Android M 6支持运行时权限。运行时权限只能在棉花糖上工作，在棉花糖之前它仍然按照旧的方式工作。

你可以在 Android 开发者官方视频中了解更多:

Https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c8ludpvszdk

请求许可: http://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html

此对话框由可在 Google Play Services 中获得的 位置设置请求。生成器创建。

你需要给你的应用程序 build.gradle添加一个依赖项:

compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:10.0.1'

然后你可以用这个最小的例子:

private void displayLocationSettingsRequest(Context context) {
GoogleApiClient googleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(context)
.addApi(LocationServices.API).build();
googleApiClient.connect();


LocationRequest locationRequest = LocationRequest.create();
locationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
locationRequest.setInterval(10000);
locationRequest.setFastestInterval(10000 / 2);


LocationSettingsRequest.Builder builder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder().addLocationRequest(locationRequest);
builder.setAlwaysShow(true);


PendingResult<LocationSettingsResult> result = LocationServices.SettingsApi.checkLocationSettings(googleApiClient, builder.build());
result.setResultCallback(new ResultCallback<LocationSettingsResult>() {
@Override
public void onResult(LocationSettingsResult result) {
final Status status = result.getStatus();
switch (status.getStatusCode()) {
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SUCCESS:
Log.i(TAG, "All location settings are satisfied.");
break;
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED:
Log.i(TAG, "Location settings are not satisfied. Show the user a dialog to upgrade location settings ");


try {
// Show the dialog by calling startResolutionForResult(), and check the result
// in onActivityResult().
status.startResolutionForResult(MainActivity.this, REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS);
} catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {
Log.i(TAG, "PendingIntent unable to execute request.");
}
break;
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE:
Log.i(TAG, "Location settings are inadequate, and cannot be fixed here. Dialog not created.");
break;
}
}
});
}

您可以找到完整的示例 给你。

谢谢 Mattia Maestrini 的回答，我想用

compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:8.1.0'

这样可以防止你的应用程序包含不必要的库，并有助于保持你的方法计数低。

它的工作方式类似于谷歌地图

在 build.gradle 文件 中添加依赖项

compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:8.3.0'

这个或那个

compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:10.0.1'

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.IntentSender;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;


import com.google.android.gms.common.ConnectionResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.GoogleApiClient;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.PendingResult;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.ResultCallback;
import com.google.android.gms.common.api.Status;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationRequest;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationServices;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationSettingsRequest;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationSettingsResult;
import com.google.android.gms.location.LocationSettingsStatusCodes;


import java.util.List;


public class LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps extends AppCompatActivity {


protected static final String TAG = "LocationOnOff";


private GoogleApiClient googleApiClient;
final static int REQUEST_LOCATION = 199;


@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);


this.setFinishOnTouchOutside(true);


// Todo Location Already on  ... start
final LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
if (manager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER) && hasGPSDevice(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this)) {
Toast.makeText(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this,"Gps already enabled",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
}
// Todo Location Already on  ... end


if(!hasGPSDevice(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this)){
Toast.makeText(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this,"Gps not Supported",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}


if (!manager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER) && hasGPSDevice(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this)) {
Log.e("keshav","Gps already enabled");
Toast.makeText(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this,"Gps not enabled",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
enableLoc();
}else{
Log.e("keshav","Gps already enabled");
Toast.makeText(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this,"Gps already enabled",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}




private boolean hasGPSDevice(Context context) {
final LocationManager mgr = (LocationManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
if (mgr == null)
return false;
final List<String> providers = mgr.getAllProviders();
if (providers == null)
return false;
return providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
}


private void enableLoc() {


if (googleApiClient == null) {
googleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this)
.addApi(LocationServices.API)
.addConnectionCallbacks(new GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks() {
@Override
public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {


}


@Override
public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {
googleApiClient.connect();
}
})
.addOnConnectionFailedListener(new GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener() {
@Override
public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {


Log.d("Location error","Location error " + connectionResult.getErrorCode());
}
}).build();
googleApiClient.connect();


