List of all available matplotlib backends

You can access the lists

matplotlib.rcsetup.interactive_bk
matplotlib.rcsetup.non_interactive_bk
matplotlib.rcsetup.all_backends

the third being the concatenation of the former two. If I read the source code correctly, those lists are hard-coded though, and don't tell you what backends are actually usable. There is also

matplotlib.rcsetup.validate_backend(name)

but this also only checks against the hard-coded list.

You could look at the following folder for a list of possible backends...

/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends
/usr/lib64/Python2.6/site-packages/matplotlib/backends

There is the hard-coded list mentioned by Sven, but to find every backend which Matplotlib can use (based on the current implementation for setting up a backend) the matplotlib/backends folder can be inspected.

The following code does this:

import matplotlib.backends
import os.path


def is_backend_module(fname):
"""Identifies if a filename is a matplotlib backend module"""
return fname.startswith('backend_') and fname.endswith('.py')


def backend_fname_formatter(fname):
"""Removes the extension of the given filename, then takes away the leading 'backend_'."""
return os.path.splitext(fname)[0][8:]


# get the directory where the backends live
backends_dir = os.path.dirname(matplotlib.backends.__file__)


# filter all files in that directory to identify all files which provide a backend
backend_fnames = filter(is_backend_module, os.listdir(backends_dir))


backends = [backend_fname_formatter(fname) for fname in backend_fnames]


print backends

Here is a modification of the script posted previously. It finds all supported backends, validates them and measures their fps. On OSX it crashes python when it comes to tkAgg, so use at your own risk ;)

from __future__ import print_function, division, absolute_import
from pylab import *
import time


import matplotlib.backends
import matplotlib.pyplot as p
import os.path




def is_backend_module(fname):
"""Identifies if a filename is a matplotlib backend module"""
return fname.startswith('backend_') and fname.endswith('.py')


def backend_fname_formatter(fname):
"""Removes the extension of the given filename, then takes away the leading 'backend_'."""
return os.path.splitext(fname)[0][8:]


# get the directory where the backends live
backends_dir = os.path.dirname(matplotlib.backends.__file__)


# filter all files in that directory to identify all files which provide a backend
backend_fnames = filter(is_backend_module, os.listdir(backends_dir))


backends = [backend_fname_formatter(fname) for fname in backend_fnames]


print("supported backends: \t" + str(backends))


# validate backends
backends_valid = []
for b in backends:
try:
p.switch_backend(b)
backends_valid += [b]
except:
continue


print("valid backends: \t" + str(backends_valid))




# try backends performance
for b in backends_valid:


ion()
try:
p.switch_backend(b)




clf()
tstart = time.time()               # for profiling
x = arange(0,2*pi,0.01)            # x-array
line, = plot(x,sin(x))
for i in arange(1,200):
line.set_ydata(sin(x+i/10.0))  # update the data
draw()                         # redraw the canvas


print(b + ' FPS: \t' , 200/(time.time()-tstart))
ioff()


except:
print(b + " error :(")

To just see supported interactive backends see:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib


backends = matplotlib.rcsetup.interactive_bk
# validate backends
backends_valid = []
for b in backends:
try:
plt.switch_backend(b)
backends_valid += [b]
except:
continue
print(backends_valid)

You can also see some documentation for a few backends here:

http://matplotlib.org/api/index_backend_api.html

the pages lists just a few backends, some of them don't have a proper documentation:

matplotlib.backend_bases
matplotlib.backends.backend_gtkagg
matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg
matplotlib.backends.backend_wxagg
matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf
matplotlib.dviread
matplotlib.type1font

You can pretend to put a wrong backend argument, then it will return you a ValueError with the list of valid matplotlib backends, like this:

Input:

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('WRONG_ARG')

Output:

ValueError: Unrecognized backend string 'test': valid strings are ['GTK3Agg', 'GTK3Cairo', 'MacOSX', 'nbAgg', 'Qt4Agg', 'Qt4Cairo', 'Qt5Agg', 'Qt
5Cairo', 'TkAgg', 'TkCairo', 'WebAgg', 'WX', 'WXAgg', 'WXCairo', 'agg', 'cairo', 'pdf', 'pgf', 'ps', 'svg', 'template']

What about this?

%matplotlib --list
Available matplotlib backends: ['tk', 'gtk', 'gtk3', 'wx', 'qt4', 'qt5', 'qt', 'osx', 'nbagg', 'notebook', 'agg', 'svg', 'pdf', 'ps', 'inline', 'ipympl', 'widget']