使用android进行HTTP请求

我到处都找过了,但我找不到我的答案,有没有一种方法可以做一个简单的HTTP请求?我想在我的一个网站上请求一个PHP页面/脚本,但我不想显示网页。

如果可能的话,我甚至想在后台(在一个BroadcastReceiver)做它

536502 次浏览

有一根线:

private class LoadingThread extends Thread {
Handler handler;


LoadingThread(Handler h) {
handler = h;
}
@Override
public void run() {
Message m = handler.obtainMessage();
try {
BufferedReader in =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(url.openStream()));
String page = "";
String inLine;


while ((inLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
page += inLine;
}


in.close();
Bundle b = new Bundle();
b.putString("result", page);
m.setData(b);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}


handler.sendMessage(m);
}
}

更新

这是一个非常古老的答案。我绝对不会再推荐Apache的客户端了。你可以用任意一种:

  • < a href = " https://square.github。io /改进/ noreferrer“rel = >改造< / >
  • < a href = " http://square.github。io / okhttp noreferrer“rel = > okhttp < / >
  • 截击 .
  • HttpUrlConnection

原来的答案

首先,申请访问网络的权限,在您的清单中添加以下内容:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

那么最简单的方法是使用Apache http客户端与Android捆绑:

    HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(new HttpGet(URL));
StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
if(statusLine.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
response.getEntity().writeTo(out);
String responseString = out.toString();
out.close();
//..more logic
} else{
//Closes the connection.
response.getEntity().getContent().close();
throw new IOException(statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
}

如果你想让它在单独的线程上运行,我建议扩展AsyncTask:

class RequestTask extends AsyncTask<String, String, String>{


@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... uri) {
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response;
String responseString = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(new HttpGet(uri[0]));
StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
if(statusLine.getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
response.getEntity().writeTo(out);
responseString = out.toString();
out.close();
} else{
//Closes the connection.
response.getEntity().getContent().close();
throw new IOException(statusLine.getReasonPhrase());
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
} catch (IOException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
}
return responseString;
}
    

@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
//Do anything with response..
}
}

然后,你可以通过以下方式提出请求:

   new RequestTask().execute("http://stackoverflow.com");

除非你有明确的理由选择Apache HttpClient,否则你应该选择java.net.URLConnection。你可以在网上找到很多如何使用它的例子。

我们还改进了Android文档,因为你原来的帖子:http://developer.android.com/reference/java/net/HttpURLConnection.html

我们已经在官方博客:http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/09/androids-http-clients.html上讨论过权衡

我做了这个webservice请求URL,使用一个Gson库:

客户:

public EstabelecimentoList getListaEstabelecimentoPorPromocao(){


EstabelecimentoList estabelecimentoList  = new EstabelecimentoList();
try{
URL url = new URL("http://" +  Conexao.getSERVIDOR()+ "/cardapio.online/rest/recursos/busca_estabelecimento_promocao_android");
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();


if (con.getResponseCode() != 200) {
throw new RuntimeException("HTTP error code : "+ con.getResponseCode());
}


BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((con.getInputStream())));
estabelecimentoList = new Gson().fromJson(br, EstabelecimentoList.class);
con.disconnect();


} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return estabelecimentoList;
}
private String getToServer(String service) throws IOException {
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(service);
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler = new BasicResponseHandler();
return new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpget, responseHandler);


}

问候

注意:与Android捆绑的Apache HTTP客户端现在已弃用,转而支持HttpURLConnection。更多细节请参见Android Developers 博客

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />添加到你的清单中。

然后你会像这样检索一个网页:

URL url = new URL("http://www.android.com/");
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
try {
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
readStream(in);
}
finally {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}

我还建议在一个单独的线程上运行它:

class RequestTask extends AsyncTask<String, String, String>{


@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... uri) {
String responseString = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(myurl);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
if(conn.getResponseCode() == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
// Do normal input or output stream reading
}
else {
response = "FAILED"; // See documentation for more info on response handling
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
} catch (IOException e) {
//TODO Handle problems..
}
return responseString;
}


@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
super.onPostExecute(result);
//Do anything with response..
}
}