LocationRequest locationRequest = LocationRequest.create();
locationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
locationRequest.setInterval(30 * 1000);
locationRequest.setFastestInterval(5 * 1000);
LocationSettingsRequest.Builder builder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder()
.addLocationRequest(locationRequest);


builder.setAlwaysShow(true);


PendingResult<LocationSettingsResult> result =
LocationServices.SettingsApi.checkLocationSettings(googleApiClient, builder.build());
result.setResultCallback(new ResultCallback<LocationSettingsResult>() {
@Override
public void onResult(LocationSettingsResult result) {
final Status status = result.getStatus();
switch (status.getStatusCode()) {
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED:
try {
// Show the dialog by calling startResolutionForResult(),
// and check the result in onActivityResult().
status.startResolutionForResult(LocationOnOff_Similar_To_Google_Maps.this, REQUEST_LOCATION);


finish();
} catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {
// Ignore the error.
}
break;
}
}
});
}
}


}

随着最近的棉花糖更新，即使当位置设置打开，您的应用程序将需要明确要求的权限。推荐的方法是显示应用程序的权限部分，用户可以在其中根据需要切换权限。执行此操作的代码片段如下:

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {

if (this.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
builder.setTitle("Location Permission");
builder.setMessage("The app needs location permissions. Please grant this permission to continue using the features of the app.");
builder.setPositiveButton(android.R.string.yes, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {
requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, PERMISSION_REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION);

}
});
builder.setNegativeButton(android.R.string.no, null);
builder.show();
}
} else {
// do programatically as show in the other answer
}

并重写 onRequestPermissionsResult方法，如下所示:

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case PERMISSION_REQUEST_COARSE_LOCATION: {
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Log.d(TAG, "coarse location permission granted");
} else {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
intent.setData(uri);
startActivity(intent);
}
}
}
}

另一种方法是，您还可以使用 设置阿比查询启用了哪些位置提供程序。如果没有启用，您可以提示一个对话框从应用程序中更改设置。

感谢 Mattia Maestrini

Xamarin 解决方案:

using Android.Gms.Common.Apis;
using Android.Gms.Location;


public const int REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS = 0x1;


private void DisplayLocationSettingsRequest()
{
var googleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this).AddApi(LocationServices.API).Build();
googleApiClient.Connect();


var locationRequest = LocationRequest.Create();
locationRequest.SetPriority(LocationRequest.PriorityHighAccuracy);
locationRequest.SetInterval(10000);
locationRequest.SetFastestInterval(10000 / 2);


var builder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder().AddLocationRequest(locationRequest);
builder.SetAlwaysShow(true);


var result = LocationServices.SettingsApi.CheckLocationSettings(googleApiClient, builder.Build());
result.SetResultCallback((LocationSettingsResult callback) =>
{
switch (callback.Status.StatusCode)
{
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.Success:
{
DoStuffWithLocation();
break;
}
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.ResolutionRequired:
{
try
{
// Show the dialog by calling startResolutionForResult(), and check the result
// in onActivityResult().
callback.Status.StartResolutionForResult(this, REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS);
}
catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e)
{
}


break;
}
default:
{
// If all else fails, take the user to the android location settings
StartActivity(new Intent(Android.Provider.Settings.ActionLocationSourceSettings));
break;
}
}
});
}


protected override void OnActivityResult(int requestCode, Android.App.Result resultCode, Intent data)
{
switch (requestCode)
{
case REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS:
{
switch (resultCode)
{
case Android.App.Result.Ok:
{
DoStuffWithLocation();
break;
}
case Android.App.Result.Canceled:
{
//No location
break;
}
}
break;
}
}
}

注意:

这对华为或其它没有安装谷歌服务的设备不起作用。

按照下面提到的步骤操作

1) 按照你的意愿创建一个 LocationRequest

LocationRequest mLocationRequest = LocationRequest.create()
.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY)
.setInterval(10 * 1000)
.setFastestInterval(1 * 1000);

