我如何找到MySQL my.cnf位置

我不知道你是如何在Linux环境下安装MySQL的，但你检查过吗?

• /etc/my.cnf

你可以在终端上运行查找。

find / -name my.cnf

没有MySQL内部命令来跟踪这一点，这有点太抽象了。该文件可能位于5个(或更多)位置，并且它们都是有效的，因为它们加载级联。

• /etc/my.cnf
• /etc/mysql/my.cnf
• $ MYSQL_HOME / my.cnf
• [datadir]。/ my . cnf中所做
• ~ / .my.cnf

这些是MySQL查看的默认位置。如果它发现不止一个，它将加载每个&值会相互覆盖(我认为是按列出的顺序)。而且，--defaults-file参数可以覆盖整个内容，所以…基本上，这是一件非常痛苦的事。

但由于它太令人困惑，很有可能它只是在/etc/my.cnf.中

(如果你只是想查看值:SHOW VARIABLES，但你需要权限来这样做。)

运行mysql --help，你会看到:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order: /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

这可能有用:

strace mysql ";" 2>&1  | grep cnf

在我的机器上输出:

stat64("/etc/my.cnf", 0xbf9faafc)       = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
stat64("/etc/mysql/my.cnf", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=4271, ...}) = 0
open("/etc/mysql/my.cnf", O_RDONLY|O_LARGEFILE) = 3
read(3, "# /etc/mysql/my.cnf: The global "..., 4096) = 4096
stat64("/home/xxxxx/.my.cnf", 0xbf9faafc) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

因此，看起来/etc/mysql/my.cnf是一个，因为它的stat64()和read()是成功的。

你实际上可以“请求”;MySQL中搜索my.cnf(或Windows中的my.ini)的所有位置的列表。但它不是SQL查询。相反,执行:

$ mysqladmin --help

或者，5.7之前:

$ mysqld --help --verbose

在最初几行中，您将发现一条消息，其中包含它要查找的所有my.cnf位置的列表。在我的机器上是:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/usr/etc/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf

或者，在Windows上:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
C:\Windows\my.ini
C:\Windows\my.cnf
C:\my.ini
C:\my.cnf
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\my.ini
C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\my.cnf

但是请注意，在这些位置中都可能没有my.cnf文件。因此，你可以自己创建这个文件——使用MySQL发行版提供的一个样例配置文件(在Linux上——参见/usr/share/mysql/*.cnf文件并使用适合你的文件——将它复制到/etc/my.cnf，然后根据需要修改)。

还要注意还有一个命令行选项--defaults-file，它可以定义my.cnf或my.ini文件的自定义路径。例如，这是Windows上的MySQL 5.5的情况-它指向data目录中的my.ini文件，该文件通常不会与mysqld --help --verbose一起列出。在Windows上-请参阅服务属性以确定是否适合您。

最后，检查https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/option-files.html -它有更详细的描述。

另一个选项是使用whereis命令。

例如:my.cnf在哪里

你可以使用:

locate my.cnf
whereis my.cnf
find . -name my.cnf

如果你用的是安装了Homebrew的Mac电脑，那就用吧

编译mysql信息

你会看到

$ brew info mysql
mysql: stable 5.6.13 (bottled)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/
Conflicts with: mariadb, mysql-cluster, percona-server
/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/5.6.13 (9381 files, 354M) *

最后一行是INSTALLERDIR 根据MySQL文档

默认情况下，mysql首先在/etc文件夹中搜索my.cnf。如果这个文件夹中没有/etc/my.cnf文件，我建议你在这个文件夹中创建一个新的文件，如文档(https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/option-files.html)所示。

您也可以搜索mysql安装提供的现有my.cnf。您可以启动以下命令

sudo find / -name "*.cnf"

你可以使用以下配置文件myisam表和没有innodb mysql支持(从端口安装mysql在mac os x maverick)。请验证此配置文件中的每个命令。

# Example MySQL config file for large systems.
#
# This is for a large system with memory = 512M where the system runs mainly
# MySQL.
#
# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
# locations which depend on the deployment platform.
# You can copy this option file to one of those
# locations. For information about these locations, see:
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.


# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password   = your_password
port        = 3306
socket      = /opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock


# Here follows entries for some specific programs


# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port        = 3306
socket      = /opt/local/var/run/mysql5/mysqld.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 8


# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking


# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=mysql-bin


# binary logging format - mixed recommended
binlog_format=mixed


# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id   = 1


# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =   <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =   <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =   <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin


# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/local/var/db/mysql5
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/local/var/db/mysql5
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 256M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 20M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 64M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50


[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M


[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates


[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M


[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

所有很棒的建议，在我的情况下，我没有在任何这些位置找到它，但在/usr/share/mysql，我有一个RHEL虚拟机，我安装了mysql5.5

我在ubuntu中使用apache, php and mysql安装了xampp bundle。其中my.cnf文件位于/opt/lampp/etc/文件夹中。希望它能帮助到一些人。

正如konyak所指出的，你可以通过运行mysqladmin --help来获得mysql将查找你的my.cnf文件的位置列表。因为这是相当啰嗦的，你可以快速得到你关心的部分:

