安装一个不带 InstallUtil.exe 的.NET windows 服务

我有一个用 C # 编写的标准.NET windows 服务。

它可以不使用 InstallUtil 自行安装吗？ 我应该使用服务安装程序类吗? 我应该如何使用它？

我希望能打电话给以下人士:

MyService.exe -install

而且它会产生与呼叫相同的效果:

InstallUtil MyService.exe
154438 次浏览
小开
最佳答案

是的，这是完全可能的(即我正是这样做的) ; 您只需要引用正确的 dll (System)。Dll)并添加一个安装程序类..。

这里有一个例子:

[RunInstaller(true)]
public sealed class MyServiceInstallerProcess : ServiceProcessInstaller
{
public MyServiceInstallerProcess()
{
this.Account = ServiceAccount.NetworkService;
}
}


[RunInstaller(true)]
public sealed class MyServiceInstaller : ServiceInstaller
{
public MyServiceInstaller()
{
this.Description = "Service Description";
this.DisplayName = "Service Name";
this.ServiceName = "ServiceName";
this.StartType = System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode.Automatic;
}
}


static void Install(bool undo, string[] args)
{
try
{
Console.WriteLine(undo ? "uninstalling" : "installing");
using (AssemblyInstaller inst = new AssemblyInstaller(typeof(Program).Assembly, args))
{
IDictionary state = new Hashtable();
inst.UseNewContext = true;
try
{
if (undo)
{
inst.Uninstall(state);
}
else
{
inst.Install(state);
inst.Commit(state);
}
}
catch
{
try
{
inst.Rollback(state);
}
catch { }
throw;
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.Error.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
}
小开

下面是我在编写服务时使用的类。我通常有一个交互式屏幕，当服务没有被调用时就会出现。从那里我根据需要使用类。它允许在同一台计算机上有多个命名实例，因此使用了 InstanceID 字段

样本电话

  IntegratedServiceInstaller Inst = new IntegratedServiceInstaller();
Inst.Install("MySvc", "My Sample Service", "Service that executes something",
_InstanceID,
// System.ServiceProcess.ServiceAccount.LocalService,      // this is more secure, but only available in XP and above and WS-2003 and above
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceAccount.LocalSystem,       // this is required for WS-2000
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode.Automatic);
if (controller == null)
{
controller = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController(String.Format("MySvc_{0}", _InstanceID), ".");
}
if (controller.Status == System.ServiceProcess.ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
{
Start_Stop.Text = "Stop Service";
Start_Stop_Debugging.Enabled = false;
}
else
{
Start_Stop.Text = "Start Service";
Start_Stop_Debugging.Enabled = true;
}

课堂本身

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.Win32;


namespace MySvc
{
class IntegratedServiceInstaller
{
public void Install(String ServiceName, String DisplayName, String Description,
String InstanceID,
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceAccount Account,
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode StartMode)
{
//http://www.theblacksparrow.com/
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceProcessInstaller ProcessInstaller = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceProcessInstaller();
ProcessInstaller.Account = Account;


System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller SINST = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller();


System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext Context = new System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext();
string processPath = Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.FileName;
if (processPath != null && processPath.Length > 0)
{
System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(processPath);


String path = String.Format("/assemblypath={0}", fi.FullName);
String[] cmdline = { path };
Context = new System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext("", cmdline);
}


SINST.Context = Context;
SINST.DisplayName = String.Format("{0} - {1}", DisplayName, InstanceID);
SINST.Description = String.Format("{0} - {1}", Description, InstanceID);
SINST.ServiceName = String.Format("{0}_{1}", ServiceName, InstanceID);
SINST.StartType = StartMode;
SINST.Parent = ProcessInstaller;


// http://bytes.com/forum/thread527221.html
SINST.ServicesDependedOn = new String[] { "Spooler", "Netlogon", "Netman" };


