For Mac, use Command + Option + Left and Command + Option + Right
If these don't work for you, it is possible that these keys are assigned for some of the functions of your OS/video drivers, you can either disable the shortcuts that are using these keys from operating system settings/video driver settings or change shortcuts from Android Studio itself by going to:
File > Settings > Keymap > Main menu > Navigate > Back/Forward
Mac users can find this dialog by going to Android Studio's: App Menu -> Preferences
For those coming from Eclipse, you can have Android Studio use Eclipse style keyboard mappings. Keep in mind host OS can still intercept keystrokes and prevent some keystrokes from working as desired in both Eclipse and Android Studio. If you want to give it a try, here is where to switch it:
In Android Studio, go to View and check the ToolBar option. It will show the Back and Forward buttons.
cmd + [ and cmd + ] will move your caret to the previous and next positions.
Confirmed on Android Studio v2.3.3 / MacOS
Use Ctrl + Alt + Left and Ctrl + Alt + Right
For Mac, use Command + Option + Left and Command + Option + Right
If these don't work for you, it is possible that these keys are assigned for some of the functions of your OS/video drivers, you can either disable the shortcuts that are using these keys from operating system settings/video driver settings or change shortcuts from Android Studio itself by going to:
File > Settings > Keymap > Main menu > Navigate > Back/Forward
Mac users can find this dialog by going to Android Studio's: App Menu -> Preferences
For Windows/Linux : Ctrl + Alt + Left / Right
For Mac : Cmd + Alt + Left / Right
Another option : move to the last edit location: CTRL + SHIFT + BACKSPACE
Move to the last cursor position: CTRL + ALT + left Arrow
cmd + [ and cmd + ] will move your caret to the previous and next positions.
Confirmed on Android Studio v3.0.1 / MacOS High Sierra Version 10.13.3