在前棒棒糖崩溃中使用 android 矢量可绘制

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最佳答案

LATEST UPDATE - Jun/2019

Support Library has changed a bit since the original answer. Now, even the Android plugin for Gradle is able to automatically generate the PNG at build time. So, below are two new approaches that should work these days. You can find more info here:

PNG Generation

Gradle can automatically create PNG images from your assets at build time. However, in this approach, not all xml elements are supported. This solution is convenient because you don't need to change anything in your code or in your build.gradle. Just make sure you are using Android Plugin 1.5.0 or higher and Android Studio 2.2 or higher.

I'm using this solution in my app and works fine. No additional build.gradle flag necessary. No hacks is necessary. If you go to /build/generated/res/pngs/... you can see all generated PNGs.

So, if you have some simple icon (since not all xml elements are supported), this solution may work for you. Just update your Android Studio and your Android plugin for Gradle.

Support Library

Probably, this is the solution that will work for you. If you came here, it means your Android Studio is not generating the PNGs automatically. So, your app is crashing.

Or maybe, you don't want Android Studio to generate any PNG at all.

Differently from that "Auto-PNG generation" which supports a subset of XML element, this solution, supports all xml tags. So, you have full support to your vector drawable.

You must first, update your build.gradle to support it:

android {
defaultConfig {
// This flag will also prevents Android Studio from generating PNGs automatically
vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
}
}


dependencies {
// Use this for Support Library
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.2.0' // OR HIGHER


// Use this for AndroidX
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.1.0' // OR HIGHER
}

And then, use app:srcCompat instead of android:src while loading VectorDrawables. Don't forget this.

For TextView, if you are using the androidx version of the Support Library, you can use app:drawableLeftCompat (or right, top, bottom) instead of app:drawableLeft

In case of CheckBox/RadioButton, use app:buttonCompat instead of android:button.

If you are not using the androidx version of the Support Library and your minSdkVersion is 17 or higher or using a button, you may try to set programmatically via

Drawable icon = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, <drawable_id>);
textView.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(<leftIcon>,<topIcon>,<rightIcon>,<bottomIcon>);

UPDATE - Jul/2016

They re-enabled that VectorDrawable in
Android Support Library 23.4.0

For AppCompat users, we’ve added an opt-in API to re-enable support Vector Drawables from resources (the behavior found in 23.2) via AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true) - keep in mind that this still can cause issues with memory usage and problems updating Configuration instances, hence why it is disabled by default.

Maybe, build.gradle setting is now obsolete and you just need to enable it in proper activities (however, need to test).

Now, to enable it, you must do:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
static {
AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);
}


...
}

Original Answer - Apr/2016

I think this is happening because Support Vector was disabled in the latest library version: 23.3.0

According to this POST:

For AppCompat users, we’ve decided to remove the functionality which let you use vector drawables from resources on pre-Lollipop devices due to issues found in the implementation in version 23.2.0/23.2.1 (ISSUE 205236). Using app:srcCompat and setImageResource() continues to work.

If you visit issue ISSUE 205236, it seems that they will enable in the future but the memory issue will not be fixed soon:

In the next release I've added an opt-in API where you can re-enable the VectorDrawable support which was removed. It comes with the same caveats as before though (memory usage and problems with Configuration updating).

I had a similar issue. So, in my case, I reverted all icons which use vector drawable from resource to PNG images again (since the memory issue will keep happening even after they provide an option to enable it again).

I'm not sure if this is the best option, but it fixes all the crashes in my opinion.

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The answer from Guillherme P is pretty awesome. Just to make a small improvement, you don't need to add that line in every activity, if you added it once in the Application class it will work as well.

public class App extends Application {


static {
AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);
}

REMEMBER: You still need to have enabled the use of the support library in gradle:

android {
defaultConfig {
vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
}
}

Also, make sure you are using a support library version greater than v23.4, when Google added back the support for Drawable Containers for VectorDrawables (release note)

Update

And for code changes:

Make sure to update to app:srcCompat every place that accepts the android:src attribute (the IDE will warn you if it's invalid like for the <bitmap> tag).

For drawableLeft, drawableStart, drawableRight, drawableEnd attributes used in TextView and similar views, you will have to set them programmatically for now. An example of setting drawableStart:

Drawable drawable = AppCompatResources.getDrawable(
getContext(),
R.drawable.your_vector_drawable);


if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1) {
textView.setCompoundDrawablesRelativeWithIntrinsicBounds(drawable, null, null, null);
}

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An alternative to Benny's answer is to create an Activity superclass:

public abstract class VectorDrawableActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
static {
AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);
}


//...
}

Now extend VectorDrawableActivity instead of AppCompatActivity.

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VectorDrawables on pre-lollipop should work fine without using

AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);

If you want to use VectorDrawables inside ImageViews, you can use the attribute srcCompat and it will work, but inside Buttons or TextViews it won't, so you need to wrap the Drawable into an InsetDrawable or a LayerDrawable. There is another trick I discovered, if you are using data binding, you could do this:

android:drawableLeft="@{@drawable/vector_ic_access_time_24px}"
android:drawableStart="@{@drawable/vector_ic_access_time_24px}"

That will magically work, I haven't investigated what's happening behind the scenes, but I guess the TextView is using the getDrawable method from the AppCompatResources or similar.

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To elaborate on the other very good answers, here is a diagram that can help you. It is valid if you have Support Library from 23.4.0 to at least 25.1.0.

