索引是on-disk structure associated with a table or view that speeds retrieval of rows from the table or view。索引包含从表或视图中的一个或多个列构建的键。这些键存储在一个结构(b -树)中,使SQL Server能够快速有效地查找与键值关联的行。
Indexes are automatically created when PRIMARY KEY and UNIQUE constraints are defined on table columns. For example, when you create a table with a UNIQUE constraint, Database Engine automatically creates a nonclustered index.