是否可以使用 JS 打开一个 HTML 选择以显示其选项列表？

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最佳答案

不幸的是，这个问题的答案很简单，那就是“不”

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我很确定答案是: 不。您可以使用 JavaScript 选择选项，但不能打开 select。你必须使用自定义解决方案。

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我遇到了这个问题，找到了一个可行的解决办法。

我不希望选择框显示，直到用户点击一些普通的 HTML。所以我用 opacity=.01覆盖了 select 元素。点击后，我把它改回 opacity=100。这允许我隐藏选择，当用户单击文本时，选择显示出来，并显示选项。

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我使用这个... 但它需要用户点击选择框..。

下面是两个 javascript 函数

function expand(obj)
{
obj.size = 5;
}
function unexpand(obj)
{
obj.size = 1;
}

然后创建选择框

<select id="test" multiple="multiple" name="foo" onFocus="expand(this)" onBlur="unexpand(this)">
<option >option1</option>
<option >option2</option>
<option >option3</option>
<option >option4</option>
<option >option5</option>
</select>

我知道这个代码有点晚了，但我希望它能帮助和我有同样问题的人。

提醒一下我没有测试上面的代码(我动态创建我的选择框) ，我写的代码只在 FireFox 中测试。

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这是非常晚，但我认为它可能是有用的人，他们可以参考这个问题。我相信下面的 JS 会做的要求。

<script>
$(document).ready(function()
{
document.getElementById('select').size=3;
});
</script>

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//use jquery
$select.trigger('mousedown')

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这在谷歌浏览器上是可行的

dropDown = function (elementId) {
var dropdown = document.getElementById(elementId);
try {
showDropdown(dropdown);
} catch(e) {


}
return false;
};


showDropdown = function (element) {
var event;
event = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');
event.initMouseEvent('mousedown', true, true, window);
element.dispatchEvent(event);
};

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我提供的解决方案是安全、简单的，并且与 Internet Explorer、火狐和 Chrome 兼容。

这种方法是新的和完整的。我在网上找不到比这更好的解决方案了。简单，跨浏览器(Internet Explorer，Chrome 和 Firefox) ，保留布局，使用选择本身，易于使用。