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Guilherme P's suggestion was not working for me. I went ahead and made the decision to use png's where I need to do things outside of app:srcCompat i.e. drawableLeft, drawableRight, etc. This was a pretty easy change to make, and doesn't have the potential memory issues AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true); introduces.

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I had the same problem. But doing a lot of R&D I got the answer.

For Imageview and ImageButton use,app:srcCompat="@drawable/...." and for other views like Button, Textview, instead of using "drawableLeft/right..." in the XML, specify drawables programmitically as :

button.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(AppCompatResources.getDrawable(mContext,R.drawable.ic_share_brown_18dp), null, null, null);

And use "AppCompatResources" to get the drawable.

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I had the same problem. And fix it by removing

vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true

My target version is 25 and support library is

 compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'

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I am using VectorDrawables on Pre-lollipop devices and this is how I do it :-

Step 1: Put this in your app level gradle.

android {
defaultConfig {
vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
}
}

Step 2:

Put this in your Application class and don't forget to register your Application class in the manifest file.

public class App extends Application {
static {
AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);
}
}

Step 3:

Get VectorDrawables using,

imageView.setImageDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.drawable.my_vector_drawable));

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For anyone who upgrade to android gradle 3.0 and above, there is no need to use AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true), or set vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true (add this will cause problem) and use app:srcCompat, it just works.

Take me two days to figure this out, and have not find any related docs in google's docs...

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Lot of R & d, finally getting this solution for crashes on pre-lollipop devices.

For Imageview

use app:srcCompat instead of android:src

For TextView/EditText

Remove drawableleft,drawableright.... and set from drawable java code.

txtview.setCompoundDrawablesWithIntrinsicBounds(AppCompatResources.getDrawable(EventDetailSinglePage.this, R.drawable.ic_done_black_24_n), null, null, null);

For Build.gradle

vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true

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Simply overlap vector drawable to state-list then problem will be solved

For example you have back arrow vector image:

ic_back_arrow.xml

yes, you should overlap it to layer list xml (ic_back_arrow_vector_vector.xml):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:drawable="@drawable/ic_back_arrow"/>
</layer-list>

Because logic:

vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true

and

AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);

will not help you on the some China devices and older samsung devices. If you do not overlap them, it will fail.

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Easiest way use :

app:drawableRightCompat ="@drawable/ic_mobilelogin"
app:drawableEndCompat="@drawable/ic_mobilelogin"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/ic_mobile"

and... just use app:**Compatfor compatability. Also add support on build.gradle (module)

android {
defaultConfig {
vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
}
}

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After using the below code.

android {
defaultConfig {
vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true
}
}








public class App extends Application {
static {
AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);
}}

still, vector images issue exists for below attributes are

DrawableEnd, DrawableStart, DrawableTop, DrawableBottom, Background

In this case, please follow as below, Instead of referencing vector image directly use selector tag as an intermediate drawable file.

Example:

ic_warranty_icon.xml

<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:width="17dp"
android:height="24dp"
android:autoMirrored="true"
android:viewportWidth="17"
android:viewportHeight="24">


<path
android:fillColor="#fff"
android:pathData="M10.927,15.589l-1.549,0.355a7.47,7.47 0,0 1,-0.878 0.056c-4.136,0 -7.5,-3.364 -7.5,-7.5s3.364,-7.5 7.5,-7.5 7.5,3.364 7.5,7.5c0,3.286 -2.126,6.078 -5.073,7.089zM8.5,2a6.508,6.508 0,0 0,-6.5 6.5c0,3.583 2.917,6.5 6.5,6.5s6.5,-2.917 6.5,-6.5 -2.917,-6.5 -6.5,-6.5z" />

safe_ic_warranty_icon.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<selector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:drawable="@drawable/ic_warranty_icon"  />
</selector>

Your TextView/Layout.

<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:drawableStart="@drawable/ic_warranty_icon"
/>




<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="@drawable/ic_warranty_icon"
/>

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We tried 3 things

vectorDrawables.useSupportLibrary = true

Setting setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled in Application class

static {
AppCompatDelegate.setCompatVectorFromResourcesEnabled(true);
}

And use app:srcCompat

But even after that it was failing with

Resources$NotFoundException: File res/drawable/$my_icon__0.xml from color state list resource ID #0x7f080008

then we figured out that our SVG had a Gradient tag. Converting the gradient tag to individual paths for below API <= 23 and using the same SVG API >= 24 worked.

Got help from this answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/47783962/2171513

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I was struggling with this for hours.

I tried everything these answers told me to, but my app didn't stop crashing. I deleted this line: app:srcCompat="@drawable/keyboard" and my app stopped crashing. and then when I added this same thing back, it started crashing again. So I decided to open that file and I saw an error at the first line saying

"The drawable 'Keyboard' has no declaration in the base drawable folder; this can lead to crashes.

I right-clicked the file and clicked "Show in explorer" and it was not in the drawable folder but in the drawable-v24 directory. So I copied it and pasted to the drawable directory and finally got rid of crashes.

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In my case, I was using a TabLayout, which I configured as it :

TabLayoutMediator(tabLayout!!, viewPager!!) { tab, position ->
if (position == 0)
tab.icon = ResourcesCompat.getDrawable(resources, R.drawable.ic_list, theme)
else
tab.icon = ResourcesCompat.getDrawable(resources, R.drawable.ic_building_map, theme)
}.attach()

The app was crashing at line tab.icon = ...

I change these to tab.setIcon(R.drawable.my_vector_asset), as it :

TabLayoutMediator(tabLayout!!, viewPager!!) { tab, position ->
if (position == 0)
tab.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_list)
else
tab.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_building_map)
}.attach()

And it worked !