Pip install. 只创建 dist-info 而不是包

我试图使一个 Python 包，我想安装使用 pip install .本地。包名在 pip freeze中列出，但是 import <package>会导致错误 No module named <package>。而且 site-package 文件夹只包含 dist-info 文件夹。find_packages()能够找到包。我错过了什么？

import io
import os
import sys
from shutil import rmtree


from setuptools import find_packages, setup, Command


# Package meta-data.
NAME = '<package>'
DESCRIPTION = 'description'
URL = ''
EMAIL = 'email'
AUTHOR = 'name'


# What packages are required for this module to be executed?
REQUIRED = [
# 'requests', 'maya', 'records',
]


# The rest you shouldn't have to touch too much :)
# ------------------------------------------------
# Except, perhaps the License and Trove Classifiers!
# If you do change the License, remember to change the Trove Classifier for that!


here = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))






# Where the magic happens:
setup(
name=NAME,
#version=about['__version__'],
description=DESCRIPTION,
# long_description=long_description,
author=AUTHOR,
author_email=EMAIL,
url=URL,
packages=find_packages(),
# If your package is a single module, use this instead of 'packages':
# py_modules=['mypackage'],


# entry_points={
#     'console_scripts': ['mycli=mymodule:cli'],
# },
install_requires=REQUIRED,
include_package_data=True,
license='MIT',
classifiers=[
# Trove classifiers
# Full list: https://pypi.python.org/pypi?%3Aaction=list_classifiers
'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',
'Programming Language :: Python',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy'
],


)
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小开

If you are on Windows 10+, one way you could make sure that you had all the correct installations was to click start in the bottom left-hand corner and search cmd.exe and right-click on "Command Prompt" (Make sure you choose "Run as Administrator"). Type "cd path to your Python 3.X installation". You can find this path in File Explorer (go to the folder where Python is installed) and then at the top. Copy this, and put it in where I wrote above path to your Python 3.X installation. Once you do that and click enter, type "python -m pip install package" (package signifies the package you would like to install). Your Python program should now work perfectly.

小开

Since the question has become quite popular, here are the diagnosis steps to go through when you're missing files after installation. Imagine having an example project with the following structure:

root
├── spam
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── data.txt
│   ├── eggs.py
│   └── fizz
│       ├── __init__.py
│       └── buzz.py
├── bacon.py
└── setup.py

Now I run pip install ., check that the package is installed:

$ pip list
Package    Version
---------- -------
mypkg      0.1
pip        19.0.1
setuptools 40.6.3
wheel      0.32.3

but see neither spam, nor spam/eggs.py nor bacon.py nor spam/fizz/buzz.py in the list of files belonging to the installed package:

$ pip show -f mypkg
Name: mypkg
Version: 0.1
...
Files:
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/DESCRIPTION.rst
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/metadata.json
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt

So what to do now?

Diagnose by inspecting the wheel build log

Unless told not to do so, pip will always try to build a wheel file and install your package from it. We can inspect the log for the wheel build process if reinstalling in the verbose mode. First step is to uninstall the package:

$ pip uninstall -y mypkg
...

then install it again, but now with an additional argument:

$ pip install . -vvv
...

Now if I inspect the log:

$ pip install . -vvv | grep 'adding'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD'

I notice that no files from the spam directory or bacon.py are mentioned anywhere. This means they were simply not included in the wheel file and hence not installed by pip. The most common error sources are:

Missing packages: check the packages argument

Verify you have passed the packages argument to the setup function. Check that you have mentioned all of the packages that should be installed. Subpackages will not be collected automatically if only the parent package is mentioned! For example, in the setup script

from setuptools import setup


setup(
name='mypkg',
version='0.1',
packages=['spam']
)

spam will be installed, but not spam.fizz because it is a package itself and must be mentioned explicitly. Fixing it:

from setuptools import setup


setup(
name='mypkg',
version='0.1',
packages=['spam', 'spam.fizz']
)

If you have lots of packages, use setuptools.find_packages to automate the process:

from setuptools import find_packages, setup


setup(
name='mypkg',
version='0.1',
packages=find_packages()  # will return a list ['spam', 'spam.fizz']
)

In case you are missing a module:

Missing modules: check the py_modules argument

In the above examples, I will be missing bacon.py after installation since it doesn't belong to any package. I have to provide its module name in the separate argument py_modules:

from setuptools import find_packages, setup


setup(
name='mypkg',
version='0.1',
packages=find_packages(),
py_modules=['bacon']
)

Missing data files: check the package_data argument

I have all the source code files in place now, but the data.txt file is still not installed. Data files located under package directories should be added via the package_data argument. Fixing the above setup script:

from setuptools import find_packages, setup


setup(
name='mypkg',
version='0.1',
packages=find_packages(),
package_data={'spam': ['data.txt']},
py_modules=['bacon']
)

Don't be tempted to use the data_files argument. Place the data files under a package and configure package_data instead.

After fixing the setup script, verify the package files are in place after installation

If I now reinstall the package, I will notice all of the files are added to the wheel:

$ pip install . -vvv | grep 'adding'
adding 'bacon.py'
adding 'spam/__init__.py'
adding 'spam/data.txt'
adding 'spam/eggs.py'
adding 'spam/fizz/__init__.py'
adding 'spam/fizz/buzz.py'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt'
adding 'mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD'

They will also be visible in the list of files belonging to mypkg:

$ pip show -f mypkg
Name: mypkg
Version: 0.1
...
Files:
__pycache__/bacon.cpython-36.pyc
bacon.py
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/INSTALLER
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/METADATA
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/RECORD
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/WHEEL
mypkg-0.1.dist-info/top_level.txt
spam/__init__.py
spam/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-36.pyc
spam/__pycache__/eggs.cpython-36.pyc
spam/data.txt
spam/eggs.py
spam/fizz/__init__.py
spam/fizz/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-36.pyc
spam/fizz/__pycache__/buzz.cpython-36.pyc
spam/fizz/buzz.py
小开

For me, I noticed something weird if you do this:

# Not in the setup.py directory
python /path/to/folder/setup.py bdist_wheel

It will only install the .dist-info folder in your site-packages folder when you install the wheel.

However, if you do this:

cd /path/to/folder \
&& python setup.py bdist_wheel

The wheel will include all your files.

小开

I had the same problem, and updating setuptools helped:

python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel

After that, reinstall the package, and it should work fine :)

小开

Make certain that your src files are in example_package_YOUR_USERNAME_HERE (this is the example package name that is used in the docs) and not in src. Errantly putting the files in src can have the effect described in the question.

Reference: https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/tutorials/packaging-projects/

The package should be set up like this:

packaging_tutorial/
└── src/
└── example_package_YOUR_USERNAME_HERE/
├── __init__.py
└── example.py

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