如何并行运行 NUnit 测试？

It would be a bit of a hack, but you could split the unit tests into a number of categories. Then, start up a new instance of NUnit for each category.

Edit: It looks like they have added a /process option to the console app. The command-line help states this is the "Process model for tests: Single, Separate, Multiple". The test runner also appears to have this feature.

Edit 2: Unfortunately, although it does create separate processes for each assembly, the process isolation option (/process from the command line) runs the agents one at a time.

In this article it is mentioned that in order to speed up tests the poster runs multiple instances of NUnit with command parameters specifying which tests each instance should run.

FTA:

I ran into an odd problem.

We use nunit-console to run test on our continuous integration server. Recently we were moving from Nunit 2.4.8 to 2.5.5 and from .Net 3.5 to 4.0. To speed up test execution we run multiple instances of Nunit in parallel with different command line arguments

• We have two copies of our test assemblies and the nunit binaries in folder A and B.
• In folder A we execute

nunit-console-x86.exe Model.dll Test.dll /exclude:MyCategory /xml=TestResults.xml /framework=net-4.0 /noshadow

• In folder B we execute

nunit-console-x86.exe Model.dll Test.dll /include:MyCategory /xml=TestResults.xml /framework=net-4.0 /noshadow

If we execute the commands in sequence both run successfully. But if we execute them in parallel only one succeeds. As far as I can tell it's the one that first loads the test fixtures. The other fails with the message "Unable to locate fixture".

Is this problem already known? I could not find anything related in the bug list on launchpad. BTW Our server runs Windows Server 2008 64-bit. I could also reproduce the problem on Windows 7 64-bit.

Assuming this bug is fixed or you are not running the newer version(s) of the software mentioned you should be able to replicate their technique.

Update

TeamCity looks like a tool you can use to automatically run NUnit tests. They have an NUnit launcher discussed here that could be used to launch multiple NUnit instances. Here is a blog post discussing the mergind of multiple NUnit XML results into a single result file.

So theoretically you could have TeamCity automatically launch multiple NUnit tests based on however you want to split up the workload and then merge the results into a single file for post test processing.

Is that automated enough for your needs?

Just because PNUnit can do synchronization inside test code doesn't mean that you actually have to use that aspect. As far as I can see there's nothing to prevent you from just spawning a set and ignoring the rest till you need it.

BTW I don't have the time to read all of their source but was curious to check out the Barrier class and it's a very simple lock counter. It just waits till N threads enter and then sends the pulse for all of them to continue running at the same time. That's all there is to it - if you don't touch it, it won't bite you.

Might be a bit counter intuitive for a normal threaded development (locks are normally used to serialize access - 1 by 1) but it is quite a spirited diversion :-)

If you want to run NUnit tests in parallel, there are at least 2 options:

• NCrunch offers it out of the box (without changing anything, but is a commercial product)
• NUnit 3 offers a Parallelizable attribute, which can be used to denote which tests can be run in parallel

Since the project hasn't been mentioned here, I would like to bring up NUnit.Multicore. I haven't tried the project myself, but it seems to have an interesting approach to the parallel test problem with NUnit.

If your project contains multiple test DLLs you can run them in parallel using this MSBuild script. Obviously you'll need to tweak the paths to suit your project layout.

To run with 8 cores run with: c:\proj> msbuild /m:8 RunTests.xml

RunTests.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="RunTestsInParallel" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\MSBuildCommunityTasks\MSBuild.Community.Tasks.Targets"/>
<PropertyGroup>
<Configuration Condition=" '$(Configuration)' == '' ">Release</Configuration>
<Nunit Condition=" '$(Nunit)' == '' ">$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)\..\tools\nunit-console-x86.exe</Nunit>
</PropertyGroup>


<!-- see http://mikefourie.wordpress.com/2010/12/04/running-targets-in-parallel-in-msbuild/ -->


<Target Name="RunTestsInParallel">
<ItemGroup>
<TestDlls Include="..\bin\Tests\$(Configuration)\*.Tests.dll" />
</ItemGroup>


<ItemGroup>
<TempProjects Include="$(MSBuildProjectFile)" >
<Properties>TestDllFile=%(TestDlls.FullPath)</Properties>
</TempProjects>
</ItemGroup>


<MSBuild Projects="@(TempProjects)" BuildInParallel="true" Targets="RunOneTestDll" />
</Target>


<Target Name="RunOneTestDll">
<Message Text="$(TestDllFile)" />
<Exec Command="$(Nunit) /exclude=Integration $(TestDllFile)  /labels /xml:$(TestDllFile).results.xml"
WorkingDirectory="$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)\..\bin\Tests\$(Configuration)" />
</Target>


</Project>

Update If I were answering this question now I would highly recommend NCrunch and its command line test running tool for maximum test run performance. There's nothing like it and it'll revolutionise your code-test-debug cycle at the same time.

You can now use NCrunch to parallelize your unit tests and you can even configure how many cores should be used by NCrunch and how many should be used by Visual Studio.

plus you get continuous testing as a bonus :)

You can try my small tool TBox or console parallel Runner or even plugin to do distributed calulations, which also can run unit tests on the set of PCs SkyNet

TBox is created to simplify work with big solutions, which contains many projects. It supports many plugins and one of them provide ability to run NUnit tests in parallel. This plugin does not require any changes to your existing tests.

Also it support:

• Cloning of the folder with unit test (if your tests changes local data),

• Synchronizations of the tests (for example if your tests on testfixtureteardown kills all dev servers or chromerunner for qunit )

• x86 mode and Admin privileges to run tests

• Batch run - you can run tests for many assemblies in parallel

• Even for single thread run, works faster than standart nunit runner, if you have much small tests.

Also this tool supports command line tests runner (for parallel run) and you can use it with continuous integration.

NUnit version 3 will support running tests in parallel:

Adding the attribute to a class: [Parallelizable(ParallelScope.Self)] will run your tests in parallel.

• ParallelScope.None indicates that the test may not be run in parallel with other tests.

• ParallelScope.Self indicates that the test itself may be run in parallel with other tests.

• ParallelScope.Children indicates that the descendants of the test may be run in parallel with respect to one another.

• ParallelScope.Fixtures indicates that fixtures may be run in parallel with one another.

NUnit Framework-Parallel-Test-Execution

I have successfully used NUnit 3.0.0 beta-4 to run tests in parallel

• Runs on build server
• Runs Selenium tests
• Has Visual Studio support
• no Resharper support yet

Thanks for peers answer.

Gotchas:

• Parallelizable attribute is not inherited, so it has to be specified on the test class.

You can use following PowerShell command (for NUnit3, for NUnit2 change runner name):

PS> nunit3-console (ls -r *\bin\Debug\*.Tests.dll | % FullName | sort-object -Unique)

Presented command runs all test assemblies in single nunit instance, which allows to leverage engine built-in parallel test run.

Remarks

1. Remember to tweak directory search pattern. Given example runs only assemblies ending with .Tests.dll and inside \bin\Debug directories.

2. Be aware of Unique filtering - you may not want to have it.

As an alternative to adding the Parallelizable attribute to every test class:

Add this into the test project AssemblyInfo.cs class for nunit3 or greater:

// Make all tests in the test assembly run in parallel
[assembly: Parallelizable(ParallelScope.Fixtures)]

To achieve level of parallelism ensure to do these two:

1)Nunit Explorer - Settings - Run tests in parallel

2)LevelOfParallelism

This is an assembly-level attribute used to specify the level of parallelism, that is, the maximum number of worker threads executing tests in the assembly.

In Assemblyinfo.cs, set

[assembly:LevelOfParallelism(N)] => here N is number