如何配置 Logback 将日志记录器的不同级别记录到不同的目的地？

如何配置 后退将不同级别的日志记录器记录到不同的目的地？

例如，给定以下 Logback 配置，Logback 是否将 INFO消息记录到 STDOUT，将 ERROR消息记录到 STDERR？

(注意，此示例是 第3章: 回溯配置中示例 logback-examples/src/main/java/chapters/configuration/sample4.xml的变体)。

<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>
%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<appender name="STDERR"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>
%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
<target>System.err</target>
</appender>
<!-- What is the effective level of "chapters.configuration"? -->
<logger name="chapters.configuration" level="INFO" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</logger>
<logger name="chapters.configuration" level="ERROR" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</logger>


<!-- turn OFF all logging (children can override) -->
<root level="OFF">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</configuration>
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最佳答案

更新: 有关使用 Groovy 的基于所有配置的方法，请参见 希勒院长的回答。

--

你可以用 重新登录过滤器做一些有趣的事情。下面的配置只会将警告和错误消息打印到 stderr，并将其他所有内容打印到 stdout。

Xml

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<target>System.out</target>
<filter class="com.foo.StdOutFilter" />
...
</appender>


<appender name="stderr" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<target>System.err</target>
<filter class="com.foo.ErrOutFilter" />
...
</appender>


<logger name="mylogger" level="debug">
<appender-ref ref="stdout" />
<appender-ref ref="stderr" />
</logger>

StdOutFilter

public class StdOutFilter extends ch.qos.logback.core.filter.AbstractMatcherFilter
{


@Override
public FilterReply decide(Object event)
{
if (!isStarted())
{
return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
}


LoggingEvent loggingEvent = (LoggingEvent) event;


List<Level> eventsToKeep = Arrays.asList(Level.TRACE, Level.DEBUG, Level.INFO);
if (eventsToKeep.contains(loggingEvent.getLevel()))
{
return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
}
else
{
return FilterReply.DENY;
}
}


}

错误过滤器

public class ErrOutFilter extends ch.qos.logback.core.filter.AbstractMatcherFilter
{


@Override
public FilterReply decide(Object event)
{
if (!isStarted())
{
return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
}


LoggingEvent loggingEvent = (LoggingEvent) event;


List<Level> eventsToKeep = Arrays.asList(Level.WARN, Level.ERROR);
if (eventsToKeep.contains(loggingEvent.getLevel()))
{
return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
}
else
{
return FilterReply.DENY;
}
}


}
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我使用 logback.groovy 配置 logback，但也可以使用 xml 配置:

import static ch.qos.logback.classic.Level.*
import static ch.qos.logback.core.spi.FilterReply.DENY
import static ch.qos.logback.core.spi.FilterReply.NEUTRAL
import ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.GEventEvaluator
import ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder
import ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender
import ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter


def patternExpression = "%date{ISO8601} [%5level] %msg%n"


appender("STDERR", ConsoleAppender) {
filter(EvaluatorFilter) {
evaluator(GEventEvaluator) {
expression = 'e.level.toInt() >= WARN.toInt()'
}
onMatch = NEUTRAL
onMismatch = DENY
}
encoder(PatternLayoutEncoder) {
pattern = patternExpression
}
target = "System.err"
}


appender("STDOUT", ConsoleAppender) {
filter(EvaluatorFilter) {
evaluator(GEventEvaluator) {
expression = 'e.level.toInt() < WARN.toInt()'
}
onMismatch = DENY
onMatch = NEUTRAL
}
encoder(PatternLayoutEncoder) {
pattern = patternExpression
}
target = "System.out"
}


logger("org.hibernate.type", WARN)
logger("org.hibernate", WARN)
logger("org.springframework", WARN)


root(INFO,["STDERR","STDOUT"])

我认为使用 GEventevalator 更简单，因为不需要创建过滤器类。
我为我的英语道歉！

小开

好的，这是我最喜欢的 xml 方法。我这样做是为了日食版本，这样我就可以

  • 点击东西带我到日志语句和
  • 请看信息和下面的黑色和警告/严重的红色

由于某种原因，SO 没有正确地显示这一切，但大多数似乎都在那里..。

<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="30 seconds">


<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
<evaluator class="ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.GEventEvaluator">
<expression>
e.level.toInt() &lt;= INFO.toInt()
</expression>
</evaluator>
<OnMismatch>DENY</OnMismatch>
<OnMatch>NEUTRAL</OnMatch>
</filter>


