void
PyBytes_ConcatAndDel(register PyObject **pv, register PyObject *w)
{
PyBytes_Concat(pv, w);
Py_XDECREF(w);
}
/* The following function breaks the notion that strings are immutable:
it changes the size of a string. We get away with this only if there
is only one module referencing the object. You can also think of it
as creating a new string object and destroying the old one, only
more efficiently. In any case, don't use this if the string may
already be known to some other part of the code...
Note that if there's not enough memory to resize the string, the original
string object at *pv is deallocated, *pv is set to NULL, an "out of
memory" exception is set, and -1 is returned. Else (on success) 0 is
returned, and the value in *pv may or may not be the same as on input.
As always, an extra byte is allocated for a trailing \0 byte (newsize
does *not* include that), and a trailing \0 byte is stored.
*/
int
_PyBytes_Resize(PyObject **pv, Py_ssize_t newsize)
{
register PyObject *v;
register PyBytesObject *sv;
v = *pv;
if (!PyBytes_Check(v) || Py_REFCNT(v) != 1 || newsize < 0) {
*pv = 0;
Py_DECREF(v);
PyErr_BadInternalCall();
return -1;
}
/* XXX UNREF/NEWREF interface should be more symmetrical */
_Py_DEC_REFTOTAL;
_Py_ForgetReference(v);
*pv = (PyObject *)
PyObject_REALLOC((char *)v, PyBytesObject_SIZE + newsize);
if (*pv == NULL) {
PyObject_Del(v);
PyErr_NoMemory();
return -1;
}
_Py_NewReference(*pv);
sv = (PyBytesObject *) *pv;
Py_SIZE(sv) = newsize;
sv->ob_sval[newsize] = '\0';
sv->ob_shash = -1; /* invalidate cached hash value */
return 0;
}
凭经验验证很容易。
$ python -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(10):s+='a'"
1000000 loops, best of 3: 1.85 usec per loop
$ python -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(100):s+='a'"
10000 loops, best of 3: 16.8 usec per loop
$ python -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(1000):s+='a'"
10000 loops, best of 3: 158 usec per loop
$ python -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(10000):s+='a'"
1000 loops, best of 3: 1.71 msec per loop
$ python -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(100000):s+='a'"
10 loops, best of 3: 14.6 msec per loop
$ python -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(1000000):s+='a'"
10 loops, best of 3: 173 msec per loop
$ pypy -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(10):s+='a'"
10000 loops, best of 3: 90.8 usec per loop
$ pypy -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(100):s+='a'"
1000 loops, best of 3: 896 usec per loop
$ pypy -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(1000):s+='a'"
100 loops, best of 3: 9.03 msec per loop
$ pypy -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(10000):s+='a'"
10 loops, best of 3: 89.5 msec per loop
到目前为止还不错但是…
$ pypy -m timeit -s"s=''" "for i in xrange(100000):s+='a'"
10 loops, best of 3: 12.8 sec per loop