2) 创建一个 LocationSettingsRequest.Builder

LocationSettingsRequest.Builder settingsBuilder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder()
.addLocationRequest(mLocationRequest);
settingsBuilder.setAlwaysShow(true);

3) 使用以下代码获取 LocationSettingsResponse Task

Task<LocationSettingsResponse> result = LocationServices.getSettingsClient(this)
.checkLocationSettings(settingsBuilder.build());

注意: LocationServices.SettingsApi不推荐使用，改为使用 SettingsClient。

4) 添加一个 OnCompleteListener来获得 Task 的结果。当 Task完成时，客户端可以通过查看来自 LocationSettingsResponse对象的状态代码来检查位置设置。

result.addOnCompleteListener(new OnCompleteListener<LocationSettingsResponse>() {
@Override
public void onComplete(@NonNull Task<LocationSettingsResponse> task) {
try {
LocationSettingsResponse response =
task.getResult(ApiException.class);
} catch (ApiException ex) {
switch (ex.getStatusCode()) {
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED:
try {
ResolvableApiException resolvableApiException =
(ResolvableApiException) ex;
resolvableApiException
.startResolutionForResult(MapsActivity.this,
LOCATION_SETTINGS_REQUEST);
} catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {


}
break;
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE:


break;
}
}
}
});

情况1: LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED: Location 没有启用，但是，我们可以通过对话框提示用户打开该位置(通过调用 startResolutionForResult)来要求用户启用该位置。

情况2: LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE: 位置设置不满足。但是，我们没有办法修复设置，所以我们不会显示对话框。

5) OnActivityResult我们可以在位置设置对话框中得到用户动作。用户打开位置。RESULT_CANCELLED-用户拒绝了位置设置请求。

implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:16.0.0'

变量声明

private SettingsClient mSettingsClient;
private LocationSettingsRequest mLocationSettingsRequest;
private static final int REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS = 214;
private static final int REQUEST_ENABLE_GPS = 516;

使用以下代码打开对话框

LocationSettingsRequest.Builder builder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder();
builder.addLocationRequest(new LocationRequest().setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY));
builder.setAlwaysShow(true);
mLocationSettingsRequest = builder.build();


mSettingsClient = LocationServices.getSettingsClient(YourActivity.this);


mSettingsClient
.checkLocationSettings(mLocationSettingsRequest)
.addOnSuccessListener(new OnSuccessListener<LocationSettingsResponse>() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(LocationSettingsResponse locationSettingsResponse) {
//Success Perform Task Here
}
})
.addOnFailureListener(new OnFailureListener() {
@Override
public void onFailure(@NonNull Exception e) {
int statusCode = ((ApiException) e).getStatusCode();
switch (statusCode) {
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED:
try {
ResolvableApiException rae = (ResolvableApiException) e;
rae.startResolutionForResult(YourActivity.this, REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS);
} catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException sie) {
Log.e("GPS","Unable to execute request.");
}
break;
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE:
Log.e("GPS","Location settings are inadequate, and cannot be fixed here. Fix in Settings.");
}
}
})
.addOnCanceledListener(new OnCanceledListener() {
@Override
public void onCanceled() {
Log.e("GPS","checkLocationSettings -> onCanceled");
}
});

OnActivityResult

@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);


if (requestCode == REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS) {
switch (resultCode) {
case Activity.RESULT_OK:
//Success Perform Task Here
break;
case Activity.RESULT_CANCELED:
Log.e("GPS","User denied to access location");
openGpsEnableSetting();
break;
}
} else if (requestCode == REQUEST_ENABLE_GPS) {
LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
boolean isGpsEnabled = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);


if (!isGpsEnabled) {
openGpsEnableSetting();
} else {
navigateToUser();
}
}
}


private void openGpsEnableSetting() {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_ENABLE_GPS);
}

Kotlin 溶液

加入 build.gradle(Module:app)

implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:17.0.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.0'

