Pandas df.to_csv(“file.csv” encode = “ utf-8”) 中的负号（-）会输出乱码

我读过一些关于 Python2对 Pandas 的 to _ csv (... ... 等等... ...)的限制的文章。我也遇到了吗？我使用的是 Python 2.7.3

当字符串中包含 - 和 ≥ 号时会出现乱码。除此之外，导出没问题。

df.to_csv("file.csv", encoding="utf-8")

有什么解决办法吗？

df.head() 是这样的:

demography  Adults ≥49 yrs  Adults 18−49 yrs at high risk||  \
state
Alabama                 32.7                             38.6
Alaska                  31.2                             33.2
Arizona                 22.9                             38.8
Arkansas                31.2                             34.0
California              29.8                             38.8

CSV 输出是这样的

state,  Adults ≥49 yrs,   Adults 18−49 yrs at high risk||
0,  Alabama,    32.7,   38.6
1,  Alaska, 31.2,   33.2
2,  Arizona,    22.9,   38.8
3,  Arkansas,31.2,  34
4,  California,29.8, 38.8

完整代码是这样的:

import pandas
import xlrd
import csv
import json


df = pandas.DataFrame()
dy = pandas.DataFrame()
# first merge all this xls together




workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('csv_merger/vaccoverage.xls')
worksheets = workbook.sheet_names()




for i in range(3,len(worksheets)):
dy = pandas.io.excel.read_excel(workbook, i, engine='xlrd', index=None)
i = i+1
df = df.append(dy)


df.index.name = "index"


df.columns = ['demography', 'area','state', 'month', 'rate', 'moe']


#Then just grab month = 'May'


may_mask = df['month'] == "May"
may_df = (df[may_mask])


#then delete some columns we dont need


may_df = may_df.drop('area', 1)
may_df = may_df.drop('month', 1)
may_df = may_df.drop('moe', 1)




print may_df.dtypes #uh oh, it sees 'rate' as type 'object', not 'float'.  Better change that.


may_df = may_df.convert_objects('rate', convert_numeric=True)


print may_df.dtypes #that's better


res = may_df.pivot_table('rate', 'state', 'demography')
print res.head()




#and this is going to spit out an array of Objects, each Object a state containing its demographics
res.reset_index().to_json("thejson.json", orient='records')
#and a .csv for good measure
res.reset_index().to_csv("thecsv.csv", orient='records', encoding="utf-8")