']' returned non-zero exit status 1.

Solution: Python 3.6

These commands solved the problem for me:

$ sudo python3.6 -m venv /opt/certbot/
$ sudo /opt/certbot/bin/pip install --upgrade pip
$ sudo /opt/certbot/bin/pip install certbot
小开

This helped me (Ubuntu 16.04)

In general I removed completely pip and pip3 like:

whereis pip
sudo rm -f <results from whereis pip
whereis pip3
sudo rm -f <results from whereis pip3

Search pip and remove files and directories. In my case it was:

sudo rm -fr ~/.local/bin/pip3.5
sudo rm -fr ~/.local/bin/pip3
sudo rm -fr ~/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pip*
sudo rm -rf ~/.cache/pip/
sudo rm -rf  /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip*
sudo rm -rf  /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip*

Then I installed pip3 once again:

Python 3.5

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/pip/3.5/get-pip.py

Python 3.6

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py

python3 get-pip.py --ignore-installed
小开

I'm reporting my solution because it worked for me on MacOS (not on Linux, which these other solutions were for). Hopefully this will help someone in case they have a problem similar on Mac. I'm running MacOS 11.4. PIP got broken on my system somehow. My global system is supposed to be using Python3 but I was getting the error message:

 Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/bin/pip", line 11, in <module>
load_entry_point('pip==21.0.1', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 489, in load_entry_point
return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2843, in load_entry_point
return ep.load()
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2434, in load
return self.resolve()
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Extras/lib/python/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2440, in resolve
module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/pip-21.0.1-py2.7.egg/pip/_internal/cli/main.py", line 60
sys.stderr.write(f"ERROR: {exc}")
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

My solution was running this:

curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
python3 get-pip.py

Now PIP is working again on my system.


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