如何从 Select-String 获取捕获的组？

Have a look at the following

$a = "http://192.168.3.114:8080/compierews/" | Select-String -Pattern '^http://(.*):8080/(.*)/$'

$a is now a MatchInfo ($a.gettype()) it contain a Matches property.

PS ps:\> $a.Matches
Groups   : {http://192.168.3.114:8080/compierews/, 192.168.3.114, compierews}
Success  : True
Captures : {http://192.168.3.114:8080/compierews/}
Index    : 0
Length   : 37
Value    : http://192.168.3.114:8080/compierews/

in the groups member you'll find what you are looking for so you can write :

"http://192.168.3.114:8080/compierews/" | Select-String -Pattern '^http://(.*):8080/(.*)/$'  | % {"IP is $($_.matches.groups[1]) and path is $($_.matches.groups[2])"}


IP is 192.168.3.114 and path is compierews

This script will grab a regex's specified capture group from a file's content and output its matches to console.

$file is the file you want to load
$cg is capture group you want to grab
$regex is the regular expression pattern

Example file and its content to load:

C:\some\file.txt

This is the especially special text in the file.

Example Use: .\get_regex_capture.ps1 -file "C:\some\file.txt" -cg 1 -regex '\b(special\W\w+)'

Output: special text

get_regex_capture.ps1

Param(
$file=$file,
[int]$cg=[int]$cg,
$regex=$regex
)
[int]$capture_group = $cg
$file_content = [string]::Join("`r`n", (Get-Content -Raw "$file"));
Select-String -InputObject $file_content -Pattern $regex -AllMatches | % { $_.Matches.Captures } | % { echo $_.Groups[$capture_group].Value }

This worked for my situation.

Using the file: test.txt

// autogenerated by script
char VERSION[21] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST";
char NUMBER[16] = "123456789012345";

Get the NUMBER and VERSION from the file.

PS C:\> Select-String -Path test.txt -Pattern 'VERSION\[\d+\]\s=\s\"(.*)\"' | %{$_.Matches.Groups[
1].value}


ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST


PS C:\> Select-String -Path test.txt -Pattern 'NUMBER\[\d+\]\s=\s\"(.*)\"' | %{$_.Matches.Groups[1
].value}


123456789012345

According to the powershell docs on Regular Expressions > Groups, Captures, and Substitutions:

When using the -match operator, powershell will create an automatic variable named $Matches

PS> "The last logged on user was CONTOSO\jsmith" -match "(.+was )(.+)"

The value returned from this expression is just true|false, but PS will add the $Matches hashtable

So if you output $Matches, you'll get all capture groups:

PS> $Matches


Name     Value
----     -----
2        CONTOSO\jsmith
1        The last logged on user was
0        The last logged on user was CONTOSO\jsmith

And you can access each capture group individually with dot notation like this:

PS> "The last logged on user was CONTOSO\jsmith" -match "(.+was )(.+)"
PS> $Matches.2
CONTOSO\jsmith

Additional Resources:

• To Get Multiple Matches, see How to capture multiple regex matches
• To Pass Options/Flags, see Pass regex options to PowerShell [regex] type

Late answer, but to loop multiple matches and groups I use:

$pattern = "Login:\s*([^\s]+)\s*Password:\s*([^\s]+)\s*"
$matches = [regex]::Matches($input_string, $pattern)


foreach ($match in $matches)
{
Write-Host  $match.Groups[1].Value
Write-Host  $match.Groups[2].Value
}