有没有办法自动安装Android SDK ?

现在我必须下载并安装Android SDK和AVD管理器,然后通过UI安装api,工具。有没有办法使这个过程自动化?

75644 次浏览

更新

最新版本引入了sdkmanager,这是一个命令行工具,允许您查看、安装、更新和卸载Android SDK包。

sdkmanager工具是在Android SDK工具包(25.2.3及以上)中提供的,位于android_sdk/tools/bin/中。

  sdkmanager [--uninstall] [<common args>] [--package_file <file>] [<packages>...]
sdkmanager --update [<common args>]
sdkmanager --list [<common args>]
sdkmanager --licenses [<common args>]


In its first form, installs, or uninstalls, or updates packages.
By default, the listed packages are installed or (if already installed)
updated to the latest version.


--uninstall: uninstalled listed packages.


<package> is a sdk-style path (e.g. "build-tools;23.0.0" or
"platforms;android-23").
<package-file> is a text file where each line is a sdk-style path
of a package to install or uninstall.
Multiple --package_file arguments may be specified in combination
with explicit paths.


In its second form (with --update), all installed packages are
updated to the latest version.


In its third form, all installed and available packages are printed
out.


In its fourth form (with --licenses), show and offer the option to
accept licenses for all available packages that have not already been
accepted.


Common Arguments:
--sdk_root=<sdkRootPath>: Use the specified SDK root instead of the SDK
containing this tool


--channel=<channelId>: Include packages in channels up to <channelId>.
Common channels are:
0 (Stable), 1 (Beta), 2 (Dev), and 3 (Canary).


--include_obsolete: With --list, show obsolete packages in the
package listing. With --update, update obsolete
packages as well as non-obsolete.


--no_https: Force all connections to use http rather than https.


--proxy=<http | socks>: Connect via a proxy of the given type.


--proxy_host=<IP or DNS address>: IP or DNS address of the proxy to use.


--proxy_port=<port #>: Proxy port to connect to.


* If the env var REPO_OS_OVERRIDE is set to "windows",
"macosx", or "linux", packages will be downloaded for that OS.

因此,要更新运行的包

sdkmanager --update

为了接受许可证,

yes | sdkmanager --licenses

旧的答案

(请注意:android命令已弃用!)

你离自动化越近的可能是:

android update sdk --no-ui

android为自动更新提供了以下选项:

Action "update sdk":
Updates the SDK by suggesting new platforms to install if available.
Options:
-f --force    Forces replacement of a package or its parts, even if something has been modified
-u --no-ui    Updates from command-line (does not display the GUI)
-o --obsolete Installs obsolete packages
-t --filter   A filter that limits the update to the specified types of packages in the form of
a comma-separated list of [platform, tool, platform-tool, doc, sample, extra]
-s --no-https Uses HTTP instead of HTTPS (the default) for downloads
-n --dry-mode Simulates the update but does not download or install anything

如果您想要列出可用于安装的软件包,则可以使用

android list sdk

例如,您将获得一个有序的包列表

Packages available for installation or update: 9
1- ARM EABI v7a System Image, Android API 15, revision 2
2- Intel x86 Atom System Image, Android API 15, revision 1
3- Android Support, revision 8
4- Google AdMob Ads SDK, revision 6
5- Google Analytics SDK, revision 2
6- Google Play APK Expansion Library, revision 1
7- Google Play Billing Library, revision 2
8- Google Play Licensing Library, revision 2
9- Google Web Driver, revision 2

此外,如果使用--filter选项,可以将更新限制在所需的组件上

android update sdk --filter <component> --no-ui

哪个组件是一个或多个

  • android list sdk(即1,也称为包指数)返回的数字
  • 附加组件
  • 医生
  • 额外的
  • 平台
  • platform-tool
  • 样本
  • 系统映像
  • 工具

或可以是一个或多个特定的标识符。例如,如果你只想下载一小部分特定的软件包,你可以这样做:

android update sdk -u --filter platform-tools,android-16,extra-android-support

您将获得平台工具、API级别16和支持包JAR文件。如果您只是构建一个构建机器,并且必须为下载所有您永远不会使用的额外内容付费,那么这非常方便。

要查看您可以使用的可用选项,例如help

android --help list sdk


Usage:
android [global options] list sdk [action options]
Global options:
-h --help       : Help on a specific command.
-v --verbose    : Verbose mode, shows errors, warnings and all messages.
--clear-cache: Clear the SDK Manager repository manifest cache.
-s --silent     : Silent mode, shows errors only.


Action "list sdk":
Lists remote SDK repository.
Options:
-o --obsolete  : Deprecated. Please use --all instead.
-a --all       : Lists all available packages (including obsolete and
installed ones)
--proxy-host: HTTP/HTTPS proxy host (overrides settings if defined)
--proxy-port: HTTP/HTTPS proxy port (overrides settings if defined)
-s --no-https  : Uses HTTP instead of HTTPS (the default) for downloads.
-e --extended  : Displays extended details on each package
-u --no-ui     : Displays list result on console (no GUI) [Default: true]

这对我没用……

echo "y" | android ....

所以我在这里结束了:

expect -c '
set timeout -1   ;
spawn sudo /opt/android-sdk/tools/android update sdk -u;
expect {
"Do you accept the license" { exp_send "y\r" ; exp_continue }
eof
}
'

要回答所有带有'y'的许可证,您可以在脚本中尝试这样做:

(while :
do
echo 'y'
sleep 2
done) | android update sdk -u .....