注意: 需要 JQuery。

HTML 代码

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>CustonSelect</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./jquery-1.3.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./CustomSelect.js"></script>
</head>
<div id="testDiv"></div>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<select id="Select0" >
<option value="0000">0000</option>
<option value="0001">0001</option>
<option value="0002">0002</option>
<option value="0003">0003</option>
<option value="0004">0004</option>
<option value="0005">0005</option>
<option value="0006">0006</option>
<option value="0007">0007</option>
<option value="0008">0008</option>
<option value="0009">0009</option>
<option value="0010">0010</option>
<option value="0011">0011</option>
<option value="0012">0012</option>
<option value="0013">0013</option>
<option value="0014">0014</option>
<option value="0015">0015</option>
<option value="0016">0016</option>
<option value="0017">0017</option>
<option value="0018">0018</option>
<option value="0019">0019</option>
<option value="0020">0020</option>
<option value="0021">0021</option>
<option value="0022">0022</option>
<option value="0023">0023</option>
<option value="0024">0024</option>
<option value="0025">0025</option>
<option value="0026">0026</option>
<option value="0027">0027</option>
<option value="0028">0028</option>
<option value="0029">0029</option>
<option value="0030">0030</option>
<option value="0031">0031</option>
<option value="0032">0032</option>
<option value="0033">0033</option>
<option value="0034">0034</option>
<option value="0035">0035</option>
<option value="0036">0036</option>
<option value="0037">0037</option>
<option value="0038">0038</option>
<option value="0039">0039</option>
<option value="0040">0040</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<select id="Select1" >
<option value="0000">0000</option>
<option value="0001">0001</option>
<option value="0002">0002</option>
<option value="0003">0003</option>
<option value="0004">0004</option>
<option value="0005">0005</option>
<option value="0006">0006</option>
<option value="0007">0007</option>
<option value="0008">0008</option>
<option value="0009">0009</option>
<option value="0010">0010</option>
<option value="0011">0011</option>
<option value="0012">0012</option>
<option value="0013">0013</option>
<option value="0014">0014</option>
<option value="0015">0015</option>
<option value="0016">0016</option>
<option value="0017">0017</option>
<option value="0018">0018</option>
<option value="0019">0019</option>
<option value="0020">0020</option>
<option value="0021">0021</option>
<option value="0022">0022</option>
<option value="0023">0023</option>
<option value="0024">0024</option>
<option value="0025">0025</option>
<option value="0026">0026</option>
<option value="0027">0027</option>
<option value="0028">0028</option>
<option value="0029">0029</option>
<option value="0030">0030</option>
<option value="0031">0031</option>
<option value="0032">0032</option>
<option value="0033">0033</option>
<option value="0034">0034</option>
<option value="0035">0035</option>
<option value="0036">0036</option>
<option value="0037">0037</option>
<option value="0038">0038</option>
<option value="0039">0039</option>
<option value="0040">0040</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<select id="Select2" >
<option value="0000">0000</option>
<option value="0001">0001</option>
<option value="0002">0002</option>
<option value="0003">0003</option>
<option value="0004">0004</option>
<option value="0005">0005</option>
<option value="0006">0006</option>
<option value="0007">0007</option>
<option value="0008">0008</option>
<option value="0009">0009</option>
<option value="0010">0010</option>
<option value="0011">0011</option>
<option value="0012">0012</option>
<option value="0013">0013</option>
<option value="0014">0014</option>
<option value="0015">0015</option>
<option value="0016">0016</option>
<option value="0017">0017</option>
<option value="0018">0018</option>
<option value="0019">0019</option>
<option value="0020">0020</option>
<option value="0021">0021</option>
<option value="0022">0022</option>
<option value="0023">0023</option>
<option value="0024">0024</option>
<option value="0025">0025</option>
<option value="0026">0026</option>
<option value="0027">0027</option>
<option value="0028">0028</option>
<option value="0029">0029</option>
<option value="0030">0030</option>
<option value="0031">0031</option>
<option value="0032">0032</option>
<option value="0033">0033</option>
<option value="0034">0034</option>
<option value="0035">0035</option>
<option value="0036">0036</option>
<option value="0037">0037</option>
<option value="0038">0038</option>
<option value="0039">0039</option>
<option value="0040">0040</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<select id="Select3" >
<option value="0000">0000</option>
<option value="0001">0001</option>
<option value="0002">0002</option>
<option value="0003">0003</option>
<option value="0004">0004</option>
<option value="0005">0005</option>
<option value="0006">0006</option>
<option value="0007">0007</option>
<option value="0008">0008</option>
<option value="0009">0009</option>
<option value="0010">0010</option>
<option value="0011">0011</option>
<option value="0012">0012</option>
<option value="0013">0013</option>
<option value="0014">0014</option>
<option value="0015">0015</option>
<option value="0016">0016</option>
<option value="0017">0017</option>
<option value="0018">0018</option>
<option value="0019">0019</option>
<option value="0020">0020</option>
<option value="0021">0021</option>
<option value="0022">0022</option>
<option value="0023">0023</option>
<option value="0024">0024</option>
<option value="0025">0025</option>
<option value="0026">0026</option>
<option value="0027">0027</option>
<option value="0028">0028</option>
<option value="0029">0029</option>
<option value="0030">0030</option>
<option value="0031">0031</option>
<option value="0032">0032</option>
<option value="0033">0033</option>
<option value="0034">0034</option>
<option value="0035">0035</option>
<option value="0036">0036</option>
<option value="0037">0037</option>
<option value="0038">0038</option>
<option value="0039">0039</option>
<option value="0040">0040</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<select id="Select4" >
<option value="0000">0000</option>
<option value="0001">0001</option>
<option value="0002">0002</option>
<option value="0003">0003</option>
<option value="0004">0004</option>
<option value="0005">0005</option>
<option value="0006">0006</option>
<option value="0007">0007</option>
<option value="0008">0008</option>
<option value="0009">0009</option>
<option value="0010">0010</option>
<option value="0011">0011</option>
<option value="0012">0012</option>
<option value="0013">0013</option>
<option value="0014">0014</option>
<option value="0015">0015</option>
<option value="0016">0016</option>
<option value="0017">0017</option>
<option value="0018">0018</option>
<option value="0019">0019</option>
<option value="0020">0020</option>
<option value="0021">0021</option>
<option value="0022">0022</option>
<option value="0023">0023</option>
<option value="0024">0024</option>
<option value="0025">0025</option>
<option value="0026">0026</option>
<option value="0027">0027</option>
<option value="0028">0028</option>
<option value="0029">0029</option>
<option value="0030">0030</option>
<option value="0031">0031</option>
<option value="0032">0032</option>
<option value="0033">0033</option>
<option value="0034">0034</option>
<option value="0035">0035</option>
<option value="0036">0036</option>
<option value="0037">0037</option>
<option value="0038">0038</option>
<option value="0039">0039</option>
<option value="0040">0040</option>
</select>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<input type="button" id="Button0" value="MoveLayout!"/>
</body>
</html>

JAVASCRIPT 代码

var customSelectFields = new Array();




// Note: The list of selects to be modified! By Questor
customSelectFields[0] = "Select0";
customSelectFields[1] = "Select1";
customSelectFields[2] = "Select2";
customSelectFields[3] = "Select3";
customSelectFields[4] = "Select4";


$(document).ready(function()
{




//Note: To debug! By Questor
$("#Button0").click(function(event){ AddTestDiv(); });


StartUpCustomSelect(null);


});




//Note: To test! By Questor
function AddTestDiv()
{
$("#testDiv").append("<div style=\"width:100px;height:100px;\"></div>");
}




