如何在 CentOS7中安装 pip？

CentOS 7 EPEL 现在包括 Python 3.4: yum install python34

然而，当我尝试这样做时，即使 Python 3.4安装成功，它似乎也没有安装 pip。这很奇怪，因为在 Python 3.4中默认应该包含 pip。which pip3什么都没找到，which pip也没有。

如何访问 CentOS 7 EPEL 发行版中 Python 3.4包中的 pip？

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小开 
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.4

Or if you don't have curl for some reason:

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
python3.4 get-pip.py

After this you should be able to run 

$ pip3
小开

The CentOS 7 yum package for python34 does include the ensurepip module, but for some reason is missing the setuptools and pip files that should be a part of that module. To fix, download the latest wheels from PyPI into the module's _bundled directory (/lib64/python3.4/ensurepip/_bundled/):

setuptools-18.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
pip-7.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl

then edit __init__.py to match the downloaded versions:

_SETUPTOOLS_VERSION = "18.4"
_PIP_VERSION = "7.1.2"

after which python3.4 -m ensurepip works as intended. Ensurepip is invoked automatically every time you create a virtual environment, for example:

pyvenv-3.4 py3
source py3/bin/activate

Hopefully RH will fix the broken Python3.4 yum package so that manual patching isn't needed.

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On CentOS 7, the pip version is pip3.4 and is located here:

/usr/local/bin/pip3.4
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Update: The python34 bug mentioned below has finally been fixed. It is a perfectly fine choice now.

Rather than using broken EPEL python34 packages, you can enable the IUS repo and have it work properly.

  • pip inside virtual environments

The main python34u and python35u IUS packages include the pyvenv tool (/usr/bin/pyvenv-3.4 or /usr/bin/pyvenv-3.5) that includes bundled wheels of pip and setuptools for bootstrapping virtual environments.

  • global pip

The python34u-pip and python35u-pip IUS packages include /usr/bin/pip3.4 and /usr/bin/pip3.5 respectively. These work just fine to install packages to the system site-packages directory.

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最佳答案

The easiest way I've found to install pip3 (for python3.x packages) on CentOS 7 is:

$ sudo yum install python34-setuptools
$ sudo easy_install-3.4 pip

You'll need to have the EPEL repository enabled before hand, of course.

You should now be able to run commands like the following to install packages for python3.x:

$ pip3 install foo
小开 
yum install python34-pip


pip3.4 install foo

You will likely need the EPEL repositories installed:

yum install -y epel-release

小开

There is a easy way of doing this by just using easy_install (A Setuptools to package python librarie).

  • Assumption. Before doing this check whether you have python installed into your Centos machine (at least 2.x).

  • Steps to install pip.

    1. So lets do install easy_install,

      sudo yum install python-setuptools python-setuptools-devel

    2. Now lets do pip with easy_install,

      sudo easy_install pip

That's Great. Now you have pip :)

小开

Figure out what version of python3 you have installed:

yum search pip

and then install the best match. Use reqoquery to find name of resulting pip3.e.g

repoquery -l python36u-pip

tells me to use pip3.6 instead of pip3

小开

Below are the steps I followed to install python34 and pip

yum update -y
yum -y install yum-utils
yum -y groupinstall development
yum -y install https://centos7.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm
yum makecache
yum -y install python34u  python34u-pip
python3.6 -v
echo "alias python=/usr/bin/python3.4" >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
pip3 install --upgrade pip


# if yum install python34u-pip doesnt work, try


curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python
小开

Update 2019

I tried easy_install at first but it doesn't install packages in a clean and intuitive way. Also when it comes time to remove packages it left a lot of artifacts that needed to be cleaned up.

sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install python34-pip
pip install package

Was the solution that worked for me, it installs "pip3" as pip on the system. It also uses standard rpm structure so it clean in its removal. I am not sure what process you would need to take if you want both python2 and python3 package manager on your system.


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