在 Ruby 中，如何检查是否定义了方法“ foo =()”？

在 Ruby 中，我可以定义一个方法 foo = (bar) :

irb(main):001:0> def foo=(bar)
irb(main):002:1>   p "foo=#{bar}"
irb(main):003:1> end
=> nil

现在我想检查一下它是否已经被定义,

irb(main):004:0> defined?(foo=)
SyntaxError: compile error
(irb):4: syntax error, unexpected ')'
from (irb):4
from :0

这里使用的正确语法是什么？我假设一定有一种方法来转义“ foo =”，以便它被解析并正确地传递给定义的？接线员。

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最佳答案

The problem is that the foo= method is designed to be used in assignments. You can use defined? in the following way to see what's going on:

defined?(self.foo=())
#=> nil
defined?(self.foo = "bar")
#=> nil


def foo=(bar)
end


defined?(self.foo=())
#=> "assignment"
defined?(self.foo = "bar")
#=> "assignment"

Compare that to:

def foo
end


defined?(foo)
#=> "method"

To test if the foo= method is defined, you should use respond_to? instead:

respond_to?(:foo=)
#=> false


def foo=(bar)
end


respond_to?(:foo=)
#=> true
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You can check if a method exists by using the respond_to? method, and you pass it a symbol, e.g. bar.respond_to?(:foo=) to see if the object bar has a method foo=. If you want to know if instances of a class respond to a method you can use method_defined? on the class (or module), e.g. Foo.method_defined?(:bar=).

defined? isn't a method, but an operator which returns a description of the operand (or nil if it is not defined, which is why it can be used in an if statement). The operand can be any expression, i.e. a constant, a variable, an assignment, a method, a method call, etc. The reason why it doesn't work when you do defined?(foo=) is because of the parentheses, skip them and it should work more or less as expected. That being said, defined? is a pretty weird operator, and no one uses it to test for the existence of methods.


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