如何在不使用System.Web的情况下进行UrlEncode ?

我试图写一个windows客户端应用程序，调用一个网站的数据。为了使安装最小化，我只尝试使用.NET Framework客户端配置文件中的dll。麻烦的是，我需要UrlEncode一些参数，有没有一个简单的方法来做到这一点，而不导入System.Web.dll，这不是客户端Pofile的一部分?

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小开

有一个客户端配置文件可用的版本，System.Net.WebUtility类，在客户端配置文件System.dll中。这是MSDN链接:

WebUtility

小开

你可以使用

Uri。EscapeUriString(参见http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.uri.escapeuristring.aspx)

小开

下面是一个发送POST请求的例子，该请求使用application/x-www-form-urlencoded内容类型正确编码参数:

using (var client = new WebClient())
{
var values = new NameValueCollection
{
{ "param1", "value1" },
{ "param2", "value2" },
};
var result = client.UploadValues("http://foo.com", values);
}
小开
最佳答案

System.Uri.EscapeUriString()可能对某些字符有问题，对我来说，它是字符串中的数字/磅“#”符号。

如果这对你来说是个问题，试试:

System.Uri.EscapeDataString() //Works excellent with individual values

下面是一个SO问题的答案，解释了两者的区别:

EscapeUriString和EscapeDataString的区别是什么?< / >

并建议在任何方面使用Uri.EscapeDataString()。

小开

在.Net 4.5+中使用WebUtility

只是为了格式，我把这个作为答案提交。

我找不到任何比较它们的例子，所以:

string testString = "http://test# space 123/text?var=val&another=two";
Console.WriteLine("UrlEncode:         " + System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlEncode(testString));
Console.WriteLine("EscapeUriString:   " + Uri.EscapeUriString(testString));
Console.WriteLine("EscapeDataString:  " + Uri.EscapeDataString(testString));
Console.WriteLine("EscapeDataReplace: " + Uri.EscapeDataString(testString).Replace("%20", "+"));


Console.WriteLine("HtmlEncode:        " + System.Web.HttpUtility.HtmlEncode(testString));
Console.WriteLine("UrlPathEncode:     " + System.Web.HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(testString));


//.Net 4.0+
Console.WriteLine("WebUtility.HtmlEncode: " + WebUtility.HtmlEncode(testString));
//.Net 4.5+
Console.WriteLine("WebUtility.UrlEncode:  " + WebUtility.UrlEncode(testString));

输出:

UrlEncode:             http%3a%2f%2ftest%23+space+123%2ftext%3fvar%3dval%26another%3dtwo
EscapeUriString:       http://test#%20space%20123/text?var=val&another=two
EscapeDataString:      http%3A%2F%2Ftest%23%20space%20123%2Ftext%3Fvar%3Dval%26another%3Dtwo
EscapeDataReplace:     http%3A%2F%2Ftest%23+space+123%2Ftext%3Fvar%3Dval%26another%3Dtwo


HtmlEncode:            http://test# space 123/text?var=val&amp;another=two
UrlPathEncode:         http://test#%20space%20123/text?var=val&another=two


//.Net 4.0+
WebUtility.HtmlEncode: http://test# space 123/text?var=val&amp;another=two
//.Net 4.5+
WebUtility.UrlEncode:  http%3A%2F%2Ftest%23+space+123%2Ftext%3Fvar%3Dval%26another%3Dtwo

在.Net 4.5+中使用WebUtility.UrlEncode

这似乎是为了更常见的字符而复制HttpUtility.UrlEncode (v4.0之前):
Uri.EscapeDataString(testString).Replace("%20", "+").Replace("'", "%27").Replace("~", "%7E")
注意:EscapeUriString将保留一个有效的uri字符串，这将导致它使用尽可能多的明文字符

参见比较各种编码的表格的答案:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/11236038/555798 < / p >

< >强换行符 这里列出的所有函数(除了HttpUtility.HtmlEncode)都会将"\n\r"转换为%0a%0d或%0A%0D

请随意编辑，并向我的测试字符串中添加新字符，或将它们留在评论中，我会编辑它。

小开 
System.Net.WebUtility.HtmlDecode
小开

这里的答案很好，但对我来说仍然不够。

我写了一个小循环，比较从0到255的所有字符的Uri.EscapeUriString和Uri.EscapeDataString。

注意:这两个函数都具有内置智能，即0x80以上的字符首先被UTF-8编码，然后被百分比编码。

结果如下:

******* Different *******


'#' -> Uri "#" Data "%23"
'$' -> Uri "$" Data "%24"
'&' -> Uri "&" Data "%26"
'+' -> Uri "+" Data "%2B"
',' -> Uri "," Data "%2C"
'/' -> Uri "/" Data "%2F"
':' -> Uri ":" Data "%3A"
';' -> Uri ";" Data "%3B"
'=' -> Uri "=" Data "%3D"
'?' -> Uri "?" Data "%3F"
'@' -> Uri "@" Data "%40"




******* Not escaped *******


'!' -> Uri "!" Data "!"
''' -> Uri "'" Data "'"
'(' -> Uri "(" Data "("
')' -> Uri ")" Data ")"
'*' -> Uri "*" Data "*"
'-' -> Uri "-" Data "-"
'.' -> Uri "." Data "."
'_' -> Uri "_" Data "_"
'~' -> Uri "~" Data "~"


'0' -> Uri "0" Data "0"
.....
'9' -> Uri "9" Data "9"


'A' -> Uri "A" Data "A"
......
'Z' -> Uri "Z" Data "Z"


'a' -> Uri "a" Data "a"
.....
'z' -> Uri "z" Data "z"


******* UTF 8 *******


.....
'Ò' -> Uri "%C3%92" Data "%C3%92"
'Ó' -> Uri "%C3%93" Data "%C3%93"
'Ô' -> Uri "%C3%94" Data "%C3%94"
'Õ' -> Uri "%C3%95" Data "%C3%95"
'Ö' -> Uri "%C3%96" Data "%C3%96"
.....

EscapeUriString用于编码url，而EscapeDataString用于编码例如Cookie的内容，因为Cookie数据不能包含保留字符'='和';'。

小开

UrlEncode不使用系统。网络:

String s = System.Net.WebUtility.UrlEncode(str);
//fix some different between WebUtility.UrlEncode and HttpUtility.UrlEncode
s = Regex.Replace(s, "(%[0-9A-F]{2})", c => c.Value.ToLowerInvariant());
< p >更多细节: https://www.samnoble.co.uk/2014/05/21/beware-webutility-urlencode-vs-httputility-urlencode/ < / p >
小开

对于我构建的一些项目，我被迫使用。net 4.0，因此，WebUtility和HttpUtility都不包含这些。我使用了Uri.EscapeDataString()方法，它工作得非常好，但我不喜欢它没有一次性编码所有标准特殊字符(意思是! "#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~)的事实。我也更多地使用Visual Basic而不是c#，所以我不确定要转换下面的内容需要什么，但它非常适合我的基本需求。

我不会处理任何UTF-8格式的字符串，因为它只用于一些非常基本的文本操作，到目前为止对我来说已经很好了。它不会以任何方式解析换行符(我正在操作的文本不会有换行符)，并且你必须首先处理%符号，以防止它破坏其余符号的编码。有点花哨，但很管用。

Function EncodeURL(ByVal DecodedString As String) As String


DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "%", "%25", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, " ", "%20", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "!", "%21", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, """", "%22", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "#", "%23", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "$", "%24", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "&", "%26", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "'", "%27", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "(", "%28", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, ")", "%29", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "*", "%2A", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "+", "%2B", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, ",", "%2C", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "-", "%2D", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, ".", "%2E", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "/", "%2F", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, ":", "%3A", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, ";", "%3B", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "<", "%3C", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "=", "%3D", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, ">", "%3E", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "?", "%3F", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "@", "%40", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "[", "%5B", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "\", "%5C", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "]", "%5D", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "^", "%5E", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "_", "%5F", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "`", "%60", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "{", "%7B", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "|", "%7C", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "}", "%7D", 1, vbTextCompare)
DecodedString = Replace(DecodedString, "~", "%7E", 1, vbTextCompare)


EncodeURL = DecodedString


End Function

输入:

! "#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[]^_`{|}~

输出

%21%20%22%23%24%25%26%27%28%29%2A%2B%2C%2D%2E%2F%3A%3B%3C%3D%3E%3F%40%5B%5C%5D%5E%5F%60%7B%7C%7D%7E

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