There is no built-in support for periodic calls, no.

Just create your own scheduler loop that sleeps and executes any tasks scheduled:

import math, time


async def scheduler():
while True:
# sleep until the next whole second
now = time.time()
await asyncio.sleep(math.ceil(now) - now)
       

# execute any scheduled tasks
async for task in scheduled_tasks(time.time()):
await task()

The scheduled_tasks() iterator should produce tasks that are ready to be run at the given time. Note that producing the schedule and kicking off all the tasks could in theory take longer than 1 second; the idea here is that the scheduler yields all tasks that should have started since the last check.

For Python versions below 3.5:

import asyncio


@asyncio.coroutine
def periodic():
while True:
print('periodic')
yield from asyncio.sleep(1)


def stop():
task.cancel()


loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.call_later(5, stop)
task = loop.create_task(periodic())


try:
loop.run_until_complete(task)
except asyncio.CancelledError:
pass

For Python 3.5 and above:

import asyncio


async def periodic():
while True:
print('periodic')
await asyncio.sleep(1)


def stop():
task.cancel()


loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.call_later(5, stop)
task = loop.create_task(periodic())


try:
loop.run_until_complete(task)
except asyncio.CancelledError:
pass

When you feel that something should happen "in background" of your asyncio program, asyncio.Task might be good way to do it. You can read this post to see how to work with tasks.

Here's possible implementation of class that executes some function periodically:

import asyncio
from contextlib import suppress




class Periodic:
def __init__(self, func, time):
self.func = func
self.time = time
self.is_started = False
self._task = None


async def start(self):
if not self.is_started:
self.is_started = True
# Start task to call func periodically:
self._task = asyncio.ensure_future(self._run())


async def stop(self):
if self.is_started:
self.is_started = False
# Stop task and await it stopped:
self._task.cancel()
with suppress(asyncio.CancelledError):
await self._task


async def _run(self):
while True:
await asyncio.sleep(self.time)
self.func()

Let's test it:

async def main():
p = Periodic(lambda: print('test'), 1)
try:
print('Start')
await p.start()
await asyncio.sleep(3.1)


print('Stop')
await p.stop()
await asyncio.sleep(3.1)


print('Start')
await p.start()
await asyncio.sleep(3.1)
finally:
await p.stop()  # we should stop task finally




if __name__ == '__main__':
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(main())

Output:

Start
test
test
test


Stop


Start
test
test
test


[Finished in 9.5s]

As you see on start we just start task that calls some functions and sleeps some time in endless loop. On stop we just cancel that task. Note, that task should be stopped at the moment program finished.

One more important thing that your callback shouldn't take much time to be executed (or it'll freeze your event loop). If you're planning to call some long-running func, you possibly would need to run it in executor.

Based on @A. Jesse Jiryu Davis answer (with @Torkel Bjørnson-Langen and @ReWrite comments) this is an improvement which avoids drift.

import time
import asyncio


@asyncio.coroutine
def periodic(period):
def g_tick():
t = time.time()
count = 0
while True:
count += 1
yield max(t + count * period - time.time(), 0)
g = g_tick()


while True:
print('periodic', time.time())
yield from asyncio.sleep(next(g))


loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
task = loop.create_task(periodic(1))
loop.call_later(5, task.cancel)


try:
loop.run_until_complete(task)
except asyncio.CancelledError:
pass

Alternative version with decorator for python 3.7

import asyncio
import time




def periodic(period):
def scheduler(fcn):


async def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):


while True:
asyncio.create_task(fcn(*args, **kwargs))
await asyncio.sleep(period)


return wrapper


return scheduler




@periodic(2)
async def do_something(*args, **kwargs):
await asyncio.sleep(5)  # Do some heavy calculation
print(time.time())




if __name__ == '__main__':
asyncio.run(do_something('Maluzinha do papai!', secret=42))

A variant that may be helpful: if you want your recurring call to happen every n seconds instead of n seconds between the end of the last execution and the beginning of the next, and you don't want calls to overlap in time, the following is simpler:

async def repeat(interval, func, *args, **kwargs):
"""Run func every interval seconds.


If func has not finished before *interval*, will run again
immediately when the previous iteration finished.


*args and **kwargs are passed as the arguments to func.
"""
while True:
await asyncio.gather(
func(*args, **kwargs),
asyncio.sleep(interval),
)

And an example of using it to run a couple tasks in the background:

async def f():
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('Hello')




async def g():
await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
print('Goodbye')




async def main():
t1 = asyncio.ensure_future(repeat(3, f))
t2 = asyncio.ensure_future(repeat(2, g))
await t1
await t2


loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
loop.run_until_complete(main())

This is what I did to test my theory of periodic call backs using asyncio. I don't have experience using Tornado, so I'm not sure exactly how the periodic call backs work with it. I am used to using the after(ms, callback) method in Tkinter though, and this is what I came up with. While True: Just looks ugly to me even if it is asynchronous (more so than globals). The call_later(s, callback, *args) method uses seconds not milliseconds though.

import asyncio
my_var = 0
def update_forever(the_loop):
global my_var
print(my_var)
my_var += 1
# exit logic could be placed here
the_loop.call_later(3, update_forever, the_loop)  # the method adds a delayed callback on completion


event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
event_loop.call_soon(update_forever, event_loop)
event_loop.run_forever()

This solution uses the decoration concept from Fernando José Esteves de Souza, the drifting workaround from Wojciech Migda and a superclass in order to generate most elegant code as possible to deal with asynchronous periodic functions.

