用于多列的 to_numeric

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You can use:

print df.columns[5:]
Index([u'2004', u'2005', u'2006', u'2007', u'2008', u'2009', u'2010', u'2011',
u'2012', u'2013', u'2014'],
dtype='object')


for col in  df.columns[5:]:
df[col] = pd.to_numeric(df[col], errors='coerce')


print df
GeoName      ComponentName  IndustryId  IndustryClassification  \
37926  Alabama  Real GDP by state           9                     213
37951  Alabama  Real GDP by state          34                      42
37932  Alabama  Real GDP by state          15                     327


Description  2004   2005   2006   2007  \
37926               Support activities for mining    99     98    117    117
37951                            Wholesale  trade  9898  10613  10952  11034
37932  Nonmetallic mineral products manufacturing   980    968    940   1084


2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013     2014
37926    115    87    96    95   103   102      NaN
37951  11075  9722  9765  9703  9600  9884  10199.0
37932    861   724   714   701   589   641      NaN

Another solution with filter:

print df.filter(like='20')
2004   2005   2006   2007   2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013   2014
37926    99     98    117    117    115    87    96    95   103   102   (NA)
37951  9898  10613  10952  11034  11075  9722  9765  9703  9600  9884  10199
37932   980    968    940   1084    861   724   714   701   589   641   (NA)


for col in  df.filter(like='20').columns:
df[col] = pd.to_numeric(df[col], errors='coerce')
print df
GeoName      ComponentName  IndustryId  IndustryClassification  \
37926  Alabama  Real GDP by state           9                     213
37951  Alabama  Real GDP by state          34                      42
37932  Alabama  Real GDP by state          15                     327


Description  2004   2005   2006   2007  \
37926               Support activities for mining    99     98    117    117
37951                            Wholesale  trade  9898  10613  10952  11034
37932  Nonmetallic mineral products manufacturing   980    968    940   1084


2008  2009  2010  2011  2012  2013     2014
37926    115    87    96    95   103   102      NaN
37951  11075  9722  9765  9703  9600  9884  10199.0
37932    861   724   714   701   589   641      NaN

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最佳答案

UPDATE: you don't need to convert your values afterwards, you can do it on-the-fly when reading your CSV:

In [165]: df=pd.read_csv(url, index_col=0, na_values=['(NA)']).fillna(0)


In [166]: df.dtypes
Out[166]:
GeoName                    object
ComponentName              object
IndustryId                  int64
IndustryClassification     object
Description                object
2004                        int64
2005                        int64
2006                        int64
2007                        int64
2008                        int64
2009                        int64
2010                        int64
2011                        int64
2012                        int64
2013                        int64
2014                      float64
dtype: object

If you need to convert multiple columns to numeric dtypes - use the following technique:

Sample source DF:

In [271]: df
Out[271]:
id    a  b  c  d  e    f
0  id_3  AAA  6  3  5  8    1
1  id_9    3  7  5  7  3  BBB
2  id_7    4  2  3  5  4    2
3  id_0    7  3  5  7  9    4
4  id_0    2  4  6  4  0    2


In [272]: df.dtypes
Out[272]:
id    object
a     object
b      int64
c      int64
d      int64
e      int64
f     object
dtype: object

Converting selected columns to numeric dtypes:

In [273]: cols = df.columns.drop('id')


In [274]: df[cols] = df[cols].apply(pd.to_numeric, errors='coerce')


In [275]: df
Out[275]:
id    a  b  c  d  e    f
0  id_3  NaN  6  3  5  8  1.0
1  id_9  3.0  7  5  7  3  NaN
2  id_7  4.0  2  3  5  4  2.0
3  id_0  7.0  3  5  7  9  4.0
4  id_0  2.0  4  6  4  0  2.0


In [276]: df.dtypes
Out[276]:
id     object
a     float64
b       int64
c       int64
d       int64
e       int64
f     float64
dtype: object

PS if you want to select all string (object) columns use the following simple trick:

cols = df.columns[df.dtypes.eq('object')]

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another way is using apply, one liner:

cols = ['col1', 'col2', 'col3']
data[cols] = data[cols].apply(pd.to_numeric, errors='coerce', axis=1)

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If you are looking for a range of columns, you can try this:

df.iloc[7:] = df.iloc[7:].astype(float)

The examples above will convert type to be float, for all the columns begin with the 7th to the end. You of course can use different type or different range.

I think this is useful when you have a big range of columns to convert and a lot of rows. It doesn't make you go over each row by yourself - I believe numpy do it more efficiently.

This is useful only if you know that all the required columns contain numbers only - it will not change "bad values" (like string) to be NaN for you.

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df[cols] = pd.to_numeric(df[cols].stack(), errors='coerce').unstack()

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df.loc[:,'col':] = df.loc[:,'col':].apply(pd.to_numeric, errors = 'coerce')