public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
{
// Set up configuration sources.
var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
.AddEnvironmentVariables();
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
// This will push telemetry data through Application Insights pipeline faster, allowing you to view results immediately.
builder.AddApplicationInsightsSettings(developerMode: true);
}
Configuration = builder.Build();
Globals.Configuration = Configuration;
Globals.HostingEnvironment = env;
Globals.EnsureDatabaseCreated();
}
Globals.EnsureDatabaseCreated()的定义如下:
public static void EnsureDatabaseCreated()
{
var optionsBuilder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder();
if (HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment()) optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:dev:DataContext"]);
else if (HostingEnvironment.IsStaging()) optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:staging:DataContext"]);
else if (HostingEnvironment.IsProduction()) optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:live:DataContext"]);
var context = new ApplicationContext(optionsBuilder.Options);
context.Database.EnsureCreated();
optionsBuilder = new DbContextOptionsBuilder();
if (HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment()) optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:dev:TransientContext"]);
else if (HostingEnvironment.IsStaging()) optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:staging:TransientContext"]);
else if (HostingEnvironment.IsProduction()) optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:live:TransientContext"]);
new TransientContext(optionsBuilder.Options).Database.EnsureCreated();
}
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// Add DbContext to the injection container
services.AddDbContext<MyDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
this.Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
}
}
为了调用 Database.EnsureCreated()或 Database.Migrate(),我们可以并且希望在 Startup.Configure()中自动解析 DbContext,在 Startup.Configure()中我们配置的服务现在可以通过 DI 访问:
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
// Add DbContext to the injection container
services.AddDbContext<MyDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
this.Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
}
public static void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, MyDbContext context)
{
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
context.Database.EnsureCreated();
//context.Database.Migrate();
}
}
}
请记住,从 EF Core 文档中引用的 巴萨姆 · 阿卢吉利的回答中,Database.EnsureCreated()和 Database.Migrate()不应该一起使用,因为它们可以确保将现有的迁移应用到数据库中,如果需要,数据库会创建。另一个只是确保数据库存在,如果不存在,则创建一个反映 DbContext的数据库,包括在上下文中通过 Fluent API 完成的任何种子化操作。