使用 jq 向现有 JSON 数组添加新元素

我想使用 jq``add命令将一个元素附加到 JSON 文件中的一个数组中，但是它不起作用。

report-2017-01-07.json文件:

{
"report": "1.0",
"data": {
"date": "2010-01-07",
"messages": [
{
"date": "2010-01-07T19:58:42.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "OK",
"message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfully"
},
{
"date": "2010-01-07T20:22:46.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "NOK",
"message": "metadata duplicated into iRODS"
},
{
"date": "2010-01-07T22:11:55.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "NOK",
"message": "metadata was not validated by XSD schema"
}
]
}
}

我正在使用这个命令:

$ cat report-2017-01-07.json
| jq -s '.data.messages {"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z", "xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml", "status": "OKKK", "message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"}'
jq: error: syntax error, unexpected '{', expecting $end (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 1:
.data.messages {"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z", "xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml", "status": "OKKK", "message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"}
jq: 1 compile error

下面是我希望输出的样子:

{
"report": "1.0",
"data": {
"date": "2010-01-07",
"messages": [{
"date": "2010-01-07T19:58:42.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "OK",
"message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfully"
}, {
"date": "2010-01-07T20:22:46.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "NOK",
"message": "metadata duplicated into iRODS"
}, {
"date": "2010-01-07T22:11:55.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "NOK",
"message": "metadata was not validated by XSD schema"
}, {
"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "OKKKKKKK",
"message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"
}]
}
}
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最佳答案

The |= .+ part in the filter adds a new element to the existing array. You can use jq with filter like:

jq '.data.messages[3] |= . + {"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z", "xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml", "status": "OKKK", "message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"}' inputJson

To avoid using the hardcoded length value 3 and dynamically add a new element, use . | length which returns the length, which can be used as the next array index, i.e.,

jq '.data.messages[.data.messages| length] |= . + {"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z", "xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml", "status": "OKKK", "message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"}' inputJson

(or) as per peak's suggestion in the comments, using the += operator alone

jq '.data.messages += [{"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z", "xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml", "status": "OKKK", "message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"}]'

which produces the output you need:

{
"report": "1.0",
"data": {
"date": "2010-01-07",
"messages": [
{
"date": "2010-01-07T19:58:42.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "OK",
"message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfully"
},
{
"date": "2010-01-07T20:22:46.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "NOK",
"message": "metadata duplicated into iRODS"
},
{
"date": "2010-01-07T22:11:55.949Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "NOK",
"message": "metadata was not validated by XSD schema"
},
{
"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "OKKK",
"message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"
}
]
}
}

Use jq-play to dry-run your jq-filter and optimize any way you want.

小开

Rather than using |=, consider using +=:

.data.messages += [{"date": "2010-01-07T19:55:99.999Z",
"xml": "xml_samplesheet_2017_01_07_run_09.xml",
"status": "OKKK", "message": "metadata loaded into iRODS successfullyyyyy"}]

Prepend

On the other hand, if (as @NicHuang asked) you want to add the JSON object to the beginning of the array, you could use the pattern:

 .data.messages |= [ _ ] + .
小开

Summary: ". +" is your saviour

Details:

For adding an entry to a list: You can append [list1] + [list2] (and not [list] + data)

$ echo '[ "data1" ]' | jq '. + [ "data2" ]'
[
"data1",
"data2"
]


$ echo '[ {"key1": "value1"} ]' | jq '. + [{"key2": "value2"}]'
[
{
"key1": "value1"
},
{
"key2": "value2"
}
]

For adding a key/value to a dictionary:

$ echo '{"key1": "value1"}' | jq '. + {"key2": "value2"}'
{
"key1": "value1",
"key2": "value2"
}

References:

https://gist.github.com/joar/776b7d176196592ed5d8


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