sorting a vector of structs

I have a vector<data> info where data is defined as:

struct data{
string word;
int number;
};

I need to sort info by the length of the word strings. Is there a quick and simple way to do it?

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Just make a comparison function/functor:

bool my_cmp(const data& a, const data& b)
{
// smallest comes first
return a.word.size() < b.word.size();
}


std::sort(info.begin(), info.end(), my_cmp);

Or provide an bool operator<(const data& a) const in your data class:

struct data {
string word;
int number;


bool operator<(const data& a) const
{
return word.size() < a.word.size();
}
};

or non-member as Fred said:

struct data {
string word;
int number;
};


bool operator<(const data& a, const data& b)
{
return a.word.size() < b.word.size();
}

and just call std::sort():

std::sort(info.begin(), info.end());
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最佳答案

Use a comparison function:

bool compareByLength(const data &a, const data &b)
{
return a.word.size() < b.word.size();
}

and then use std::sort in the header #include <algorithm>:

std::sort(info.begin(), info.end(), compareByLength);
小开

Yes: you can sort using a custom comparison function:

std::sort(info.begin(), info.end(), my_custom_comparison);

my_custom_comparison needs to be a function or a class with an operator() overload (a functor) that takes two data objects and returns a bool indicating whether the first is ordered prior to the second (i.e., first < second). Alternatively, you can overload operator< for your class type data; operator< is the default ordering used by std::sort.

Either way, the comparison function must yield a strict weak ordering of the elements.

小开

As others have mentioned, you could use a comparison function, but you can also overload the < operator and the default less<T> functor will work as well:

struct data {
string word;
int number;
bool operator < (const data& rhs) const {
return word.size() < rhs.word.size();
}
};

Then it's just:

std::sort(info.begin(), info.end());

Edit

As James McNellis pointed out, sort does not actually use the less<T> functor by default. However, the rest of the statement that the less<T> functor will work as well is still correct, which means that if you wanted to put struct datas into a std::map or std::set this would still work, but the other answers which provide a comparison function would need additional code to work with either.


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