如何在 R 中绘制函数曲线

You mean like this?

> eq = function(x){x*x}
> plot(eq(1:1000), type='l')

(Or whatever range of values is relevant to your function)

plot has a plot.function method

plot(eq, 1, 1000)

Or

curve(eq, 1, 1000)

I did some searching on the web, and this are some ways that I found:

The easiest way is using curve without predefined function

curve(x^2, from=1, to=50, , xlab="x", ylab="y")

You can also use curve when you have a predfined function

eq = function(x){x*x}
curve(eq, from=1, to=50, xlab="x", ylab="y")

If you want to use ggplot,

library("ggplot2")
eq = function(x){x*x}
ggplot(data.frame(x=c(1, 50)), aes(x=x)) +
stat_function(fun=eq)

Here is a lattice version:

library(lattice)
eq<-function(x) {x*x}
X<-1:1000
xyplot(eq(X)~X,type="l")

Lattice solution with additional settings which I needed:

library(lattice)
distribution<-function(x) {2^(-x*2)}
X<-seq(0,10,0.00001)
xyplot(distribution(X)~X,type="l", col = rgb(red = 255, green = 90, blue = 0, maxColorValue = 255), cex.lab = 3.5, cex.axis = 3.5, lwd=2 )

1. If you need your range of values for x plotted in increments different from 1, e.g. 0.00001 you can use:

X<-seq(0,10,0.00001)

2. You can change the colour of your line by defining a rgb value:

col = rgb(red = 255, green = 90, blue = 0, maxColorValue = 255)

3. You can change the width of the plotted line by setting:

lwd = 2

4. You can change the size of the labels by scaling them:

cex.lab = 3.5, cex.axis = 3.5

As sjdh also mentioned, ggplot2 comes to the rescue. A more intuitive way without making a dummy data set is to use xlim:

library(ggplot2)
eq <- function(x){sin(x)}
base <- ggplot() + xlim(0, 30)
base + geom_function(fun=eq)

Additionally, for a smoother graph we can set the number of points over which the graph is interpolated using n:

base + geom_function(fun=eq, n=10000)

Function containing parameters

I had a function (emax()) involving 3 parameters (a, b & h) whose line I wanted to plot:

emax = function(x, a, b, h){
(a * x^h)/(b + x^h)
}
curve(emax, from = 1, to = 40, n=40 a = 1, b = 2, h = 3)

which errored with Error in emax(x) : argument "a" is missing, with no default error.

This is fixed by putting the named arguments within the function using this syntax:

curve(emax(x, a = 1, b = 2, h = 3), from = 1, to = 40, n = 40)

which is contrary to the documentation which writes curve(expr, from, to, n, ...) rather than curve(expr(x,...), from, to, n).