使用字节而不是字符串的 StringIO 替换？

Try io.BytesIO.

As others have pointed out, you can indeed use StringIO in 2.7, but BytesIO is a good choice for forward-compatibility.

In Python 2.6/2.7, the io module is intended to be used for compatibility with Python 3.X. From the docs:

New in version 2.6.

The io module provides the Python interfaces to stream handling. Under Python 2.x, this is proposed as an alternative to the built-in file object, but in Python 3.x it is the default interface to access files and streams.

Note Since this module has been designed primarily for Python 3.x, you have to be aware that all uses of “bytes” in this document refer to the str type (of which bytes is an alias), and all uses of “text” refer to the unicode type. Furthermore, those two types are not interchangeable in the io APIs.

In Python versions earlier than 3.X the StringIO module contains the legacy version of StringIO, which unlike io.StringIO can be used in pre-2.6 versions of Python:

>>> import StringIO
>>> s=StringIO.StringIO()
>>> s.write('hello')
>>> s.getvalue()
'hello'
>>> import io
>>> s=io.StringIO()
>>> s.write('hello')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: string argument expected, got 'str'
>>> s.write(u'hello')
5L
>>> s.getvalue()
u'hello'

You say: "It may not be obvious but if you used StringIO for processing binary data you are out of luck with Python 2.7 or newer".

It is not obvious because it is not true.

If you have code that works on 2.6 or earlier, it continues to work on 2.7. Unedited screen dump (Windows Command prompt window wrapping at col 80 and all):

C:\Users\John>\python26\python -c"import sys,StringIO;s=StringIO.StringIO();s.wr
ite('hello\n');print repr(s.getvalue()), sys.version"
'hello\n' 2.6.6 (r266:84297, Aug 24 2010, 18:46:32) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)]


C:\Users\John>\python27\python -c"import sys,StringIO;s=StringIO.StringIO();s.wr
ite('hello\n');print repr(s.getvalue()), sys.version"
'hello\n' 2.7.1 (r271:86832, Nov 27 2010, 18:30:46) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)]

If you need to write code that runs on 2.7 and 3.x, use the BytesIO class in the io module.

If you need/want a single codebase that supports 2.7, 2.6, ... and 3.x, you will need to work a bit harder. Using the six module should help a lot.