如何在vim中交换两个打开文件的位置(在分割中)?

小开

看一下:h ctrl-w_ctrl-x和/或:h ctrl-w_ctrl-r。这些命令允许您在当前布局中交换或旋转窗口。

编辑:实际上，在这种情况下，这将不起作用，因为它只会交换当前列或行。您可以转到每个窗口并选择目标缓冲区，但这相当繁琐。

小开

兰迪的正确，因为CTRL-W x不想交换不在同一列/行中的窗口。

我发现CTRL-W HJKL键在操作窗口时最有用。它们将迫使您的当前窗口离开其当前位置，并告诉它占据您按下的键方向所指示的整个边缘。更多细节见:help window-moving。

对于上面的例子，如果你从窗口“one”开始，这就是你想要的:

CTRL-W K   # moves window "one" to be topmost,
#   stacking "one", "two", "three" top to bottom
CTRL-W j   # moves cursor to window "two"
CTRL-W H   # moves window "two" to be leftmost,
#   leaving "one" and "three" split at right

为了方便起见，你可以将你需要的序列分配给键映射(参见:help mapping)。

小开

从这个开始:

____________________
| one       | two  |
|           |      |
|           |______|
|           | three|
|           |      |
|___________|______|

将'three'设为活动窗口，然后发出命令ctrl+w J。这将移动当前窗口以填充屏幕底部，给你留下:

____________________
| one       | two  |
|           |      |
|___________|______|
| three            |
|                  |
|__________________|

现在将'one'或'two'设置为活动窗口，然后发出命令ctrl+w r。这将“旋转”当前行中的窗口，留给你:

____________________
| two       | one  |
|           |      |
|___________|______|
| three            |
|                  |
|__________________|

现在将'two'设为活动窗口，并发出命令ctrl+w H。这将移动当前窗口以填充屏幕的左侧，给你留下:

____________________
| two       | one  |
|           |      |
|           |______|
|           | three|
|           |      |
|___________|______|

如你所见，这个动作有点乱。它有3个窗口，有点像“瓷砖游戏”谜题。如果你有4个或更多的窗口，我不建议你尝试这个方法——你最好关闭它们，然后在需要的位置重新打开它们。

我做了一个视频演示如何工作与分裂的窗口在Vim。

小开

最佳答案

有点晚了，但在寻找其他东西时看到了这个。我写了两个函数来标记一个窗口，然后在窗口之间交换缓冲区。这似乎就是你想要的。

只要把这些放在你的.vimrc中，然后映射你认为合适的函数:

function! MarkWindowSwap()
let g:markedWinNum = winnr()
endfunction


function! DoWindowSwap()
"Mark destination
let curNum = winnr()
let curBuf = bufnr( "%" )
exe g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w"
"Switch to source and shuffle dest->source
let markedBuf = bufnr( "%" )
"Hide and open so that we aren't prompted and keep history
exe 'hide buf' curBuf
"Switch to dest and shuffle source->dest
exe curNum . "wincmd w"
"Hide and open so that we aren't prompted and keep history
exe 'hide buf' markedBuf
endfunction


nmap <silent> <leader>mw :call MarkWindowSwap()<CR>
nmap <silent> <leader>pw :call DoWindowSwap()<CR>

要使用(假设您的mapleader设置为\)，您将:

移动到窗口以标记交换通道 ctrl-w运动< / em >

类型\兆瓦

移动到要交换的窗口

类型\ pw

瞧!交换缓冲区没有搞砸你的窗口布局!

小开

在@sgriffin的答案上构建严重，这里有一些更接近你所要求的东西:

function! MarkWindow() let g:markedWinNum = winnr() endfunction function! SwapBufferWithMarkedWindow() " Capture current window and buffer let curWinNum = winnr() let curBufNum = bufnr("%") " Switch to marked window, mark buffer, and open current buffer execute g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" let markedBufNum = bufnr("%") execute "hide buf" curBufNum " Switch back to current window and open marked buffer execute curWinNum . "wincmd w" execute "hide buf" markedBufNum endfunction function! CloseMarkedWindow() " Capture current window let curWinNum = winnr() " Switch to marked window and close it, then switch back to current window execute g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" execute "hide close" execute "wincmd p" endfunction function! MoveWindowLeft() call MarkWindow() execute "wincmd h" if winnr() == g:markedWinNum execute "wincmd H" else let g:markedWinNum += 1 execute "wincmd s" execute g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" execute "wincmd h" call SwapBufferWithMarkedWindow() call CloseMarkedWindow() endif endfunction function! MoveWindowDown() call MarkWindow() execute "wincmd j" if winnr() == g:markedWinNum execute "wincmd J" else execute "wincmd v" execute g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" execute "wincmd j" call SwapBufferWithMarkedWindow() call CloseMarkedWindow() endif endfunction function! MoveWindowUp() call MarkWindow() execute "wincmd k" if winnr() == g:markedWinNum execute "wincmd K" else let g:markedWinNum += 1 execute "wincmd v" execute g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" execute "wincmd k" call SwapBufferWithMarkedWindow() call CloseMarkedWindow() endif endfunction function! MoveWindowRight() call MarkWindow() execute "wincmd l" if winnr() == g:markedWinNum execute "wincmd L" else execute "wincmd s" execute g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" execute "wincmd l" call SwapBufferWithMarkedWindow() call CloseMarkedWindow() endif endfunction nnoremap <silent> <Leader>wm :call MarkWindow()<CR> nnoremap <silent> <Leader>ws :call SwapBufferWithMarkedWindow()<CR> nnoremap <silent> <Leader>wh :call MoveWindowLeft()<CR> nnoremap <silent> <Leader>wj :call MoveWindowDown()<CR> nnoremap <silent> <Leader>wk :call MoveWindowUp()<CR> nnoremap <silent> <Leader>wl :call MoveWindowRight()<CR>