//Note: Startup selects customization scheme! By Questor
function StartUpCustomSelect(what)
{


for (i = 0; i < customSelectFields.length; i++)
{


$("#" + customSelectFields[i] + "").click(function(event){ UpCustomSelect(this); });
$("#" + customSelectFields[i] + "").wrap("<div id=\"selectDiv_" + customSelectFields[i] + "\" onmouseover=\"BlockCustomSelectAgain();\" status=\"CLOSED\"></div>").parent().after("<div id=\"coverSelectDiv_" + customSelectFields[i] + "\" onclick=\"UpOrDownCustomSelect(this);\" onmouseover=\"BlockCustomSelectAgain();\"></div>");




//Note: Avoid breaking the layout when the CSS is modified from "position" to "absolute" on the select! By Questor
$("#" + customSelectFields[i] + "").parent().css({'width': $("#" + customSelectFields[i] + "")[0].offsetWidth + 'px', 'height': $("#" + customSelectFields[i] + "")[0].offsetHeight + 'px'});


BlockCustomSelect($("#" + customSelectFields[i] + ""));


}
}




//Note: Repositions the div that covers the select using the "onmouseover" event so
//Note: if element on the screen move the div always stand over it (recalculate! By Questor
function BlockCustomSelectAgain(what)
{
for (i = 0; i < customSelectFields.length; i++)
{
if($("#" + customSelectFields[i] + "").parent().attr("status") == "CLOSED")
{
BlockCustomSelect($("#" + customSelectFields[i] + ""));
}
}
}




//Note: Does not allow the select to be clicked or clickable! By Questor
function BlockCustomSelect(what)
{


var coverSelectDiv = $(what).parent().next();




//Note: Ensures the integrity of the div style! By Questor
$(coverSelectDiv).removeAttr('style');




//Note: To resolve compatibility issues! By Questor
var backgroundValue = "";
var filerValue = "";
if(navigator.appName == "Microsoft Internet Explorer")
{
backgroundValue = 'url(fakeimage)';
filerValue = 'progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.AlphaImageLoader(enabled=true, sizingMethod=\'scale\', src=\'fakeimage\' )';
}




//Note: To debug! By Questor
//'border': '5px #000 solid',


$(coverSelectDiv).css({
'position': 'absolute',
'top': $(what).offset().top + 'px',
'left': $(what).offset().left + 'px',
'width': $(what)[0].offsetWidth + 'px',
'height': $(what)[0].offsetHeight + 'px',
'background': backgroundValue,
'-moz-background-size':'cover',
'-webkit-background-size':'cover',
'background-size':'cover',
'filer': filerValue
});


}




//Note: Allow the select to be clicked or clickable! By Questor
function ReleaseCustomSelect(what)
{


var coverSelectDiv = $(what).parent().next();


$(coverSelectDiv).removeAttr('style');
$(coverSelectDiv).css({'display': 'none'});


}




//Note: Open the select! By Questor
function DownCustomSelect(what)
{




//Note: Avoid breaking the layout. Avoid that select events be overwritten by the others! By Questor
$(what).css({
'position': 'absolute',
'z-index': '100'
});




//Note: Open dropdown! By Questor
$(what).attr("size","10");


ReleaseCustomSelect(what);




//Note: Avoids the side-effect of the select loses focus.! By Questor
$(what).focus();




//Note: Allows you to select elements using the enter key when the select is on focus! By Questor
$(what).keyup(function(e){
if(e.keyCode == 13)
{
UpCustomSelect(what);
}
});




//Note: Closes the select when loses focus! By Questor
$(what).blur(function(e){
UpCustomSelect(what);
});


$(what).parent().attr("status", "OPENED");


}




//Note: Close the select! By Questor
function UpCustomSelect(what)
{


$(what).css("position","static");




//Note: Close dropdown! By Questor
$(what).attr("size","1");


BlockCustomSelect(what);


$(what).parent().attr("status", "CLOSED");


}




//Note: Closes or opens the select depending on the current status! By Questor
function UpOrDownCustomSelect(what)
{


var customizedSelect = $($(what).prev().children()[0]);


if($(what).prev().attr("status") == "CLOSED")
{
DownCustomSelect(customizedSelect);
}
else if($(what).prev().attr("status") == "OPENED")
{
UpCustomSelect(customizedSelect);
}


}

小开

在尝试解决这个问题一段时间后，我设法找到了一个同样有效的解决方案:

var event = new MouseEvent('mousedown');
element.dispatchEvent(event);

我也尝试过在 Jquery 中实现这一点，使用 trigger和 mousedown或仅使用 mousedown，但没有成功。

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<select id="myDropDown">
<option>html5</option>
<option>javascript</option>
<option>jquery</option>
<option>css</option>
<option>sencha</option>
</select>

作者: jQuery:

var myDropDown=$("#myDropDown");
var length = $('#myDropDown> option').length;
//open dropdown
myDropDown.attr('size',length);
//close dropdown
myDropDown.attr('size',0);

来自 javascript:

var myDropDown=document.getElementById("myDropDown");
var length = myDropDown.options.length;
//open dropdown
myDropDown.size = length;
//close dropdown
myDropDown.size = 0;

复制自: 打开关闭选择