向 scala.colection.mutable.Map 添加元素的语法是什么？

When you say

val map = scala.collection.mutable.Map

you are not creating a map instance, but instead aliasing the Map type.

map: collection.mutable.Map.type = scala.collection.mutable.Map$@fae93e

Try instead the following:

scala> val map = scala.collection.mutable.Map[String, Int]()
map: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map()


scala> map("asdf") = 9


scala> map
res6: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,Int] = Map((asdf,9))

var test = scala.collection.mutable.Map.empty[String, String]
test("myKey") = "myValue"

The point is that the first line of your codes is not what you expected.

You should use:

val map = scala.collection.mutable.Map[A,B]()

You then have multiple equivalent alternatives to add items:

scala> val map = scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,String]()
map: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,String] = Map()




scala> map("k1") = "v1"


scala> map
res1: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,String] = Map((k1,v1))




scala> map += "k2" -> "v2"
res2: map.type = Map((k1,v1), (k2,v2))




scala> map.put("k3", "v3")
res3: Option[String] = None


scala> map
res4: scala.collection.mutable.Map[String,String] = Map((k3,v3), (k1,v1), (k2,v2))

And starting Scala 2.13:

scala> map.addOne("k4" -> "v4")
res5: map.type = HashMap(k1 -> v1, k2 -> v2, k3 -> v3, k4 -> v4)

As always, you should question whether you truly need a mutable map.

Immutable maps are trivial to build:

val map = Map(
"mykey" -> "myval",
"myotherkey" -> "otherval"
)

Mutable maps are no different when first being built:

val map = collection.mutable.Map(
"mykey" -> "myval",
"myotherkey" -> "otherval"
)


map += "nextkey" -> "nextval"

In both of these cases, inference will be used to determine the correct type parameters for the Map instance.

You can also hold an immutable map in a var, the variable will then be updated with a new immutable map instance every time you perform an "update"

var map = Map(
"mykey" -> "myval",
"myotherkey" -> "otherval"
)


map += "nextkey" -> "nextval"

If you don't have any initial values, you can use Map.empty:

val map : Map[String, String] = Map.empty //immutable
val map = Map.empty[String,String] //immutable
val map = collection.mutable.Map.empty[String,String] //mutable

Create a new immutable map:

scala> val m1 = Map("k0" -> "v0")
m1: scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,String] = Map(k0 -> v0)

Add a new key/value pair to the above map (and create a new map, since they're both immutable):

scala> val m2 = m1 + ("k1" -> "v1")
m2: scala.collection.immutable.Map[String,String] = Map(k0 -> v0, k1 -> v1)

Create a mutable map without initial value:

scala> var d= collection.mutable.Map[Any, Any]()
d: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Any,Any] = Map()

Create a mutable map with initial values:

scala> var d= collection.mutable.Map[Any, Any]("a"->3,1->234,2->"test")
d: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Any,Any] = Map(2 -> test, a -> 3, 1 -> 234)

Update existing key-value:

scala> d("a")= "ABC"

Add new key-value:

scala> d(100)= "new element"

Check the updated map:

scala> d
res123: scala.collection.mutable.Map[Any,Any] = Map(2 -> test, 100 -> new element, a -> ABC, 1 -> 234)

var map:Map[String, String] = Map()

var map1 = map + ("red" -> "#FF0000")

println(map1)