XPath 中不区分大小写的匹配？

例如，对于下面的 XML

<CATALOG>
<CD title="Empire Burlesque"/>
<CD title="empire burlesque"/>
<CD title="EMPIRE BURLESQUE"/>
<CD title="EmPiRe BuRLeSQuE"/>
<CD title="Others"/>
<CATALOG>

如何使用 xpath (如 //CD[@title='empire burlesque'])匹配前4条记录。是否有 xpath 函数来完成这个操作？其他解决方案，如 PHP 函数也接受。

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最佳答案

XPath 2 has a lower-case (and upper-case) string function. That's not quite the same as case-insensitive, but hopefully it will be close enough:

//CD[lower-case(@title)='empire burlesque']

If you are using XPath 1, there is a hack using translate.

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One possible PHP solution:

// load XML to SimpleXML
$x = simplexml_load_string($xmlstr);


// index it by title once
$index = array();
foreach ($x->CD as &$cd) {
$title = strtolower((string)$cd['title']);
if (!array_key_exists($title, $index)) $index[$title] = array();
$index[$title][] = &$cd;
}


// query the index
$result = $index[strtolower("EMPIRE BURLESQUE")];
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matches() is an XPATH 2.0 function that allows for case-insensitive regex matching.

One of the flags is i for case-insensitive matching.

The following XPATH using the matches() function with the case-insensitive flag:

//CD[matches(@title,'empire burlesque','i')]
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You mentioned that PHP solutions were acceptable, and PHP does offer a way to accomplish this even though it only supports XPath v1.0. You can extend the XPath support to allow PHP function calls.

$xpathObj = new DOMXPath($docObj);
$xpathObj->registerNamespace('php','http://php.net/xpath'); // (required)
$xpathObj->registerPhpFunctions("strtolower"); // (leave empty to allow *any* PHP function)
$xpathObj->query('//CD[php:functionString("strtolower",@title) = "empire burlesque"]');

See the PHP registerPhpFunctions documentation for more examples. It basically demonstrates that "php:function" is for boolean evaluation and "php:functionString" is for string evaluation.

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This does not work in Chrome Developer tools to locate a element, i am looking to locate the 'Submit' button in the screen

//input[matches(@value,'submit','i')]

However, using 'translate' to replace all caps to small works as below

//input[translate(@value,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz') = 'submit']

Update: I just found the reason why 'matches' doesnt work. I am using Chrome with xpath 1.0 which wont understand the syntax 'matches'. It should be xpath 2.0

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for selenium xpath lower-case will not work ... Translate will help Case 1 :

  1. using Attribute //*[translate(@id,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')='login_field']
  2. Using any attribute //[translate(@,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')='login_field']

Case 2 : (with contains) //[contains(translate(@id,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'),'login_field')]

case 3 : for Text property //*[contains(translate(text(), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'),'username')]


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