Python-初始化多列表/行

这太可怕了:

psData = []
nsData = []
msData = []
ckData = []
mAData = []
RData = []
pData = []

有没有办法在一行中声明这些变量？

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最佳答案 
alist, blist, clist, dlist, elist = ([] for i in range(5))

The downside of above approach is, you need to count the number of names on the left of = and have exactly the same number of empty lists (e.g. via the range call, or more explicitly) on the right hand side.

The main thing is, don't use something like

alist, blist, clist, dlist, elist = [[]] * 5

nor

alist = blist = clist = dlist = elist = []

which would make all names refer to the same empty list!

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psData,nsData,msData,ckData,mAData,RData,pData = [],[],[],[],[],[],[]
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Depending on your needs, you could consider using a defaultdict with a list factory. Something like:

my_lists = collections.defaultdict(list)

and then you can directly append to my_lists["psData"] and so on. This is the relevant doc page: http://docs.python.org/library/collections.html#collections.defaultdict

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You can use a class to initialize/store the data, it would take more lines, but could be easier to read, and more object oriented.

Like:

class Data:
def __init__(self):
self.var1=[]
<etc.>
def zeroize(self):
self.var1=[]
<etc.>

Then in main near the beginning:

data=Data()

Then in your loops or anywhere in main post declaration you can use the class.

data.var1.append(varN)
if(something):
data.zeroize()
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Bare in mind that, tidiness may come with consequences of performance. The range function call will slow down the init process slightly. Beware if you have some process that need to reinit the variable many time. 

import time
def r_init():
st=time.time()
alist, blist, clist, dlist, elist = ([] for i in range(5))
et=time.time()
print("{:.15f}".format(et-st))


def p_init():
st=time.time()
alist=[];blist=[];clist=[];dlist=[];elist=[]
et=time.time()
print("{:.15f}".format(et-st))


for x in range(1,10):
r_init()
p_init()
print("\n")
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Something along the lines of

alist, blist, clist, dlist, elist = ([],)*5

would appear to be the most elegant solution.

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A bit more efficient approach:

alist, blist, clist, dlist, elist = ([] for _ in xrange(5))

[NOTE]:

  • xrange() is more optimal than range() in Python2. (Ref)

  • The i variable was unusable so using _ is better. (Ref)

  • xrange() is no longer in Python3 — range() is the same with xrange().


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