是否可能只安装 docker cli 而不安装守护进程

If you want to install Docker in Linux, then in the newest 1.12.0 release, Docker daemon and Docker client are in separate binary files.

This has been mentioned in release log:

Split the binary into two: docker (client) and dockerd (daemon) #20639

If you are installing Docker in Mac, then Mac OS binary is client-only: resource

First, download and unzip/untar the release for your system. Here are x86_64 binaries for mac, linux, windows.

After expanding the archive, you can find the docker CLI executable at ./docker/docker - move that file into your path, and you're done.

If you're specifically looking to install the docker CLI into a docker image, here's my Dockerfile command to do so:

ENV DOCKERVERSION=18.03.1-ce
RUN curl -fsSLO https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-${DOCKERVERSION}.tgz \
&& tar xzvf docker-${DOCKERVERSION}.tgz --strip 1 \
-C /usr/local/bin docker/docker \
&& rm docker-${DOCKERVERSION}.tgz

h/t to this comment

You can (like the other answer suggests) download it direct from Docker:

docker_url=https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64
docker_version=18.03.1-ce
curl -fsSL $docker_url/docker-$docker_version.tgz | \
tar zxvf - --strip 1 -C /usr/bin docker/docker

The difference from the other answer is that there is no intermediate tar file. I use this in a Dockerfile RUN layer.

On Windows, you can install the CLI by itself using chocolatey package manager.

Once you have chocolatey loaded you can run this from an admin command prompt:

choco install /y docker-cli

This seems to be much more up-to-date than the Windows link provided by Aaron, for some reason. (v19 instead of v17, as of Jan 2020)

If you are on Windows, you can download an up-to-date build of Docker CLI from here:

StefanScherer/docker-cli-builder

And point to a remote Docker Daemon by setting DOCKER_HOST environment variable:

$env:DOCKER_HOST = 'tcp://X.X.X.X:2375'

Please note that, in order for this to work, the Docker Daemon must be configured to expose its API over TCP. This can be done in daemon.json file:

{
"hosts": ["unix:///var/run/docker.sock", "tcp://0.0.0.0:2375"]
}

If you want docker and docker-compose CLIs without daemon you can install them as python packages which also installs executables:

python pip install docker docker-compose

and set the environment variable DOCKER_HOST i.e DOCKER_HOST = SSH://user@host

Adding to the approach from Aaron, if you're building your own image, you can now just use multi-stage builds to copy over the docker binary from an existing external image, e.g.:

COPY --from=docker:dind /usr/local/bin/docker /usr/local/bin/

This pulls the docker binary from the public docker:dind image on Dockerhub.

See: https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/multistage-build/.

For Ubuntu:

apt-get update
apt-get download docker.io
dpkg --fsys-tarfile docker.io_*.deb | tar xOf - ./usr/bin/docker > ./docker-cli
chmod +x ./docker-cli
rm docker.io_*.deb
shopt -s expand_aliases  # alias are not expanded in non-interactive mode (e.g. gitlab ci)
alias docker=$PWD/docker-cli

Useful in case you are working with remote docker daemon (env DOCKER_HOST).

If you are installing docker from the offical package repositories as described in these instructions, you can simply install the docker-ce-cli package and omit the installation of docker-ce and containerd.io.

Full installation sequence (for Ubuntu):

sudo apt-get update


sudo apt-get install \
apt-transport-https \
ca-certificates \
curl \
gnupg \
lsb-release


curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg


echo \
"deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
$(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null


sudo apt-get update


# Here is the part that is different
sudo apt-get install docker-ce-cli