System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary state = new System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary();
SINST.Install(state);


// http://www.dotnet247.com/247reference/msgs/43/219565.aspx
using (RegistryKey oKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(String.Format(@"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\{0}_{1}", ServiceName, InstanceID), true))
{
try
{
Object sValue = oKey.GetValue("ImagePath");
oKey.SetValue("ImagePath", sValue);
}
catch (Exception Ex)
{
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(Ex.Message);
}
}


}
public void Uninstall(String ServiceName, String InstanceID)
{
//http://www.theblacksparrow.com/
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller SINST = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceInstaller();


System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext Context = new System.Configuration.Install.InstallContext("c:\\install.log", null);
SINST.Context = Context;
SINST.ServiceName = String.Format("{0}_{1}", ServiceName, InstanceID);
SINST.Uninstall(null);
}
}
}
小开

看看 ManagedInstaller类的 安装助理方法，您可以使用以下方法安装服务:

string[] args;
ManagedInstallerClass.InstallHelper(args);

这正是 InstallUtil 所做的，参数与 InstallUtil 相同。

这种方法的好处是不会在注册表中造成混乱，并且使用与 InstallUtil 相同的机制。

小开

尽管所涉及的工作量非常大，但是您总是可以回过头来使用旧的 WinAPI 调用。没有规定。NET 服务是通过。NET 感知机制。

安装:

  • 通过 OpenSCManager打开服务管理器。
  • 调用 CreateService注册服务。
  • 可选地调用 ChangeServiceConfig2来设置描述。
  • 用 CloseServiceHandle关闭服务和服务管理器句柄。

卸载:

  • 通过 OpenSCManager打开服务管理器。
  • 使用 OpenService打开服务。
  • 通过对 OpenService返回的句柄调用 DeleteService来删除服务。
  • 用 CloseServiceHandle关闭服务和服务管理器句柄。

与使用 ServiceInstaller/ServiceProcessInstaller相比，我更喜欢这样做的主要原因是您可以使用自己的自定义命令行参数注册服务。例如，您可以将其注册为 "MyApp.exe -service"，然后，如果用户在没有任何参数的情况下运行您的应用程序，您可以为他们提供一个 UI 来安装/删除服务。

在 ServiceInstaller上运行反射器可以填补这个简短解释中缺少的细节。

附注: 显然，这不会产生“与调用: InstallUtil MyService.exe 相同的效果”——特别是，您将无法使用 InstallUtil 卸载。但似乎这对你来说并不是一个严格的要求。

小开

在尝试将命令行应用程序作为 Windows 服务安装的情况下，请尝试使用“ NSSM”实用程序。找到了相关的 ServerFault 详细信息 给你。

小开

上面的例子对我来说并不真正起作用，而且作为 # 1解决方案的论坛链接很难深入挖掘。下面是我编写的一个类(部分) ，另一个位是从 我在某个地方找到的这个联系合并的

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;


using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;


namespace SystemControl {
class Services {


#region "Environment Variables"
public static string GetEnvironment(string name, bool ExpandVariables=true) {
if ( ExpandVariables ) {
return System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable( name );
} else {
return (string)Microsoft.Win32.Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey( @"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment\" ).GetValue( name, "", Microsoft.Win32.RegistryValueOptions.DoNotExpandEnvironmentNames );
}
}


public static void SetEnvironment( string name, string value ) {
System.Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable(name, value);
}
#endregion


#region "ServiceCalls Native"
public static ServiceController[] List { get { return ServiceController.GetServices(); } }


public static void Start( string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds ) {
ServiceController service=new ServiceController( serviceName );
try {
TimeSpan timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds );


service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Running, timeout );
} catch {
// ...
}
}


public static void Stop( string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds ) {
ServiceController service=new ServiceController( serviceName );
try {
TimeSpan timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds );


service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped, timeout );
} catch {
// ...
}
}


public static void Restart( string serviceName, int timeoutMilliseconds ) {
ServiceController service=new ServiceController( serviceName );
try {
int millisec1=Environment.TickCount;
TimeSpan timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds );


service.Stop();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped, timeout );


