最好的方法做多行插入Oracle?

我正在寻找一种很好的方法来执行多行插入到Oracle 9数据库。以下内容在MySQL中有效,但在Oracle中似乎不受支持。

INSERT INTO TMP_DIM_EXCH_RT
(EXCH_WH_KEY,
EXCH_NAT_KEY,
EXCH_DATE, EXCH_RATE,
FROM_CURCY_CD,
TO_CURCY_CD,
EXCH_EFF_DATE,
EXCH_EFF_END_DATE,
EXCH_LAST_UPDATED_DATE)
VALUES
(1, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 109.49, 'USD', 'JPY', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
(2, 1, '28-AUG-2008', .54, 'USD', 'GBP', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
(3, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 1.05, 'USD', 'CAD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
(4, 1, '28-AUG-2008', .68, 'USD', 'EUR', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
(5, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 1.16, 'USD', 'AUD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
(6, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 7.81, 'USD', 'HKD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008');
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这在Oracle中是有效的:

insert into pager (PAG_ID,PAG_PARENT,PAG_NAME,PAG_ACTIVE)
select 8000,0,'Multi 8000',1 from dual
union all select 8001,0,'Multi 8001',1 from dual

这里要记住的是使用from dual语句。

如果已经有想要插入到另一个表中的值,那么可以从选择语句中插入。

INSERT INTO a_table (column_a, column_b) SELECT column_a, column_b FROM b_table;

否则,您可以列出一堆单行插入语句,并批量提交几个查询,以节省在Oracle和MySQL中同时工作的时间。

@Espo的解决方案也是一个很好的解决方案,如果你的数据还没有在一个表中,它将在Oracle和MySQL中工作。

使用SQL *加载程序。这需要一点设置,但如果这不是唯一的,它是值得的。

创建表

SQL> create table ldr_test (id number(10) primary key, description varchar2(20));
Table created.
SQL>

创建CSV

oracle-2% cat ldr_test.csv
1,Apple
2,Orange
3,Pear
oracle-2%

创建Loader控制文件

oracle-2% cat ldr_test.ctl
load data


infile 'ldr_test.csv'
into table ldr_test
fields terminated by "," optionally enclosed by '"'
( id, description )


oracle-2%

执行SQL*Loader命令

oracle-2% sqlldr <username> control=ldr_test.ctl
Password:


SQL*Loader: Release 9.2.0.5.0 - Production on Wed Sep 3 12:26:46 2008


Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.


Commit point reached - logical record count 3

确认插入

SQL> select * from ldr_test;


ID DESCRIPTION
---------- --------------------
1 Apple
2 Orange
3 Pear


SQL>

SQL*Loader有很多选项,并且可以将几乎任何文本文件作为输入。如果需要,您甚至可以将数据内联到控制文件中。

这里有一个页面有更多的细节-> SQL *加载程序

每当我需要这样做的时候,我用一个本地过程构建一个简单的PL/SQL块:

declare
procedure ins
is
(p_exch_wh_key INTEGER,
p_exch_nat_key INTEGER,
p_exch_date DATE, exch_rate NUMBER,
p_from_curcy_cd VARCHAR2,
p_to_curcy_cd VARCHAR2,
p_exch_eff_date DATE,
p_exch_eff_end_date DATE,
p_exch_last_updated_date DATE);
begin
insert into tmp_dim_exch_rt
(exch_wh_key,
exch_nat_key,
exch_date, exch_rate,
from_curcy_cd,
to_curcy_cd,
exch_eff_date,
exch_eff_end_date,
exch_last_updated_date)
values
(p_exch_wh_key,
p_exch_nat_key,
p_exch_date, exch_rate,
p_from_curcy_cd,
p_to_curcy_cd,
p_exch_eff_date,
p_exch_eff_end_date,
p_exch_last_updated_date);
end;
begin
ins (1, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 109.49, 'USD', 'JPY', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
ins (2, 1, '28-AUG-2008', .54, 'USD', 'GBP', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
ins (3, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 1.05, 'USD', 'CAD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
ins (4, 1, '28-AUG-2008', .68, 'USD', 'EUR', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
ins (5, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 1.16, 'USD', 'AUD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008'),
ins (6, 1, '28-AUG-2008', 7.81, 'USD', 'HKD', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008', '28-AUG-2008');
end;
/

在Oracle中,要向表t插入多行,列为col1、col2和col3,可以使用以下语法:

INSERT ALL
INTO t (col1, col2, col3) VALUES ('val1_1', 'val1_2', 'val1_3')
INTO t (col1, col2, col3) VALUES ('val2_1', 'val2_2', 'val2_3')
INTO t (col1, col2, col3) VALUES ('val3_1', 'val3_2', 'val3_3')
.
.
.
SELECT 1 FROM DUAL;

游标也可以使用,尽管它效率很低。 下面的stackoverflow帖子讨论了游标的用法

在oracle中使用游标插入和更新一条记录

如果你想插入一些随机值,你可以使用循环插入。

BEGIN
FOR x IN 1 .. 1000 LOOP
INSERT INTO MULTI_INSERT_DEMO (ID, NAME)
SELECT x, 'anyName' FROM dual;
END LOOP;
END;

下面是一个非常有用的在Oracle中插入多行的指南:

https://livesql.oracle.com/apex/livesql/file/content_BM1LJQ87M5CNIOKPOWPV6ZGR3.html

最后一步:

INSERT ALL
/* Everyone is a person, so insert all rows into people */
WHEN 1=1 THEN
INTO people (person_id, given_name, family_name, title)
VALUES (id, given_name, family_name, title)
/* Only people with an admission date are patients */
WHEN admission_date IS NOT NULL THEN
INTO patients (patient_id, last_admission_date)
VALUES (id, admission_date)
/* Only people with a hired date are staff */
WHEN hired_date IS NOT NULL THEN
INTO staff (staff_id, hired_date)
VALUES (id, hired_date)
WITH names AS (
SELECT 4 id, 'Ruth' given_name, 'Fox' family_name, 'Mrs' title,
NULL hired_date, DATE'2009-12-31' admission_date
FROM   dual UNION ALL
SELECT 5 id, 'Isabelle' given_name, 'Squirrel' family_name, 'Miss' title ,
NULL hired_date, DATE'2014-01-01' admission_date
FROM   dual UNION ALL
SELECT 6 id, 'Justin' given_name, 'Frog' family_name, 'Master' title,
NULL hired_date, DATE'2015-04-22' admission_date
FROM   dual UNION ALL
SELECT 7 id, 'Lisa' given_name, 'Owl' family_name, 'Dr' title,
DATE'2015-01-01' hired_date, NULL admission_date
FROM   dual
)
SELECT * FROM names

在我的例子中,我能够使用一个简单的插入语句批量插入许多行到TABLE_A中,只使用TABLE_B中的一列,并在其他地方获取其他数据(序列和硬编码的值):

INSERT INTO table_a (
id,
column_a,
column_b
)
SELECT
table_a_seq.NEXTVAL,
b.name,
123
FROM
table_b b;

结果:

ID: NAME: CODE:
1, JOHN, 123
2, SAM, 123
3, JESS, 123