$ mysqladmin --help | grep -A1 'Default options'

这将给你类似的输出:

Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

根据你安装mysql的方式，有可能这些文件都不存在。你可以cat它们，以查看你的配置是如何构建的，如果需要，在你的首选位置创建你自己的my.cnf。

尝试运行mysqld --help --verbose | grep my.cnf | tr " " "\n"

输出类似于

/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
/usr/local/etc/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf

找到了我的

mysqld --help --verbose | grep my.cnf

Ubuntu 16: /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

仅回答MySQL工作台用户，

如果您正在使用MAMP，请访问模板> MySQL (my.cnf) > [version]

如果您正在运行MAMP无窗口，您可能需要使用customize按钮定制工具栏。

.

你必须根据你的MySQL版本查找不同的位置。

mysqld --help -verbose | grep my.cnf


For Homebrew:
/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.11/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.11)


Default possible locations:
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf


Found mine here:
/usr/local/etc/my.cnf

对我来说，这是我有“ENGINE=MyISAM”类型的表，一旦我把它改为“ENGINE=InnoDB”它工作了:) 在PhpMyAdmin在Azure应用程序服务:)

在Ubuntu上(直接编辑):

$ sudo nano /etc/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

用户也可以执行该命令。

mysql --help | grep cnf

mysql --help | grep /my.cnf | xargs ls

会告诉你在Mac/Linux上my.cnf位于哪里

ls: cannot access '/etc/my.cnf': No such file or directory
ls: cannot access '~/.my.cnf': No such file or directory
/etc/mysql/my.cnf

在本例中，它在/etc/mysql/my.cnf中

ls: /etc/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: /etc/mysql/my.cnf: No such file or directory
ls: ~/.my.cnf: No such file or directory
/usr/local/etc/my.cnf

在本例中，它在/usr/local/etc/my.cnf中

如果你在VPS中，并试图在已经运行的服务器上编辑my.cnf，你可以尝试:

ps aux | grep mysql

您将显示mysql命令正在运行的参数以及--defaults-file指向的位置

请注意，您的服务器可能运行多个MySQL/MariaDB服务器。如果你看到没有--defaults-file参数的行，该实例可能正在从mysqladmin --help中提到的.cnf中检索配置，正如其他人指出的那样。

请注意，尽管mariadDB从其他答案中列出的各种my.cnf文件加载配置详细信息，但它也可以从其他具有不同名称的文件加载配置详细信息。

这意味着如果您对my.cnf文件中的一个进行了更改，它可能会被另一个具有不同名称的文件覆盖。要使更改生效，您需要在正确的(最后加载的)配置文件中更改它-或者，可能在所有配置文件中更改它。

那么如何找到所有可能加载的配置文件呢?不要寻找my.cnf文件，试着运行:

grep -r datadir /etc/mysql/

这将找到所有提到datadir的地方。在我的例子中，它产生了这样的答案:

/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf:datadir     = /var/lib/mysql

当我编辑该文件(/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf)来更改datadir的值时，它起作用了，而在my.cnf中更改它不起作用。所以无论你想改变什么选择，试着用这种方式来寻找。

显示变量;

然后在后面改变一些变量 你可以执行

SET GLOBAL max_connections = 1000;

或

设置@@GLOBAL。Max_connections = 1000;

试试吧

MySQL配置文件:

/etc/my.cnf

你可以用find命令找到my.cnf或任何其他文件:

find / -name my.cnf (or any other file name)

1. Find是一条命令
2. /(斜杠)为路径
3. My.cnf是一个文件名

试一试

mysql --verbose --help | grep -A 1 "Default options"

对于Ubuntu 20.04.4 LTS (Focal Fossa)上的MariaDB 10.5:

# The MariaDB configuration file
#
# The MariaDB/MySQL tools read configuration files in the following order:
# 0. "/etc/mysql/my.cnf" symlinks to this file, reason why all the rest is read.
# 1. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf" (this file) to set global defaults,
# 2. "/etc/mysql/conf.d/*.cnf" to set global options.
# 3. "/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/*.cnf" to set MariaDB-only options.
# 4. "~/.my.cnf" to set user-specific options.
#
# If the same option is defined multiple times, the last one will apply.

如果你在Debian/Ubuntu系统上，并且已经配备了现代版本的数据库(从5.7以上，也适用于mysql 8)，找到我找到的实际.cnf文件的最佳方法是:

sudo update-alternatives --config my.cnf

你应该看到如下输出:

There are 3 choices for the alternative my.cnf (providing /etc/mysql/my.cnf).


Selection    Path                        Priority   Status
------------------------------------------------------------
0            /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf       500       auto mode
1            /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf       500       manual mode
2            /etc/mysql/my.cnf.fallback   100       manual mode
* 3            /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf         300       manual mode

/etc/mysql/mysql.cnf中有两行值得注意:

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/

MySQL将监视/etc/mysql/conf.d/中的所有.cnf文件，然后是/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/中的所有文件

调优快乐!