在.Net 核心中使用 app.config

我有一个问题，我需要在.Net Core (C #)中编写一个程序，它使用 app.config 如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="custom" type="ConfigurationSample.CustomConfigurationSection, ConfigurationSample"/>
</configSections>
<connectionStrings>
<add name="sampleDatabase" connectionString="Data Source=localhost\SQLExpress;Initial Catalog=SampleDatabase;Integrated Security=True"/>
</connectionStrings>
<appSettings>
<add key="sampleApplication" value="Configuration Sample"/>
</appSettings>
<custom>
<customConfigurations>
<add key="customSample" name="Mickey Mouse" age="83"/>
</customConfigurations>
</custom>
</configuration>

我写道:

string connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["sampleDatabase"].ConnectionString;
Console.WriteLine(connectionString);


// read appSettings configuration
string appSettingValue = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["sampleApplication"];
Console.WriteLine(appSettingValue);

这是一个来自互联网的例子，所以我认为会奏效，但我得到了例外:

System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException: 'Error Initializing the configuration system.'
Inner Exception
TypeLoadException: Could not load type 'System.Configuration.InternalConfigurationHost' from assembly 'CoreCompat.System.Configuration, Version=4.2.3.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null' because the method 'get_bundled_machine_config' has no implementation (no RVA).

我通过 NuGet-Install-Package CoreCompat 下载的。系统。Configuration-Version 4.2.3-r4-Pre and still don’t work。也许有人能帮我？

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小开
最佳答案

  1. You can use Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration API with any .NET Core app, not only with ASP.NET Core app. Look into sample provided in the link, that shows how to read configs in the console app.

  2. In most cases, the JSON source (read as .json file) is the most suitable config source.

    Note: don't be confused when someone says that config file should be appsettings.json. You can use any file name, that is suitable for you and file location may be different - there are no specific rules.

    But, as the real world is complicated, there are a lot of different configuration providers:

    • File formats (INI, JSON, and XML)
    • Command-line arguments
    • Environment variables

    and so on. You even could use/write a custom provider.

  3. Actually, app.config configuration file was an XML file. So you can read settings from it using XML configuration provider (source on github, nuget link). But keep in mind, it will be used only as a configuration source - any logic how your app behaves should be implemented by you. Configuration Provider will not change 'settings' and set policies for your apps, but only read data from the file.

小开

It is possible to use your usual System.Configuration even in .NET Core 2.0 on Linux. Try this test example:

  1. Created a .NET Standard 2.0 Library (say MyLib.dll)
  2. Added the NuGet package System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager v4.4.0. This is needed since this package isn't covered by the meta-package NetStandard.Library v2.0.0 (I hope that changes)
  3. All your C# classes derived from ConfigurationSection or ConfigurationElement go into MyLib.dll. For example MyClass.cs derives from ConfigurationSection and MyAccount.cs derives from ConfigurationElement. Implementation details are out of scope here but Google is your friend.
  4. Create a .NET Core 2.0 app (e.g. a console app, MyApp.dll). .NET Core apps end with .dll rather than .exe in Framework.
  5. Create an app.config in MyApp with your custom configuration sections. This should obviously match your class designs in #3 above. For example:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="myCustomConfig" type="MyNamespace.MyClass, MyLib" />
</configSections>
<myCustomConfig>
<myAccount id="007" />
</myCustomConfig>
</configuration>

That's it - you'll find that the app.config is parsed properly within MyApp and your existing code within MyLib works just fine. Don't forget to run dotnet restore if you switch platforms from Windows (dev) to Linux (test).

Also, the location of app.config at runtime is different than what was in .net framework, instead of "projectName.exe.config". It is now "projectName.dll.config" in .net core.

Additional workaround for test projects

If you're finding that your App.config is not working in your test projects, you might need this snippet in your test project's .csproj (e.g. just before the ending </Project>). It basically copies App.config into your output folder as testhost.dll.config so dotnet test picks it up.

  <!-- START: This is a buildtime work around for https://github.com/dotnet/corefx/issues/22101 -->
<Target Name="CopyCustomContent" AfterTargets="AfterBuild">
<Copy SourceFiles="App.config" DestinationFiles="$(OutDir)\testhost.dll.config" />
</Target>
<!-- END: This is a buildtime work around for https://github.com/dotnet/corefx/issues/22101 -->
小开

I have a .Net Core 3.1 MSTest project with similar issue. This post provided clues to fix it.

Breaking this down to a simple answer for .Net core 3.1:

  • add/ensure nuget package: System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager to project
  • add your app.config(xml) to project.

If it is a MSTest project:

  • rename file in project to testhost.dll.config

    OR

  • Use post-build command provided by DeepSpace101


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