<encoder>
<pattern>%date{ISO8601} %X{sessionid}-%X{user} %caller{1} %-4level: %message%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>warn</level>
</filter>


<encoder>
<pattern>%date{ISO8601} %X{sessionid}-%X{user} %caller{1} %-4level: %message%n</pattern>
</encoder>
<target>System.err</target>
</appender>


<root>
<level value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
<appender-ref ref="STDERR"/>
</root>
</configuration>
小开

这是我使用的配置，它工作得很好，它基于 XML + JaninoEventevalator (需要将 Janino库添加到类路径中)

<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%date | [%-5level] in [%file:%line] - %msg %n</pattern>
</encoder>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
<evaluator class="ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.JaninoEventEvaluator">
<expression>
level &lt;= INFO
</expression>
</evaluator>
<OnMismatch>DENY</OnMismatch>
<OnMatch>NEUTRAL</OnMatch>
</filter>
</appender>
<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<target>System.err</target>
<encoder>
<pattern>%date | [%-5level] in [%file:%line] - %msg %n</pattern>
</encoder>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
</filter>
</appender>


<root level="DEBUG">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</root>
</configuration>
小开

我相信这将是最简单的解决方案:

<configuration>
<contextName>selenium-plugin</contextName>
<!-- Logging configuration -->
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<Target>System.out</Target>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] [%level] %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<Target>System.err</Target>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] [%level] [%thread] %logger{10} [%file:%line] %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
<appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</root>
</configuration>
小开

基于配置的解决方案仅 ，使用 ThreldFilter 和 LevelFilter 保持 很容易理解:

<configuration>
<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<target>System.err</target>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>%date %level [%thread] %logger %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<target>System.out</target>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>DEBUG</level>
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
</filter>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
</filter>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>TRACE</level>
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
</filter>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
<onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
</filter>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
<onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>%date %level [%thread] %logger %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</root>
</configuration>
小开 
<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="60 seconds">
<appender name="A1" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${storm.log.dir}/${logfile.name}</file>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${storm.log.dir}/${logfile.name}.%i</fileNamePattern>
<minIndex>1</minIndex>
<maxIndex>9</maxIndex>
</rollingPolicy>


<triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
<maxFileSize>100MB</maxFileSize>
</triggeringPolicy>


<encoder>
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ} %c{1} [%p] %m%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="ACCESS" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${storm.log.dir}/access.log</file>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${storm.log.dir}/access.log.%i</fileNamePattern>
<minIndex>1</minIndex>
<maxIndex>9</maxIndex>
</rollingPolicy>


<triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
<maxFileSize>100MB</maxFileSize>
</triggeringPolicy>


<encoder>
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSZZ} %c{1} [%p] %m%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="METRICS" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${storm.log.dir}/metrics.log</file>
<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.FixedWindowRollingPolicy">
<fileNamePattern>${storm.log.dir}/logs/metrics.log.%i</fileNamePattern>
<minIndex>1</minIndex>
<maxIndex>9</maxIndex>
</rollingPolicy>


<triggeringPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy">
<maxFileSize>2MB</maxFileSize>
</triggeringPolicy>


<encoder>
<pattern>%d %-8r %m%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="A1"/>
</root>


<logger name="backtype.storm.security.auth.authorizer" additivity="false">
<level value="INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="ACCESS" />
</logger>


<logger name="backtype.storm.metric.LoggingMetricsConsumer" additivity="false" >
<level value="INFO"/>
<appender-ref ref="METRICS"/>
</logger>


</configuration>


So here is the logback file in which I am not printing backtype.storm.metric.LoggingMetricsConsumer info level if i say additivity = "true" then for for all classes in backtype.* this rule will be applied
小开

最简单的解决方案是在附加项上使用 ThresholdFilter:

    <appender name="..." class="...">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
</filter>

完整的例子:

<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d %-5level: %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
</filter>
<target>System.err</target>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d %-5level: %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<root>
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</root>
</configuration>

更新: 正如 Mike 在评论中指出的，带有 ERROR 级别的消息在这里同时打印到 STDOUT 和 STDERR。但不确定观察所的目的是什么。如果这不是你想要的，你可以试试迈克的答案。

