BSTR 到 std: : string (std: : wstring) ，反之亦然

在 C + + 中使用 COM 时，字符串通常是 BSTR数据类型。有些人可以使用 BSTR包装，如 CComBSTR或 MS 的 CString。但是因为我不能在 MinGW 编译器中使用 ATL 或 MFC，是否有标准的代码片段来将 BSTR转换为 std::string(或 std::wstring) ，反之亦然？

BSTR是否也有一些类似于 CComBSTR的非 MS 包装器？

更新

感谢所有以任何方式帮助我的人！正因为没有人解决 BSTR和 std::string之间的转换问题，我想在这里提供一些如何做到这一点的线索。

下面是我用来分别将 BSTR转换为 std::string和 std::string转换为 BSTR的函数:

std::string ConvertBSTRToMBS(BSTR bstr)
{
int wslen = ::SysStringLen(bstr);
return ConvertWCSToMBS((wchar_t*)bstr, wslen);
}


std::string ConvertWCSToMBS(const wchar_t* pstr, long wslen)
{
int len = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pstr, wslen, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);


std::string dblstr(len, '\0');
len = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0 /* no flags */,
pstr, wslen /* not necessary NULL-terminated */,
&dblstr[0], len,
NULL, NULL /* no default char */);


return dblstr;
}


BSTR ConvertMBSToBSTR(const std::string& str)
{
int wslen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0 /* no flags */,
str.data(), str.length(),
NULL, 0);


BSTR wsdata = ::SysAllocStringLen(NULL, wslen);
::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0 /* no flags */,
str.data(), str.length(),
wsdata, wslen);
return wsdata;
}
116939 次浏览
小开

Simply pass the BSTR directly to the wstring constructor, it is compatible with a wchar_t*:

BSTR btest = SysAllocString(L"Test");
assert(btest != NULL);
std::wstring wtest(btest);
assert(0 == wcscmp(wtest.c_str(), btest));

Converting BSTR to std::string requires a conversion to char* first. That's lossy since BSTR stores a utf-16 encoded Unicode string. Unless you want to encode in utf-8. You'll find helper methods to do this, as well as manipulate the resulting string, in the ICU library.

小开
最佳答案

BSTR to std::wstring:

// given BSTR bs
assert(bs != nullptr);
std::wstring ws(bs, SysStringLen(bs));

 
std::wstring to BSTR:

// given std::wstring ws
assert(!ws.empty());
BSTR bs = SysAllocStringLen(ws.data(), ws.size());

Doc refs:

  1. std::basic_string<typename CharT>::basic_string(const CharT*, size_type)
  2. std::basic_string<>::empty() const
  3. std::basic_string<>::data() const
  4. std::basic_string<>::size() const
  5. SysStringLen()
  6. SysAllocStringLen()
小开

You could also do this

#include <comdef.h>


BSTR bs = SysAllocString("Hello");
std::wstring myString = _bstr_t(bs, false); // will take over ownership, so no need to free

or std::string if you prefer

EDIT: if your original string contains multiple embedded \0 this approach will not work.

小开

There is a c++ class called _bstr_t. It has useful methods and a collection of overloaded operators.

For example, you can easily assign from a const wchar_t * or a const char * just doing _bstr_t bstr = L"My string"; Then you can convert it back doing const wchar_t * s = bstr.operator const wchar_t *();. You can even convert it back to a regular char const char * c = bstr.operator char *(); You can then just use the const wchar_t * or the const char * to initialize a new std::wstring oe std::string.


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