我用它来安装和更新特拉维斯CI上的SDK:

curl --location http://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r22.3-linux.tgz | tar -x -z -C $HOME
export ANDROID_HOME=$HOME/android-sdk-linux
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools
( sleep 5 && while [ 1 ]; do sleep 1; echo y; done ) | android update sdk --no-ui --filter platform-tool,android-19,sysimg-19,build-tools-19.0.1

对于那些还在寻找下载所有Android软件包的方法的人,我已经写了一个脚本来完成这个任务。它将下载所有non-obsoleted包。

#!/binbash
# Install all non-obsolete Android SDK packages.
# author: Tai Le Tien (letientai299 at gmail.com)


function install_sdk {
android update sdk -u -s -a -t "$1"
}


function fetch_non_obsoled_package_indices {
# Fetch the SDK list using non-https connections
android list sdk -u -s -a |\
# Filter obsoleted packages
sed '/\(Obsolete\)/d' |\
# Filter to take only the index number of package
sed 's/^[ ]*\([0-9]*\).*/\1/' |\
# Remove the empty lines
sed -n 's/^[^ $]/\0/p'
}


for package_index in  $(fetch_non_obsoled_package_indices)
do
echo "====================================================================="
echo "Start to install package:  ${package_index}"
echo "====================================================================="
# Auto accept license
echo -e "y" | install_sdk "${package_index}"
echo
echo
done

你也可以在我的GitHub库上看到它

优点:

  • 不依赖expect
  • 无头的。

缺点:

  • 你仍然需要手动安装基本的SDK,并将android放入你的路径中。
  • 该脚本只能在Unix上运行。

一个脚本只下载需要的,非{过时的,source, emultor -image, doc}包:

#!/bin/bash
set -e


# cd into where tools/android can be found
if [[ -d "$ANDROID_HOME" ]]; then
cd "$ANDROID_HOME"
elif [[ -x "$(dirname "$0")/tools/android" ]]; then
cd "$(dirname "$0")"
else
echo "FAILED: Cannot find ANDROID_HOME/tools/android"
exit 1
fi


android () {
"$(dirname $0)/tools/android" "$@"
}


needed_packages () {
android list sdk -u -s -e         \
| grep '^id:'                   \
| cut -d'"' -f2                 \
| grep -v 'source'              \
| grep -v 'sys-img'             \
| grep -v 'doc'                 \
| paste -d, -s -
}


main () {
(while : ; do
echo 'y'
sleep 1
done) | android update sdk -u -s -a -t "$(needed_packages)"
}


main

有些部分摘自其他答案。

Android插件的Gradle版本2.2.0开始,缺少SDK组件自动下载. txt。

在更新的Android版本中(例如,25.2.5),我们应该使用sdkmanager(而不是android命令)。

安装包示例:

android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager "extras;android;m2repository"

命令获取所有可用包的列表:

android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager --verbose --list

这个网页列出了SDK-tools的下载链接:

下面是一个开源存储库docker-android的链接,它可以在Docker镜像中安装android。

你也可以在这个SO问题:自动接受所有SDK许可证中找到有用的答案。

对于一个Android开发新手,但是一个有经验的Java开发人员来说,如果你克服了前面所有的噩梦,知道哪一个依赖关系,甚至真的是令人困惑的。

我的一个同事建议我使用Android Studio(基于IntelliJ IDEA:) 具体地说,因为上面的噩梦。

我听从了他的建议。

但我不接受默认安装,并试图将其安装在我的软件驱动器中。结果却是一场噩梦。SDK对话框似乎挂起了,一点也不直观。所以我才会来这里。

在阅读以上内容后,我再次尝试Studio,这一次它接受了安装的默认值所有

您看……它照顾了所有的SDK依赖(我猜是核心的)在几个对话中没有提示,即Ctrl + 转变 + 年代和SDK。

因此,我向新手推荐它。下面是布丁下载后的证明:

Enter image description here

我下载并安装的Studio版本:

Enter image description here

windows版本:

Enter image description here

在它做了好事之后:

Enter image description here

要在Windows上自动执行sdkmanager.bat --licenses提示符(假设你正在通过自动安装构建基础设施)…不要运行它。不要浪费时间试图弄清楚如何将y插入其中。我试着;可怜的失败。

相反,自己运行一次,并注意它会将文件生成到C:\android\android-sdk\licenses(在这里您正在运行C:\android\android-sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat -您的安装根可能不同)。

获取这些文件,并将它们放在您可以在自动设置脚本中获取它们的地方。就我个人而言,Ansible是我的毒药,所以:

# Note to future-us:
# These are magical files generated by running `c:/android/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager.bat --licenses`
# This, delightfully, is interactive, and wants to _actually_ read the keyboard buffer.
# That's reputedly possible via SendKeys. I elected to not try that.
# So, instead:
# 1) remote to an instance like a cave-dweller
# 2) run `c:/android/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager.bat --licenses` in a prompt.
# 3) _actually type_ `y` however many godforsaken times you need to.
# 4) meticulously harvest `c:/android/android-sdk/licenses/*` to this task.
#    (you don't need the newline that they thoughtfully put before the hash in each file).
- name: set up android licenses by hand
win_lineinfile:
path: c:/android/android-sdk/licenses/\{\{ item.name }}
line: "\{\{ item.line }}"
create: true
with_items:
- {name: "android-googletv-license", line: "SOME HASH"}
- {name: "android-sdk-license", line: "SOME OTHER HASH"}
...

我也对此感到沮丧,并构建了一个名为com.quittle.setup-android-sdk的Gradle插件,它将检测和安装你需要的东西。它可以在Windows, OS X和Linux上工作,如果你用Gradle构建,它不需要任何额外的依赖。

如果你感兴趣,你可以在这里签出我的文档:https://github.com/quittle/gradle-setup-android-sdk