反向外键过滤的 Django 查询集

我有以下的姜戈模型:

class Make:
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)


class MakeContent:
make = models.ForeignKey(Make)
published = models.BooleanField()

我想知道是否有可能(不直接编写 SQL)生成一个查询集，其中包含所有 Make和每个相关的 MakeContent，其中 published = True。

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最佳答案

Django doesn't support the select_related() method for reverse foreign key lookups, so the best you can do without leaving Python is two database queries. The first is to grab all the Makes that contain MakeContents where published = True, and the second is to grab all the MakeContents where published = True. You then have to loop through and arrange the data how you want it. Here's a good article about how to do this:

http://blog.roseman.org.uk/2010/01/11/django-patterns-part-2-efficient-reverse-lookups/

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Yes, I think you want

make = Make.objects.get(pk=1)
make.make_content_set.filter(published=True)

or maybe

make_ids = MakeContent.objects.filter(published=True).values_list('make_id', flat=True)
makes = Make.objects.filter(id__in=make_ids)
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Let me translate Spike's worded answer into codes for future viewers. Please note that each 'Make' can have zero to multiple 'MakeContent'

If the asker means to query 'Make' with AT LEAST ONE 'MakeContent' whose published=True, then Jason Christa's 2nd snippet answers the question.

The snippet is equivalent to

makes = Make.objects.select_related().filter(makecontent__published=True).distinct()

But if the asker means to query 'Make' with ALL 'MakeContent' whose published=True, then following the 'makes' above,

import operator
make_ids = [m.id for m in makes if
reduce(operator.and_, [c.published for c in m.makecontent_set.all()] )
]
makes_query = Make.objects.filter(id__in=make_ids)

contains the desired query.

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I know this is very old question, but I am answering. As I think my answer can help others. I have changed the model a bit as follows. I have used Django 1.8.

class Make(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=200)


class MakeContent(models.Model):
make = models.ForeignKey(Make, related_name='makecontent')
published = models.BooleanField()

I have used the following queryset.

Make.objects.filter(makecontent__published=True)

Hope it will help.

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One more time, it is not clear what was the question, but if it was desired that all related MakeContent objects must have been published this can work:

Make.objects.exclude(MakeContent_set__published=False)

And if at least one of them (as it was in other answers):

Make.objects.filter(MakeContent_set__published=True)

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