// count the rest of the timeout
int millisec2=Environment.TickCount;
timeout=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds( timeoutMilliseconds-( millisec2-millisec1 ) );


service.Start();
service.WaitForStatus( ServiceControllerStatus.Running, timeout );
} catch {
// ...
}
}


public static bool IsInstalled( string serviceName ) {
// get list of Windows services
ServiceController[] services=ServiceController.GetServices();


// try to find service name
foreach ( ServiceController service in services ) {
if ( service.ServiceName==serviceName )
return true;
}
return false;
}
#endregion


#region "ServiceCalls API"
private const int STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = 0xF0000;
private const int SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS = 0x00000010;


[Flags]
public enum ServiceManagerRights {
Connect = 0x0001,
CreateService = 0x0002,
EnumerateService = 0x0004,
Lock = 0x0008,
QueryLockStatus = 0x0010,
ModifyBootConfig = 0x0020,
StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | Connect | CreateService |
EnumerateService | Lock | QueryLockStatus | ModifyBootConfig)
}


[Flags]
public enum ServiceRights {
QueryConfig = 0x1,
ChangeConfig = 0x2,
QueryStatus = 0x4,
EnumerateDependants = 0x8,
Start = 0x10,
Stop = 0x20,
PauseContinue = 0x40,
Interrogate = 0x80,
UserDefinedControl = 0x100,
Delete = 0x00010000,
StandardRightsRequired = 0xF0000,
AllAccess = (StandardRightsRequired | QueryConfig | ChangeConfig |
QueryStatus | EnumerateDependants | Start | Stop | PauseContinue |
Interrogate | UserDefinedControl)
}


public enum ServiceBootFlag {
Start = 0x00000000,
SystemStart = 0x00000001,
AutoStart = 0x00000002,
DemandStart = 0x00000003,
Disabled = 0x00000004
}


public enum ServiceState {
Unknown = -1, // The state cannot be (has not been) retrieved.
NotFound = 0, // The service is not known on the host server.
Stop = 1, // The service is NET stopped.
Run = 2, // The service is NET started.
Stopping = 3,
Starting = 4,
}


public enum ServiceControl {
Stop = 0x00000001,
Pause = 0x00000002,
Continue = 0x00000003,
Interrogate = 0x00000004,
Shutdown = 0x00000005,
ParamChange = 0x00000006,
NetBindAdd = 0x00000007,
NetBindRemove = 0x00000008,
NetBindEnable = 0x00000009,
NetBindDisable = 0x0000000A
}


public enum ServiceError {
Ignore = 0x00000000,
Normal = 0x00000001,
Severe = 0x00000002,
Critical = 0x00000003
}


[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
private class SERVICE_STATUS {
public int dwServiceType = 0;
public ServiceState dwCurrentState = 0;
public int dwControlsAccepted = 0;
public int dwWin32ExitCode = 0;
public int dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
public int dwCheckPoint = 0;
public int dwWaitHint = 0;
}


[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "OpenSCManagerA")]
private static extern IntPtr OpenSCManager(string lpMachineName, string lpDatabaseName, ServiceManagerRights dwDesiredAccess);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "OpenServiceA", CharSet = CharSet.Ansi)]
private static extern IntPtr OpenService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, ServiceRights dwDesiredAccess);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "CreateServiceA")]
private static extern IntPtr CreateService(IntPtr hSCManager, string lpServiceName, string lpDisplayName, ServiceRights dwDesiredAccess, int dwServiceType, ServiceBootFlag dwStartType, ServiceError dwErrorControl, string lpBinaryPathName, string lpLoadOrderGroup, IntPtr lpdwTagId, string lpDependencies, string lp, string lpPassword);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
private static extern int CloseServiceHandle(IntPtr hSCObject);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
private static extern int QueryServiceStatus(IntPtr hService, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
private static extern int DeleteService(IntPtr hService);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll")]
private static extern int ControlService(IntPtr hService, ServiceControl dwControl, SERVICE_STATUS lpServiceStatus);
[DllImport("advapi32.dll", EntryPoint = "StartServiceA")]
private static extern int StartService(IntPtr hService, int dwNumServiceArgs, int lpServiceArgVectors);


