对象字段更改的 LiveData 更新

小开

For your observer get notified you should use setValue if you do this user.getValue().setFirstName(user.getValue().getFirstName() + " A "); your observer will not be notified !

View Model

public MutableLiveData<User> getUser() {
return user;
}

Activity / Fragment

mModel = ViewModelProviders.of(this).get(InfoViewModel.class);
mModel.getUser().observe(this, s -> {
// User has been modified
});

Somewhere in your activity / fragment

This will trigger the observer :

mModel.getUser().setValue(user);

If you want to update only one field from an object instead of update the whole object you should have multiples MutableLiveData<String>

// View Model
private MutableLiveData<String>         firstName;
private MutableLiveData<String>         lastName;


//Somewhere in your code
mModel.getFirstName().setValue(user.getValue().getFirstName() + " A ");
mModel.getFirstName().observe(this, s -> {
// Firstname has been modified
});

小开

最佳答案

I don't think there is any best practice as such recommended by android for this. I would suggest you to use the approach which uses cleaner & less boilerplate code.

If you are using android data binding along with LiveData you can go with the following approach:

Your POJO object would look something like this

public class User extends BaseObservable {
private String firstName;
private String lastName;


@Bindable
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}


public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
notifyPropertyChanged(BR.firstName);
}


@Bindable
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}


public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
notifyPropertyChanged(BR.lastName);
}
}

So you would be already having a class which notifies whenever its property changes. So you can just make use of this property change callback in your MutableLiveData to notify its observer. You can create a custom MutableLiveData for this

public class CustomMutableLiveData<T extends BaseObservable>
extends MutableLiveData<T> {




@Override
public void setValue(T value) {
super.setValue(value);


//listen to property changes
value.addOnPropertyChangedCallback(callback);
}


Observable.OnPropertyChangedCallback callback = new Observable.OnPropertyChangedCallback() {
@Override
public void onPropertyChanged(Observable sender, int propertyId) {


//Trigger LiveData observer on change of any property in object
setValue(getValue());


}
};




}

Then all you need to do is use this CustomMutableLiveData instead of MutableLiveData in your View Model

public class InfoViewModel extends AndroidViewModel {


CustomMutableLiveData<User> user = new CustomMutableLiveData<>();
-----
-----

So by doing this you can notify both view & LiveData observer with little change to existing code. Hope it helps

小开

When using MVVM and LiveData, you can re-bind the object to the layout so it will trigger all changes on the UI.

Given "user" is a MutableLiveData<User> in the ViewModel

ViewModel

class SampleViewModel : ViewModel() {
val user = MutableLiveData<User>()


fun onChange() {
user.value.firstname = "New name"
user.value = user.value // force postValue to notify Observers
// can also use user.postValue()
}
}

Activity/Fragment file:

viewModel = ViewModelProviders
.of(this)
.get(SampleViewModel::class.java)


// when viewModel.user changes, this observer get notified and re-bind
// the user model with the layout.
viewModel.user.observe(this, Observer {
binding.user = it //<- re-binding user
})

Your layout file shouldn't change:

<data>
<variable
name="user"
type="com.project.model.User" />
</data>


...


<TextView
android:id="@+id/firstname"
android:text="@{user.firstname}"
/>

小开

If you are using Kotlin and LiveData, I can offer you 2 ways - with and without extension fucntion:

Without extension function

liveData.value = liveData.value?.also { it ->
// Modify your object here. Data will be auto-updated
it.name = "Ed Khalturin"
it.happyNumber = 42
}

Same, but with extension

// Extension. CopyPaste it anywhere in your project
fun <T> MutableLiveData<T>.mutation(actions: (MutableLiveData<T>) -> Unit) {
actions(this)
this.value = this.value
}


// Usage
liveData.mutation {
it.value?.name = "Ed Khalturin"
it.value?.innerClass?.city= "Moscow" // it works with inner class too
}

小开

How can I make sure when some filed in user object changes observers get notified? BTW it is important to me to keep this data in the separate object and not use primary values like Strings in my ViewModel.

You can use androidx.lifecyle.Transformation class to monitor for individual fields.

val user = MutableLiveData<User>();
//to monitor for User.Name
val firstName: LiveData<String>  = Transformations.map(user) {it.firstName}
val lastName: LiveData<String>  = Transformations.map(user) {it.lastName}

you update user as per normal, and listen for firstname/lastname to monitor for changes in those fields.

小开

From reddit - @cedrickc's answer :

add an extension function to MutableLiveData:

fun <T> MutableLiveData<T>.modifyValue(transform: T.() -> T) {
this.value = this.value?.run(transform)
}

小开

Simple Easy Solution in 2021 (also works for StateFlow):

The key point here is, .value must be changed to a Different Object (reference), so that the binding ui will get updated.

//Your model
data class Student(val name: String)


//Your ViewModel class
fun onStudentClick() {
val newName = "Kate"    //change field/property


_student.value = _student.value.copy(name = newName)    //must be different object!!
}