如果你的行为不符合你的期望，请告诉我。

小开

如果函数由于某些原因(例如，它不是你的vim)不可用，下面的方法可能会很方便。

使用:buffers命令来查找打开的缓冲区的id，导航到所需的窗口，并使用类似:b 5的命令来打开缓冲区(在本例中是5号缓冲区)。重复两次，窗口的内容将被交换。

在几次尝试记忆ctrl-w-something序列后，我“发明”了这种方法，即使是非常简单的布局，如原始问题中的1-2-3。

小开

我从sgriffin的解决方案中有一个稍微增强的版本，您可以在不使用两个命令的情况下交换窗口，但是使用直观的HJKL命令。

事情是这样的:

function! MarkWindowSwap() " marked window number let g:markedWinNum = winnr() let g:markedBufNum = bufnr("%") endfunction function! DoWindowSwap() let curWinNum = winnr() let curBufNum = bufnr("%") " Switch focus to marked window exe g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" " Load current buffer on marked window exe 'hide buf' curBufNum " Switch focus to current window exe curWinNum . "wincmd w" " Load marked buffer on current window exe 'hide buf' g:markedBufNum endfunction nnoremap H :call MarkWindowSwap()<CR> <C-w>h :call DoWindowSwap()<CR> nnoremap J :call MarkWindowSwap()<CR> <C-w>j :call DoWindowSwap()<CR> nnoremap K :call MarkWindowSwap()<CR> <C-w>k :call DoWindowSwap()<CR> nnoremap L :call MarkWindowSwap()<CR> <C-w>l :call DoWindowSwap()<CR>

试着在正常节点中使用大写HJKL来移动你的窗口，这真的很酷:)

小开

真的很酷，但我对映射的建议是使用^W^J而不是J(因为所有的H J K L已经有含义)，加上我也会将在拉到新的缓冲区，因为当你想要交换的时候，你可能不想继续编辑你已经在的缓冲区。是:

function! MarkSwapAway() " marked window number let g:markedOldWinNum = winnr() let g:markedOldBufNum = bufnr("%") endfunction function! DoWindowToss() let newWinNum = winnr() let newBufNum = bufnr("%") " Switch focus to marked window exe g:markedOldWinNum . "wincmd w" " Load current buffer on marked window exe 'hide buf' newBufNum " Switch focus to current window exe newWinNum . "wincmd w" " Load marked buffer on current window exe 'hide buf' g:markedOldBufNum " …and come back to the new one exe g:markedOldWinNum . "wincmd w" endfunction nnoremap <C-w><C-h> :call MarkSwapAway()<CR> <C-w>h :call DoWindowToss()<CR> nnoremap <C-w><C-j> :call MarkSwapAway()<CR> <C-w>j :call DoWindowToss()<CR> nnoremap <C-w><C-k> :call MarkSwapAway()<CR> <C-w>k :call DoWindowToss()<CR> nnoremap <C-w><C-l> :call MarkSwapAway()<CR> <C-w>l :call DoWindowToss()<CR>

小开

同样基于sgriffin的解决方案，转到你想要交换的窗口，按CTRL-w m，转到你想要交换的窗口，再按CTRL-w m。

CTRL-w m是一个糟糕的记忆选择，所以如果有人提出了一个更好的，请编辑这个。

此外，我想收到一个反馈从脚本又名“窗口标记。请重复目标”，然而作为一个vimscript新手，我不知道如何做到这一点。

尽管如此，这个剧本还是很不错的

" <CTRL>-w m : mark first window " <CTRL>-w m : swap with that window let s:markedWinNum = -1 function! MarkWindowSwap() let s:markedWinNum = winnr() endfunction function! DoWindowSwap() "Mark destination let curNum = winnr() let curBuf = bufnr( "%" ) exe s:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" "Switch to source and shuffle dest->source let markedBuf = bufnr( "%" ) "Hide and open so that we aren't prompted and keep history exe 'hide buf' curBuf "Switch to dest and shuffle source->dest exe curNum . "wincmd w" "Hide and open so that we aren't prompted and keep history exe 'hide buf' markedBuf endfunction function! WindowSwapping() if s:markedWinNum == -1 call MarkWindowSwap() else call DoWindowSwap() let s:markedWinNum = -1 endif endfunction nnoremap <C-w>m :call WindowSwapping()<CR>