然后创建这个函数

fun enablegps() {


val mLocationRequest = LocationRequest.create()
.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY)
.setInterval(2000)
.setFastestInterval(1000)


val settingsBuilder = LocationSettingsRequest.Builder()
.addLocationRequest(mLocationRequest)
settingsBuilder.setAlwaysShow(true)


val result = LocationServices.getSettingsClient(this).checkLocationSettings(settingsBuilder.build())
result.addOnCompleteListener { task ->


//getting the status code from exception
try {
task.getResult(ApiException::class.java)
} catch (ex: ApiException) {


when (ex.statusCode) {


LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED -> try {


Toast.makeText(this,"GPS IS OFF",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()


// Show the dialog by calling startResolutionForResult(), and check the result
// in onActivityResult().
val resolvableApiException = ex as ResolvableApiException
resolvableApiException.startResolutionForResult(this,REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS
)
} catch (e: IntentSender.SendIntentException) {
Toast.makeText(this,"PendingIntent unable to execute request.",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()


}


LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE -> {


Toast.makeText(
this,
"Something is wrong in your GPS",
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT
).show()


}




}
}






}




}

我在研究中发现的最简单的方法是为这个位置请求过程创建一个 Util 类，然后调用它为我们打开 GPS。

请看这个博客! 它讲述了整个故事。

如果希望在 Fragment中替换不推荐的 onActivityResult和 startResolutionForResult，请参见 https://stackoverflow.com/a/65816646/2914140。

val checkLocationSettings =
registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartIntentSenderForResult()) { result ->
if (result.resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
// GPS is turned on in system settings.
}
}


...


val intentSenderRequest = IntentSenderRequest.Builder(resolvable.resolution).build()
checkLocationSettings.launch(intentSenderRequest)

 private void openDeviceLocationRequest() {
if (!locationPermissionGranted)
return;


LocationRequest locationRequest = LocationRequest.create();
locationRequest.setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY);
LocationSettingsRequest.Builder builder = new LocationSettingsRequest.Builder()
.addLocationRequest(locationRequest);
builder.setAlwaysShow(true); //this is the key ingredient


Task<LocationSettingsResponse> result =
LocationServices.getSettingsClient(this).checkLocationSettings(builder.build());
result.addOnCompleteListener(task -> {
try {
LocationSettingsResponse response = task.getResult(ApiException.class);
// All location settings are satisfied. The client can initialize location
// requests here.
if(lastKnownLocation == null)
getDeviceLocation();


} catch (ApiException exception) {
switch (exception.getStatusCode()) {
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.RESOLUTION_REQUIRED:
// Location settings are not satisfied. But could be fixed by showing the
// user a dialog.
try {
// Cast to a resolvable exception.
ResolvableApiException resolvable = (ResolvableApiException) exception;
// Show the dialog by calling startResolutionForResult(),
// and check the result in onActivityResult().
resolvable.startResolutionForResult(
MapAddressActivity.this,
REQUEST_CHECK_SETTINGS);
} catch (IntentSender.SendIntentException e) {
// Ignore the error.
} catch (ClassCastException e) {
// Ignore, should be an impossible error.
}
break;
case LocationSettingsStatusCodes.SETTINGS_CHANGE_UNAVAILABLE:
// Location settings are not satisfied. However, we have no way to fix the
// settings so we won't show the dialog.
break;
}
}
});
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate( savedInstanceState );
setContentView( R.layout.activity_main );


LocationManager manager = (LocationManager) getSystemService( Context.LOCATION_SERVICE );
if (!manager.isProviderEnabled( LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER )) {
buildAlertMessageNoGps();
}
}
private void buildAlertMessageNoGps() {
final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder( this );
builder.setMessage( "Your GPS seems to be disabled, do you want to enable it?" )
.setCancelable( false )
.setPositiveButton( "Yes", (dialog, id) -> startActivity( new Intent( android.provider.Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS ) ) )
.setNegativeButton( "No", (dialog, id) -> dialog.cancel() );
final AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
alert.show();
}