class TheMeta(type):
def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwds):
# if your decorator is a class method of the metaclass use
# `my_decorator = cls.my_decorator` in order to invoke the decorator.
namespace = {k: v if k.startswith('__') else my_decorator(v) for k, v in namespace.items()}
return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace)
演示:
def my_decorator(func):
def wrapper(self, arg):
# You can also use *args instead of (self, arg) and pass the *args
# to the function in following call.
return "the value {} gets modified!!".format(func(self, arg))
return wrapper
class TheMeta(type):
def __new__(cls, name, bases, namespace, **kwds):
# my_decorator = cls.my_decorator (if the decorator is a classmethod)
namespace = {k: v if k.startswith('__') else my_decorator(v) for k, v in namespace.items()}
return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, namespace)
class MyClass(metaclass=TheMeta):
# a = 10
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.item = args[0]
self.value = kwargs['value']
def __getattr__(self, attr):
return "This class hasn't provide the attribute {}.".format(attr)
def myfunction_1(self, arg):
return arg ** 2
def myfunction_2(self, arg):
return arg ** 3
myinstance = MyClass(1, 2, value=100)
print(myinstance.myfunction_1(5))
print(myinstance.myfunction_2(2))
print(myinstance.item)
print(myinstance.p)
产出:
the value 25 gets modified!!
the value 8 gets modified!!
1
This class hasn't provide the attribute p. # special method is not decorated.
为了检查上述注释中的第三项,你可以取消 a = 10行的注释,执行 print(myinstance.a)并查看结果,然后改变 __new__中的字典理解,如下所示,然后再次查看结果:
namespace = {k: v if k.startswith('__') and not isinstance(v, types.FunctionType)\
else my_decorator(v) for k, v in namespace.items()}
import inspect
def decorator_for_func(orig_func):
def decorator(*args, **kwargs):
print("Decorating wrapper called for method %s" % orig_func.__name__)
result = orig_func(*args, **kwargs)
return result
return decorator
def decorator_for_class(cls):
for name, method in inspect.getmembers(cls):
if (not inspect.ismethod(method) and not inspect.isfunction(method)) or inspect.isbuiltin(method):
continue
print("Decorating function %s" % name)
setattr(cls, name, decorator_for_func(method))
return cls
@decorator_for_class
class decorated_class:
def method1(self, arg, **kwargs):
print("Method 1 called with arg %s" % arg)
def method2(self, arg):
print("Method 2 called with arg %s" % arg)
d=decorated_class()
d.method1(1, a=10)
d.method2(2)
import functools
class Logger(type):
@staticmethod
def _decorator(fun):
@functools.wraps(fun)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
print(fun.__name__, args, kwargs)
return fun(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapper
def __new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs):
for key in attrs.keys():
if callable(attrs[key]):
# if attrs[key] is callable, then we can easily wrap it with decorator
# and substitute in the future attrs
# only for extra clarity (though it is wider type than function)
fun = attrs[key]
attrs[key] = Logger._decorator(fun)
# and then invoke __new__ in type metaclass
return super().__new__(mcs, name, bases, attrs)
class A(metaclass=Logger):
def __init__(self):
self.some_val = "some_val"
def method_first(self, a, b):
print(a, self.some_val)
def another_method(self, c):
print(c)
@staticmethod
def static_method(d):
print(d)
b = A()
# __init__ (<__main__.A object at 0x7f852a52a2b0>,) {}
b.method_first(5, b="Here should be 5")
# method_first (<__main__.A object at 0x7f852a52a2b0>, 5) {'b': 'Here should be 5'}
# 5 some_val
b.method_first(6, b="Here should be 6")
# method_first (<__main__.A object at 0x7f852a52a2b0>, 6) {'b': 'Here should be 6'}
# 6 some_val
b.another_method(7)
# another_method (<__main__.A object at 0x7f852a52a2b0>, 7) {}
# 7
b.static_method(7)
# 7
def log_sent_data(function):
@functools_wraps(function)
def decorator(*args, **kwargs):
# Quickfix
self, *args = args
try: # If method has self/cls/descriptor
result = function(self, *args, **kwargs)
except TypeError:
if args: # If method is static but has positional args
result = function(*args, **kwargs)
else: # If method is static and doesn't has positional args
result = function(**kwargs)
# End of quickfix
return result
return decorator