有关响应处理和POST请求的更多信息,请参阅文档

这是android中HTTP Get/POST请求的新代码。HTTPClient已被废弃,可能无法使用,因为在我的情况下。

首先在build.gradle中添加两个依赖:

compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.1'
compile 'org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5'

然后用doBackground方法在ASyncTask中编写此代码。

 URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8080/web/get?key=value");
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
int statusCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode ==  200) {
InputStream it = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(it);
BufferedReader buff = new BufferedReader(read);
StringBuilder dta = new StringBuilder();
String chunks ;
while((chunks = buff.readLine()) != null)
{
dta.append(chunks);
}
}
else
{
//Handle else
}

看看这个很棒的新库,它可以通过gradle获得:)

构建。gradle: compile 'com.apptakk.http_request:http-request:0.1.2'

用法:

new HttpRequestTask(
new HttpRequest("http://httpbin.org/post", HttpRequest.POST, "{ \"some\": \"data\" }"),
new HttpRequest.Handler() {
@Override
public void response(HttpResponse response) {
if (response.code == 200) {
Log.d(this.getClass().toString(), "Request successful!");
} else {
Log.e(this.getClass().toString(), "Request unsuccessful: " + response);
}
}
}).execute();

https://github.com/erf/http-request

对我来说,最简单的方法是使用名为Retrofit2的库

我们只需要创建一个接口,其中包含我们的请求方法,参数,我们还可以为每个请求定制头部:

    public interface MyService {


@GET("users/{user}/repos")
Call<List<Repo>> listRepos(@Path("user") String user);


@GET("user")
Call<UserDetails> getUserDetails(@Header("Authorization") String   credentials);


@POST("users/new")
Call<User> createUser(@Body User user);


@FormUrlEncoded
@POST("user/edit")
Call<User> updateUser(@Field("first_name") String first,
@Field("last_name") String last);


@Multipart
@PUT("user/photo")
Call<User> updateUser(@Part("photo") RequestBody photo,
@Part("description") RequestBody description);


@Headers({
"Accept: application/vnd.github.v3.full+json",
"User-Agent: Retrofit-Sample-App"
})
@GET("users/{username}")
Call<User> getUser(@Path("username") String username);


}

最好的是,我们可以使用enqueue方法轻松地进行异步操作

最简单的方法是使用名为凌空抽射的Android库

Volley有以下好处:

网络请求自动调度。多个并发网络 < / >强的联系。透明磁盘和内存响应缓存 标准HTTP缓存一致性。支持请求优先级。 取消请求API。您可以取消单个请求,也可以 设置要取消的请求块或范围。便于定制,便于 例如,重试和回退。强有序使它很容易 方法异步获取的数据正确地填充UI 网络。

.调试跟踪工具

你可以发送一个http/https请求,简单如下:

        // Instantiate the RequestQueue.
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
String url ="http://www.yourapi.com";
JsonObjectRequest request = new JsonObjectRequest(url, null,
new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
if (null != response) {
try {
//handle your response
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {


@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {


}
});
queue.add(request);

在这种情况下,你不必考虑“运行在后台”或“使用缓存”自己,因为所有这些都已经完成了Volley。

由于没有一个答案描述了一种使用OkHttp执行请求的方法,这是目前非常流行的http客户端,用于Android和Java,我将提供一个简单的例子:

//get an instance of the client
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();


//add parameters
HttpUrl.Builder urlBuilder = HttpUrl.parse("https://www.example.com").newBuilder();
urlBuilder.addQueryParameter("query", "stack-overflow");




String url = urlBuilder.build().toString();


//build the request
Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();


//execute
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();

这个库的明显优势是,它将我们从一些低级细节中抽象出来,提供了更友好和安全的方式与它们交互。语法也被简化,允许编写漂亮的代码。

按照上面的建议使用凌空射击。添加以下到构建。gradle(模块:app)

implementation 'com.android.volley:volley:1.1.1'

在AndroidManifest.xml中添加以下内容:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

并添加以下活动代码:

public void httpCall(String url) {


RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);


StringRequest stringRequest = new StringRequest(Request.Method.GET, url,
new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String response) {
// enjoy your response
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
// enjoy your error status
}
});


queue.add(stringRequest);
}

它取代了http客户端,非常简单。