Object.defineProperties(Array.prototype, {
count: {
value: function(query) {
/*
Counts number of occurrences of query in array, an integer >= 0
Uses the javascript == notion of equality.
*/
var count = 0;
for(let i=0; i<this.length; i++)
if (this[i]==query)
count++;
return count;
}
}
});
< p >注意:
在原型上定义一个通用名称时应该谨慎。如果你控制你的代码,这很好,但如果每个人都想声明自己的[].count函数,特别是如果他们的行为不同,这就不好了。你可能会问自己“但是.count(query)听起来确实很完美和规范”……但是考虑也许你可以做一些类似[].count(x=> someExpr of x)的事情。在这种情况下,你可以定义诸如countIn(query, container)(在myModuleName.countIn下)之类的函数,或者[].myModuleName_count().
class Multiset extends Map {
constructor(...args) {
super(...args);
}
add(elem) {
if (!this.has(elem))
this.set(elem, 1);
else
this.set(elem, this.get(elem)+1);
}
remove(elem) {
var count = this.has(elem) ? this.get(elem) : 0;
if (count>1) {
this.set(elem, count-1);
} else if (count==1) {
this.delete(elem);
} else if (count==0)
throw `tried to remove element ${elem} of type ${typeof elem} from Multiset, but does not exist in Multiset (count is 0 and cannot go negative)`;
// alternatively do nothing {}
}
}
演示:
> counts = new Multiset([['a',1],['b',3]])
Map(2) {"a" => 1, "b" => 3}
> counts.add('c')
> counts
Map(3) {"a" => 1, "b" => 3, "c" => 1}
> counts.remove('a')
> counts
Map(2) {"b" => 3, "c" => 1}
> counts.remove('a')
Uncaught tried to remove element a of type string from Multiset, but does not exist in Multiset (count is 0 and cannot go negative)
function elementsCount(elementToFind, total, number){
return total += number==elementToFind;
}
var ar = [1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 8, 9, 2];
var elementToFind=2;
var result = ar.reduce(elementsCount.bind(this, elementToFind), 0);
这种方法的优点是可以很容易地更改函数,例如计算大于X的元素的数量。
还可以将reduce函数声明为内联的
var ar = [1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 8, 9, 2];
var elementToFind=2;
var result = ar.reduce(function (elementToFind, total, number){
return total += number==elementToFind;
}.bind(this, elementToFind), 0);
var arrayCount = [1,2,3,2,5,6,2,8];
var co = 0;
function findElement(){
arrayCount.find(function(value, index) {
if(value == 2)
co++;
});
console.log( 'found' + ' ' + co + ' element with value 2');
}
我会这样做:
var arrayCount = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8];
function countarr(){
var dd = 0;
arrayCount.forEach( function(s){
dd++;
});
console.log(dd);
}
注意,在JavaScript (JS)中进行比较时,应该始终使用三重等于===。三重等号确保JS比较在其他语言中表现得像双等号==(有一个例外,见下文)。下面的解决方案展示了如何用函数的方式解决这个问题,这将确保你永远不会有out of bounds error:
// Let has local scope
let array = [1, 2, 3, 5, 2, 8, 9, 2]
// Functional filter with an Arrow function
// Filter all elements equal to 2 and return the length (count)
array.filter(x => x === 2).length // -> 3