/// <summary>
/// Takes a service name and tries to stop and then uninstall the windows serviceError
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ServiceName">The windows service name to uninstall</param>
public static void Uninstall(string ServiceName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr service = OpenService(scman, ServiceName, ServiceRights.StandardRightsRequired | ServiceRights.Stop | ServiceRights.QueryStatus);
if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Service not installed.");
}
try
{
StopService(service);
int ret = DeleteService(service);
if (ret == 0)
{
int error = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
throw new ApplicationException("Could not delete service " + error);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(service);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}


/// <summary>
/// Accepts a service name and returns true if the service with that service name exists
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ServiceName">The service name that we will check for existence</param>
/// <returns>True if that service exists false otherwise</returns>
public static bool ServiceIsInstalled(string ServiceName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr service = OpenService(scman, ServiceName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus);
if (service == IntPtr.Zero) return false;
CloseServiceHandle(service);
return true;
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}


/// <summary>
/// Takes a service name, a service display name and the path to the service executable and installs / starts the windows service.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ServiceName">The service name that this service will have</param>
/// <param name="DisplayName">The display name that this service will have</param>
/// <param name="FileName">The path to the executable of the service</param>
public static void InstallAndStart(string ServiceName, string DisplayName,
string FileName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect |
ServiceManagerRights.CreateService);
try
{
IntPtr service = OpenService(scman, ServiceName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus | ServiceRights.Start);
if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
{
service = CreateService(scman, ServiceName, DisplayName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus | ServiceRights.Start, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS,
ServiceBootFlag.AutoStart, ServiceError.Normal, FileName, null, IntPtr.Zero,
null, null, null);
}
if (service == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Failed to install service.");
}
try
{
StartService(service);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(service);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}


/// <summary>
/// Takes a service name and starts it
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Name">The service name</param>
public static void StartService(string Name)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr hService = OpenService(scman, Name, ServiceRights.QueryStatus |
ServiceRights.Start);
if (hService == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");
}
try
{
StartService(hService);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(hService);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}


/// <summary>
/// Stops the provided windows service
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Name">The service name that will be stopped</param>
public static void StopService(string Name)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr hService = OpenService(scman, Name, ServiceRights.QueryStatus |
ServiceRights.Stop);
if (hService == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Could not open service.");
}
try
{
StopService(hService);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(hService);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}


/// <summary>
/// Stars the provided windows service
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hService">The handle to the windows service</param>
private static void StartService(IntPtr hService)
{
SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
StartService(hService, 0, 0);
WaitForServiceStatus(hService, ServiceState.Starting, ServiceState.Run);
}


/// <summary>
/// Stops the provided windows service
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hService">The handle to the windows service</param>
private static void StopService(IntPtr hService)
{
SERVICE_STATUS status = new SERVICE_STATUS();
ControlService(hService, ServiceControl.Stop, status);
WaitForServiceStatus(hService, ServiceState.Stopping, ServiceState.Stop);
}


/// <summary>
/// Takes a service name and returns the <code>ServiceState</code> of the corresponding service
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ServiceName">The service name that we will check for his <code>ServiceState</code></param>
/// <returns>The ServiceState of the service we wanted to check</returns>
public static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(string ServiceName)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights.Connect);
try
{
IntPtr hService = OpenService(scman, ServiceName,
ServiceRights.QueryStatus);
if (hService == IntPtr.Zero)
{
return ServiceState.NotFound;
}
try
{
return GetServiceStatus(hService);
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}
finally
{
CloseServiceHandle(scman);
}
}


