如何将向量传递给函数？

我试着把一个向量作为一个函数的参数，但是我不知道怎么让它工作。尝试了许多不同的方法，但它们都提供了不同的错误消息。 我只包含了代码的一部分，因为只有这一部分不能工作。 (向量“随机”填充了0到200之间的随机值，但是进行了排序)

更新了代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>


using namespace std;


int binarySearch(int first, int last, int search4, vector<int>& random);


int main()
{
vector<int> random(100);


int search4, found;
int first = 0;
int last = 99;


found = binarySearch(first, last, search4, random);


system("pause");
return(0);
}


int binarySearch(int first, int last, int search4, vector<int>& random)
{
do
{
int mid = (first + last) / 2;
if (search4 > random[mid])
first = mid + 1;
else if (search4 < random[mid])
last = mid - 1;
else
return mid;
} while (first <= last);


return -(first + 1);
}
281306 次浏览
小开 
found = binarySearch(first, last, search4, &random);

Notice the &.

小开

You're passing in a pointer *random but you're using it like a reference &random

The pointer (what you have) says "This is the address in memory that contains the address of random"

The reference says "This is the address of random"

小开

You're using the argument as a reference but actually it's a pointer. Change vector<int>* to vector<int>&. And you should really set search4 to something before using it.

小开
最佳答案

It depends on if you want to pass the vector as a reference or as a pointer (I am disregarding the option of passing it by value as clearly undesirable).

As a reference:

int binarySearch(int first, int last, int search4, vector<int>& random);


vector<int> random(100);
// ...
found = binarySearch(first, last, search4, random);

As a pointer:

int binarySearch(int first, int last, int search4, vector<int>* random);


vector<int> random(100);
// ...
found = binarySearch(first, last, search4, &random);

Inside binarySearch, you will need to use . or -> to access the members of random correspondingly.

Issues with your current code

  1. binarySearch expects a vector<int>*, but you pass in a vector<int> (missing a & before random)
  2. You do not dereference the pointer inside binarySearch before using it (for example, random[mid] should be (*random)[mid]
  3. You are missing using namespace std; after the <include>s
  4. The values you assign to first and last are wrong (should be 0 and 99 instead of random[0] and random[99]
小开

You'll have to pass the pointer to the vector, not the vector itself. Note the additional '&' here:

found = binarySearch(first, last, search4, &random);
小开

If you use random instead of * random your code not give any error

小开

Anytime you're tempted to pass a collection (or pointer or reference to one) to a function, ask yourself whether you couldn't pass a couple of iterators instead. Chances are that by doing so, you'll make your function more versatile (e.g., make it trivial to work with data in another type of container when/if needed).

In this case, of course, there's not much point since the standard library already has perfectly good binary searching, but when/if you write something that's not already there, being able to use it on different types of containers is often quite handy.


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