小开

你也可以使用像X-monad这样的平铺窗口管理器

小开

类似于标记-窗口-然后交换-缓冲区的方法，但也允许您重用上次交换。

function! MarkWindowSwap() unlet! g:markedWin1 unlet! g:markedWin2 let g:markedWin1 = winnr() endfunction function! DoWindowSwap() if exists('g:markedWin1') if !exists('g:markedWin2') let g:markedWin2 = winnr() endif let l:curWin = winnr() let l:bufWin1 = winbufnr(g:markedWin1) let l:bufWin2 = winbufnr(g:markedWin2) exec g:markedWin2 . 'wincmd w' exec ':b '.l:bufWin1 exec g:markedWin1 . 'wincmd w' exec ':b '.l:bufWin2 exec l:curWin . 'wincmd w' endif endfunction nnoremap ,v :call DoWindowSwap()<CR> nnoremap ,z :call MarkWindowSwap()<CR>

小开

上面所有的答案都很好，不幸的是，这些解决方案与QuickFix或LocationList窗口结合使用不能很好地工作(我在尝试让Ale错误消息缓冲区与此一起工作时遇到了这个问题)。

解决方案

因此，我添加了额外的一行代码，在进行交换之前关闭所有这些窗口。

exe ':windo if &buftype == "quickfix" || &buftype == "locationlist" | lclose | endif'

整个代码看起来像;

" Making swapping windows easy function! SwapWindowBuffers() exe ':windo if &buftype == "quickfix" || &buftype == "locationlist" | lclose | endif' if !exists("g:markedWinNum") " set window marked for swap let g:markedWinNum = winnr() :echo "window marked for swap" else " mark destination let curNum = winnr() let curBuf = bufnr( "%" ) if g:markedWinNum == curNum :echo "window unmarked for swap" else exe g:markedWinNum . "wincmd w" " switch to source and shuffle dest->source let markedBuf = bufnr( "%" ) " hide and open so that we aren't prompted and keep history exe 'hide buf' curBuf " switch to dest and shuffle source->dest exe curNum . "wincmd w" " hide and open so that we aren't prompted and keep history exe 'hide buf' markedBuf :echo "windows swapped" endif " unset window marked for swap unlet g:markedWinNum endif endfunction nmap <silent> <leader>mw :call SwapWindowBuffers()<CR>

credit for swap函数为Brandon Orther

为什么需要它

如果不先删除所有QuickFix (QF)和LocationList(LL)窗口，swap函数就不能正常工作的原因是，如果QF/LL缓冲区的父缓冲区get被隐藏(并且在窗口中不显示)，耦合到它的QF/LL窗口将被删除。这本身不是一个问题，但是当窗口隐藏时，所有的窗口号码都被重新分配，交换被打乱，因为第一个标记的窗口的保存号码(可能)不存在了。

从这个角度来看:

第一个窗口标记

____________________ | one | -> winnr = 1 marked first g:markedWinNum=1 | | -> bufnr = 1 |__________________| | two (QF window | -> winnr = 2 | coupled to one | |__________________| | three | -> winnr = 3 | | -> bufnr = 2 |__________________|

第二个窗口标记

____________________ | one | -> winnr = 1 g:markedWinNum=1 | | -> bufnr = 1 |__________________| | two (QF window | -> winnr = 2 | coupled to one) | |__________________| | three | -> winnr = 3 marked second curNum=3 | | -> bufnr = 2 curBuf=2 |__________________|

第一个缓冲开关，窗口1被窗口3的缓冲区填充。因此，QF窗口将被删除，因为它不再有父窗口。这将重新排列窗口编号。请注意，curNum(第二个选择窗口的编号)指向一个不再存在的窗口。

____________________ | three | -> winnr = 1 g:markedWinNum=1 | | -> bufnr = 2 |__________________| | three | -> winnr = 2 curNum=3 | | -> bufnr = 2 curBuf=2 |__________________|

所以当切换第二个缓冲区时，它会尝试选择curNum窗口，这个窗口已经不存在了。因此，它创建了缓冲区并切换缓冲区，导致一个不需要的窗口仍然打开。

____________________ | three | -> winnr = 1 g:markedWinNum=1 | | -> bufnr = 2 |__________________| | three | -> winnr = 2 | | -> bufnr = 2 |__________________| | one | -> winnr = 3 curNum=3 | | -> bufnr = 1 curBuf=2 |__________________|

如何在vim中交换两个打开文件的位置(在分割中)?

更新:

更新!3年多后……

解决方案

为什么需要它

从这个角度来看: