Git 代理密码中的 Escape@字符

我将 git 代理配置设置为“ http.xy = http://userid:abc0@ipaddress:port”，但是在克隆一个远程项目时，出现了如下错误:

Cloning into git...
error: Couldn't resolve proxy '123@ipaddress' while accessing http://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/info/refs


fatal: HTTP request failed

如何在密码中转义“@”字符？

请注意: 我不能改变密码。

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Note (November 2013)

Encoding the url (especially any special character in a password) is the right solution.
The .netrc mentioned below is only for remote repo url, not for the proxy used to resolve said remote repo url.

For said encoding, see "Percent-encoding":

Percent-encoding, also known as URL encoding, is a mechanism for encoding information in a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) under certain circumstances. Although it is known as URL encoding it is, in fact, used more generally within the main Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) set, which includes both Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and Uniform Resource Name (URN). As such, it is also used in the preparation of data of the application/x-www-form-urlencoded media type, as is often used in the submission of HTML form data in HTTP requests.

Reserved characters after percent-encoding:

!   #   $    &   '   (   )   *   +   ,   /   :   ;   =   ?   @   [   ]
%21 %23 %24 %26 %27 %28 %29 %2A %2B %2C %2F %3A %3B %3D %3F %40 %5B %5D

Original answer (May 2011)

Two comments:

  • having a password for a server accessed with http (not https) is... strange. The password isn't encrypted during communications between client and server;

  • you could setup a .netrc (or _netrc for Windows) in your $HOME, with the following content

machine ipaddress:port
login userId
password pwd@

The curl used by Git bbehind the scene would handle the encoding just fine, @ or no @.

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最佳答案

I'd try using the URL Encoded value of the @ symbol (%40) if you're passing the password in the proxy url:

http.proxy=http://userId:pwd%40123@ipaddress:port
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URL encode any unusual characters.

List of url codes.

@ character is %40

In my git config file, I have encoded 'just' the user name for instance:

https://myemail%40gmail.com@myrepo.org/api.git

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For example, your password stored in environment variable GIT_PASSWORD, username - GIT_USERNAME, then:

git clone http://${GIT_USERNAME}:$(echo -n $GIT_PASSWORD | hexdump -v -e '"x" 1/1 "%02X"' | tr x %)@repository.git

Explanation of: echo -n $GIT_PASSWORD | hexdump -v -e '"x" 1/1 "%02X"' | tr x %

  1. Print password: $GIT_PASSWORD <- hello
  2. Convert 'hello' to hex: hello <- x68x65x6Cx6Cx6F
  3. Change each 'x' to '%': x68x65x6Cx6Cx6F <- %68%65%6C%6C%6F
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You have to percent-encode | encode the special characters. E.g. instead of this:

http://user:Pa@s@http-gateway.domain.org:80

you write this:

http://user:Pa%40s@http-gateway.domain.org:80

So @ gets replaced with %40.


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