在 iOS13中没有调用应用程序委托方法

我正在使用 Xcode 11并为 iOS 13建立一个应用程序。在我在 Xcode 创建的一个新项目中，一些用户界面应用/代理方法丢失了，所以我把它们重新添加到应用程序代理文件中。“单视图应用程序”项目的新模板缺少方法。问题是，除了 -application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:之外，没有一个委托方法被调用。下面是我的应用程序代表:

@implementation AppDelegate


- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
NSLog(@"application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:");
return YES;
}


- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@"applicationDidEnterBackground:");
}


- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application {
NSLog(@"applicationWillEnterForeground:");
}
#pragma mark - UISceneSession lifecycle


- (UISceneConfiguration *)application:(UIApplication *)application configurationForConnectingSceneSession:(UISceneSession *)connectingSceneSession options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)options {
return [[UISceneConfiguration alloc] initWithName:@"Default Configuration" sessionRole:connectingSceneSession.role];
}


- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didDiscardSceneSessions:(NSSet<UISceneSession *> *)sceneSessions {
}


@end
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小开

iOS 13 has a new way of sending app lifecycle events. Instead of coming through the UIApplicationDelegate they come through the UIWindowSceneDelegate which is a UISceneDelegate sub-protocol. UISceneDelegate has the important delegate methods.

This change is to support multiple windows in iOS 13. There's more information in WWDC 2019 session 212 "Introducing Multiple Windows on iPad". The technical information starts at around 14:30 and is presented by a man with very sparkly high-tops. The shorter session 258 Architecting Your App for Multiple Windows also has a great introduction to what's changed.

Here's how it works: If you have an "Application Scene Manifest" in your Info.plist and your app delegate has a configurationForConnectingSceneSession method, the UIApplication won't send background and foreground lifecycle messages to your app delegate. That means the code in these methods won't run:

  • applicationDidBecomeActive
  • applicationWillResignActive
  • applicationDidEnterBackground
  • applicationWillEnterForeground

The app delegate will still receive the willFinishLaunchingWithOptions: and didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: method calls so any code in those methods will work as before.

If you want the old behaviour back you need to

  1. Delete the "Application Scene Manifest" entry from the app's Info.plist
  2. Comment or delete the application:configurationForConnectingSceneSession:options: method (or the Swift application(_:configurationForConnecting:options:)function)
  3. Add the window property back to your app delegate (@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;)

Alternatively, open the SceneDelegate file that Xcode made and use the new lifecycle methods in there:

- (void)sceneDidBecomeActive:(UIScene *)scene {
}
- (void)sceneWillResignActive:(UIScene *)scene {
}
... etc

It's possible to use the new UIScene lifecycle stuff without adopting multiple window support by setting "Enable Multiple Windows" ("UIApplicationSupportsMultipleScenes") to "NO" in the Info.plist (this is the default for new projects). This way you can start adopting the new API in smaller steps.

You can see that the scene delegate method names are a close match for the app delegate ones. One confusing thing is that the app delegate methods aren't deprecated so you won't get a warning if you have both app delegate and scene delegate methods in place but only one will be called.

Other things that UISceneDelegate takes over are user activities (continueUserActivity: etc), state restoration (stateRestorationActivityForScene: etc), status bar questions and opening URLs. (I'm not sure if these replace the app delegate methods). It also has analogous notifications for the lifecycle events (like UISceneWillDeactivateNotification).

From the WWDC Session, some images for you:

The function equivalents for Swift:

enter image description here

The class responsibilities:

enter image description here

小开

This thread helped me:

View controller responds to app delegate notifications in iOS 12 but not in iOS 13

Objective C:

if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(appWillResignActive:)
name:UISceneWillDeactivateNotification object:nil];


[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(appDidBecomeActive:)
name:UISceneDidActivateNotification object:nil];


}
else {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(appWillResignActive:)
name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification object:nil];




[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]addObserver:self
selector:@selector(appDidBecomeActive:)
name:UIApplicationDidBecomeActiveNotification
object:nil];
}
小开

Application and scene lifecycle is not the same thing!

enter image description here

In my opinion, disabling calls of application state change methods (as well as sending application state change notifications on change the state of each scene) is a mistake, even though there was an understandable intention to force programmers to adapt to the new scenes lifecycle.

Here is a scene delegate template restoring the expected calls of application state change methods of the application delegate:

@available(iOS 13.0, *)
class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate {
    

func sceneWillResignActive(_ scene: UIScene) {
        

if !UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes.contains(where: { $0.activationState == .foregroundActive && $0 != scene }) {
UIApplication.shared.delegate?.applicationWillResignActive?(.shared)
}
}
    

    

func sceneDidEnterBackground(_ scene: UIScene) {
        

if !UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes.contains(where: { $0.activationState == .foregroundActive || $0.activationState == .foregroundInactive }) {
UIApplication.shared.delegate?.applicationDidEnterBackground?(.shared)
}
}
    

    

func sceneWillEnterForeground(_ scene: UIScene) {
        

if !UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes.contains(where: { $0.activationState == .foregroundActive || $0.activationState == .foregroundInactive }) {
UIApplication.shared.delegate?.applicationWillEnterForeground?(.shared)
}
}
    

    

func sceneDidBecomeActive(_ scene: UIScene) {
        

if !UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes.contains(where: { $0.activationState == .foregroundActive && $0 != scene }) {
UIApplication.shared.delegate?.applicationDidBecomeActive?(.shared)
}
}
}

SceneDelegate.swift


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