/// <summary>
/// Gets the service state by using the handle of the provided windows service
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hService">The handle to the service</param>
/// <returns>The <code>ServiceState</code> of the service</returns>
private static ServiceState GetServiceStatus(IntPtr hService)
{
SERVICE_STATUS ssStatus = new SERVICE_STATUS();
if (QueryServiceStatus(hService, ssStatus) == 0)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Failed to query service status.");
}
return ssStatus.dwCurrentState;
}


/// <summary>
/// Returns true when the service status has been changes from wait status to desired status
/// ,this method waits around 10 seconds for this operation.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hService">The handle to the service</param>
/// <param name="WaitStatus">The current state of the service</param>
/// <param name="DesiredStatus">The desired state of the service</param>
/// <returns>bool if the service has successfully changed states within the allowed timeline</returns>
private static bool WaitForServiceStatus(IntPtr hService, ServiceState
WaitStatus, ServiceState DesiredStatus)
{
SERVICE_STATUS ssStatus = new SERVICE_STATUS();
int dwOldCheckPoint;
int dwStartTickCount;


QueryServiceStatus(hService, ssStatus);
if (ssStatus.dwCurrentState == DesiredStatus) return true;
dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
dwOldCheckPoint = ssStatus.dwCheckPoint;


while (ssStatus.dwCurrentState == WaitStatus)
{
// Do not wait longer than the wait hint. A good interval is
// one tenth the wait hint, but no less than 1 second and no
// more than 10 seconds.


int dwWaitTime = ssStatus.dwWaitHint / 10;


if (dwWaitTime < 1000) dwWaitTime = 1000;
else if (dwWaitTime > 10000) dwWaitTime = 10000;


System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(dwWaitTime);


// Check the status again.


if (QueryServiceStatus(hService, ssStatus) == 0) break;


if (ssStatus.dwCheckPoint > dwOldCheckPoint)
{
// The service is making progress.
dwStartTickCount = Environment.TickCount;
dwOldCheckPoint = ssStatus.dwCheckPoint;
}
else
{
if (Environment.TickCount - dwStartTickCount > ssStatus.dwWaitHint)
{
// No progress made within the wait hint
break;
}
}
}
return (ssStatus.dwCurrentState == DesiredStatus);
}


/// <summary>
/// Opens the service manager
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Rights">The service manager rights</param>
/// <returns>the handle to the service manager</returns>
private static IntPtr OpenSCManager(ServiceManagerRights Rights)
{
IntPtr scman = OpenSCManager(null, null, Rights);
if (scman == IntPtr.Zero)
{
throw new ApplicationException("Could not connect to service control manager.");
}
return scman;
}


#endregion


}
}

若要安装服务，请按以下方式运行 InstallAndStart 命令:

  SystemControl.InstallAndStart(
"apache",
"Apache Web Server",
@"""c:\apache\bin\httpd.exe"" -k runservice"
);

确保运行该程序的帐户具有安装服务的权限。你总是可以在程序上“以管理员身份运行”。

我还包含了几个用于非 API 访问的命令，它们不安装或删除服务，但是您可以列出它们并控制几个(启动、停止、重新启动)。您实际上只需提升安装或删除服务的权限。

还有几个用于获取和设置环境变量的命令，例如 OPENSSL_CONF或 TEMP。在大多数情况下，参数和方法名称应该是非常自解释的。

小开 
Process QProc = new Process();
QProc.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd";
QProc.StartInfo.Arguments ="/c InstallUtil "+ "\""+ filefullPath +"\"";
QProc.StartInfo.WorkingDirectory = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("windir") + @"\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\";
QProc.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
// QProc.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
QProc.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
QProc.Start();
// QProc.WaitForExit();
QProc.Close();

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