如何在 Bash 中获得 dirname 的最后一部分

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The opposite of dirname is basename:

basename "$(dirname "/from/here/to/there.txt")"

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Pure BASH way:

s="/from/here/to/there.txt"
[[ "$s" =~ ([^/]+)/[^/]+$ ]] && echo "${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
to

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You can use basename even though it's not a file. Strip off the file name using dirname, then use basename to get the last element of the string:

dir="/from/here/to/there.txt"
dir="$(dirname $dir)"   # Returns "/from/here/to"
dir="$(basename $dir)"  # Returns just "to"

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Using bash string functions:

$ s="/from/here/to/there.txt"
$ s="${s%/*}" && echo "${s##*/}"
to

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One more way

IFS=/ read -ra x <<<"/from/here/to/there.txt" && printf "%s\n" "${x[-2]}"

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An awk way of doing it would be:

awk -F'/' '{print $(NF-1)}' <<< "/from/here/to/there.txt"

Explanation:

-F'/' sets field separator as "/"
print the second last field $(NF-1)
<<< uses anything after it as standard input (wiki explanation)

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This question is something like THIS.

For solving that you can do:

DirPath="/from/here/to/there.txt"
DirPath="$(dirname $DirPath)"
DirPath="$(basename $DirPath)"


echo "$DirPath"

As my friend said this is possible as well:

basename `dirname "/from/here/to/there.txt"`

In order to get any part of your path you could do:

echo "/from/here/to/there.txt" | awk -F/ '{ print $2 }'
OR
echo "/from/here/to/there.txt" | awk -F/ '{ print $3 }'
OR
etc

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Using Bash parameter expansion, you could do this:

path="/from/here/to/there.txt"
dir="${path%/*}"       # sets dir      to '/from/here/to' (equivalent of dirname)
last_dir="${dir##*/}"  # sets last_dir to 'to' (equivalent of basename)

This is more efficient since no external commands are used.

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The top answer is absolutely correct for the question asked. In a more generic case with the needed directory in the middle of a long path, this approach leads to a hard to read code. For example :

dir="/very/long/path/where/THIS/needs/to/be/extracted/text.txt"
dir="$(dirname $dir)"
dir="$(dirname $dir)"
dir="$(dirname $dir)"
dir="$(dirname $dir)"
dir="$(dirname $dir)"
dir="$(basename $dir)"

In this case one can use:

IFS=/; set -- "/very/long/path/where/THIS/needs/to/be/extracted/text.txt"; set $1; echo $6
THIS