小开

这个答案不是我的功劳，因为它只是上面两个最好的答案的组合: X. Wo Satuk 和 Sébastien Helbert 的答案: ThresholdFilter很可爱，但是你不能把它配置为既有较高的水平又有较低的水平 * ，但是把它和两个设置为“ DENY”WARN和 ERROR的 LevelFilters组合起来就是一种享受。

非常重要的 : 不要忘记 STDERR 附件中的 <target>System.err</target>标签: 我遗漏了它，这让我沮丧了几分钟。

<configuration>
<timestamp key="byDay" datePattern="yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss" />
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
</filter>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
<onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
</filter>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
<onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36}.%M\(%line\)
- %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
</filter>
<target>System.err</target>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36}.%M\(%line\)
- %msg%n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<root level="debug">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</root>
</configuration>

* it does have a method decide in the 空气污染指数 but I haven’t a idea how you’d use it in this context。

小开

如何将级别为“ INFO”或更高的彩色消息输出到 控制台，将级别为“ WARN”或更高的消息输出到 文件的示例。

你的 Xml档案:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>


<configuration>
<include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml"/>


<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>INFO</level>


<!--output messages of exact level only-->
<!--<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>-->
<!--<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>-->
</filter>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MMM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %highlight(%-5level) %cyan(%logger{15}) - %msg %n
</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender">
<file>myfile.log</file>
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
</filter>
<append>true</append>
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{yyyy-MMM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level [%thread] %logger{15} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
<appender-ref ref="FILE"/>
</root>
</configuration>
小开

试试这个。您可以只使用内置的 ThresholdFilter和 LevelFilter。不需要通过编程创建自己的过滤器。在这个示例中，WARN 和 ERROR 级别被记录到 System.err，rest 被记录到 System.out:

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<!-- deny ERROR level -->
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
<onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
</filter>
<!-- deny WARN level -->
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
<onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
</filter>
<target>System.out</target>
<immediateFlush>true</immediateFlush>
<encoder>
<charset>utf-8</charset>
<pattern>${msg_pattern}</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<appender name="stderr" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<!-- deny all events with a level below WARN, that is INFO, DEBUG and TRACE -->
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>WARN</level>
</filter>
<target>System.err</target>
<immediateFlush>true</immediateFlush>
<encoder>
<charset>utf-8</charset>
<pattern>${msg_pattern}</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender>


<root level="WARN">
<appender-ref ref="stderr"/>
</root>


<root level="TRACE">
<appender-ref ref="stdout"/>
</root>

小开

不需要编程。配置使您的生活更容易。

下面是将不同级别的日志记录到不同文件的配置

<property name="DEV_HOME" value="./logs" />


<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
</filter>
<layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
<Pattern>
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level - %msg%n
</Pattern>
</layout>
</appender>


<appender name="FILE-ERROR"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${DEV_HOME}/app-error.log</file>
<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
<Pattern>
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level - %msg%n
</Pattern>
</encoder>


<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- rollover daily -->
<fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app-error.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
</rollingPolicy>


<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>ERROR</level>
<!--output messages of exact level only -->
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
</filter>
</appender>
<appender name="FILE-INFO"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${DEV_HOME}/app-info.log</file>
<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
<Pattern>
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level - %msg%n
</Pattern>
</encoder>


<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- rollover daily -->
<fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app-info.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
</rollingPolicy>




<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>INFO</level>
<!--output messages of exact level only -->
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
</filter>
</appender>




<appender name="FILE-DEBUG"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${DEV_HOME}/app-debug.log</file>
<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
<Pattern>
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
</Pattern>
</encoder>


<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- rollover daily -->
<fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app-debug.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
</rollingPolicy>


<filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
<level>DEBUG</level>
<!--output messages of exact level only -->
<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
</filter>
</appender>


<appender name="FILE-ALL"
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
<file>${DEV_HOME}/app.log</file>
<encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
<Pattern>
%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
</Pattern>
</encoder>


<rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
<!-- rollover daily -->
<fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
</fileNamePattern>
<timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
<maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
</timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
</rollingPolicy>
</appender>


<logger name="com.abc.xyz" level="DEBUG" additivity="true">
<appender-ref ref="FILE-DEBUG" />
<appender-ref ref="FILE-INFO" />
<appender-ref ref="FILE-ERROR" />
<appender-ref ref="FILE-ALL" />
</logger>


<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>


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