How to round a numpy array?

小开

最佳答案

Numpy provides two identical methods to do this. Either use

np.round(data, 2)

or

np.around(data, 2)

as they are equivalent.

See the documentation for more information.

Examples:

>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.array([0.015, 0.235, 0.112])
>>> np.round(a, 2)
array([0.02, 0.24, 0.11])
>>> np.around(a, 2)
array([0.02, 0.24, 0.11])
>>> np.round(a, 1)
array([0. , 0.2, 0.1])

小开

If you want the output to be

array([1.6e-01, 9.9e-01, 3.6e-04])

the problem is not really a missing feature of NumPy, but rather that this sort of rounding is not a standard thing to do. You can make your own rounding function which achieves this like so:

def my_round(value, N):
exponent = np.ceil(np.log10(value))
return 10**exponent*np.round(value*10**(-exponent), N)

For a general solution handling 0 and negative values as well, you can do something like this:

def my_round(value, N):
value = np.asarray(value).copy()
zero_mask = (value == 0)
value[zero_mask] = 1.0
sign_mask = (value < 0)
value[sign_mask] *= -1
exponent = np.ceil(np.log10(value))
result = 10**exponent*np.round(value*10**(-exponent), N)
result[sign_mask] *= -1
result[zero_mask] = 0.0
return result

小开

It is worth noting that the accepted answer will round small floats down to zero as demonstrated below:

>>> import numpy as np
>>> arr = np.asarray([2.92290007e+00, -1.57376965e-03, 4.82011728e-08, 1.92896977e-12])
>>> print(arr)
[ 2.92290007e+00 -1.57376965e-03  4.82011728e-08  1.92896977e-12]
>>> np.round(arr, 2)
array([ 2.92, -0.  ,  0.  ,  0.  ])

You can use set_printoptions and a custom formatter to fix this and get a more numpy-esque printout with fewer decimal places:

>>> np.set_printoptions(formatter={'float': "{0:0.2e}".format})
>>> print(arr)
[2.92e+00 -1.57e-03 4.82e-08 1.93e-12]

This way, you get the full versatility of format and maintain the precision of numpy's datatypes.

Also note that this only affects printing, not the actual precision of the stored values used for computation.