Without threading.Thread

The solution is comprised of the following files:

• periodic_async_thread.py with the base class for you to subclass
• a_periodic_thread.py with an example subclass
• run_me.py with an example instantiation and run

The PeriodicAsyncThread class in the file periodic_async_thread.py:

import time
import asyncio
import abc


class PeriodicAsyncThread:
def __init__(self, period):
self.period = period


def periodic(self):
def scheduler(fcn):
async def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
def g_tick():
t = time.time()
count = 0
while True:
count += 1
yield max(t + count * self.period - time.time(), 0)
g = g_tick()


while True:
# print('periodic', time.time())
asyncio.create_task(fcn(*args, **kwargs))
await asyncio.sleep(next(g))
return wrapper
return scheduler


@abc.abstractmethod
async def run(self, *args, **kwargs):
return


def start(self):
asyncio.run(self.run())

An example of a simple subclass APeriodicThread in the file a_periodic_thread.py:

from periodic_async_thread import PeriodicAsyncThread
import time
import asyncio


class APeriodicThread(PeriodicAsyncThread):
def __init__(self, period):
super().__init__(period)
self.run = self.periodic()(self.run)
    

async def run(self, *args, **kwargs):
await asyncio.sleep(2)
print(time.time())

Instantiating and running the example class in the file run_me.py:

from a_periodic_thread import APeriodicThread
apt = APeriodicThread(2)
apt.start()

This code represents an elegant solution that also mitigates the time drift problem of other solutions. The output is similar to:

1642711285.3898764
1642711287.390698
1642711289.3924973
1642711291.3920736

With threading.Thread

The solution is comprised of the following files:

• async_thread.py with the canopy asynchronous thread class.
• periodic_async_thread.py with the base class for you to subclass
• a_periodic_thread.py with an example subclass
• run_me.py with an example instantiation and run

The AsyncThread class in the file async_thread.py:

from threading import Thread
import asyncio
import abc


class AsyncThread(Thread):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)


@abc.abstractmethod
async def async_run(self, *args, **kwargs):
pass


def run(self, *args, **kwargs):
# loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
# asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)


# loop.run_until_complete(self.async_run(*args, **kwargs))
# loop.close()
asyncio.run(self.async_run(*args, **kwargs))

The PeriodicAsyncThread class in the file periodic_async_thread.py:

import time
import asyncio
from .async_thread import AsyncThread


class PeriodicAsyncThread(AsyncThread):
def __init__(self, period, *args, **kwargs):
self.period = period
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
self.async_run = self.periodic()(self.async_run)


def periodic(self):
def scheduler(fcn):
async def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
def g_tick():
t = time.time()
count = 0
while True:
count += 1
yield max(t + count * self.period - time.time(), 0)
g = g_tick()


while True:
# print('periodic', time.time())
asyncio.create_task(fcn(*args, **kwargs))
await asyncio.sleep(next(g))
return wrapper
return scheduler

An example of a simple subclass APeriodicThread in the file a_periodic_thread.py:

import time
from threading import current_thread
from .periodic_async_thread import PeriodicAsyncThread
import asyncio


class APeriodicAsyncTHread(PeriodicAsyncThread):
async def async_run(self, *args, **kwargs):
print(f"{current_thread().name} {time.time()} Hi!")
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print(f"{current_thread().name} {time.time()} Bye!")

Instantiating and running the example class in the file run_me.py:

from .a_periodic_thread import APeriodicAsyncTHread
a = APeriodicAsyncTHread(2, name = "a periodic async thread")
a.start()
a.join()

This code represents an elegant solution that also mitigates the time drift problem of other solutions. The output is similar to:

a periodic async thread 1643726990.505269 Hi!
a periodic async thread 1643726991.5069854 Bye!
a periodic async thread 1643726992.506919 Hi!
a periodic async thread 1643726993.5089169 Bye!
a periodic async thread 1643726994.5076022 Hi!
a periodic async thread 1643726995.509422 Bye!
a periodic async thread 1643726996.5075526 Hi!
a periodic async thread 1643726997.5093904 Bye!
a periodic async thread 1643726998.5072556 Hi!
a periodic async thread 1643726999.5091035 Bye!

For multiple types of scheduling I'd recommend APSScheduler which has asyncio support.

I use it for a simple python process I can fire up using docker and just runs like a cron executing something weekly, until I kill the docker/process.