is portable in that it does not use fancy features of recent SQL server versions
can be easily changed to use NCHAR and NVARCHAR for unicode support,as well as any parameter length you see fit
white space definition can be configured
CREATE FUNCTION ToProperCase(@string VARCHAR(255)) RETURNS VARCHAR(255)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT -- index
DECLARE @l INT -- input length
DECLARE @c NCHAR(1) -- current char
DECLARE @f INT -- first letter flag (1/0)
DECLARE @o VARCHAR(255) -- output string
DECLARE @w VARCHAR(10) -- characters considered as white space
SET @w = '[' + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + CHAR(9) + CHAR(160) + ' ' + ']'
SET @i = 1
SET @l = LEN(@string)
SET @f = 1
SET @o = ''
WHILE @i <= @l
BEGIN
SET @c = SUBSTRING(@string, @i, 1)
IF @f = 1
BEGIN
SET @o = @o + @c
SET @f = 0
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @o = @o + LOWER(@c)
END
IF @c LIKE @w SET @f = 1
SET @i = @i + 1
END
RETURN @o
END
Result:
dbo.ToProperCase('ALL UPPER CASE and SOME lower ÄÄ ÖÖ ÜÜ ÉÉ ØØ ĈĈ ÆÆ')
-----------------------------------------------------------------
All Upper Case and Some lower Ää Öö Üü Éé Øø Cc Ææ
-- Code Generator for expression
DECLARE @x INT,
@c CHAR(1),
@sql VARCHAR(8000),
@count INT
SEt @x = 0
SET @count = 0
SET @sql = '@str' -- actual variable you want to replace
WHILE @x < 256
BEGIN
SET @c = CHAR(@x)
-- Only generate replacement expression for characters where upper and lowercase differ
IF @x = ASCII(LOWER(@c)) AND @x != ASCII(UPPER(@c))
BEGIN
SET @sql = 'REPLACE(' + @sql + ', '' ' + @c+ ''', '' ' + UPPER(@c) + ''')'
SET @count = @count + 1
END
SET @x = @x + 1
END
PRINT @sql
PRINT 'Total characters substituted: ' + CONVERT(VARCHAR(255), @count)
Basically the premise of the my method is trading pre-computing for efficiency. The full ASCII implementation is as follows:
declare @str nvarchar(8000)
declare @alpha table (low nchar(1), up nchar(1))
set @str = 'ALL UPPER CASE and SOME lower ÄÄ ÖÖ ÜÜ ÉÉ ØØ ĈĈ ÆÆ'
-- stage the alpha (needs number table)
insert into @alpha
-- A-Z / a-z
select nchar(n+32),
nchar(n)
from dbo.Number
where n between 65 and 90 or
n between 192 and 223
-- append space at start of str
set @str = lower(' ' + @str)
-- upper all lower case chars preceded by space
select @str = replace(@str, ' ' + low, ' ' + up)
from @Alpha
select @str
create FUNCTION PROPERCASE
(
--The string to be converted to proper case
@input varchar(8000)
)
--This function returns the proper case string of varchar type
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
IF @input IS NULL
BEGIN
--Just return NULL if input string is NULL
RETURN NULL
END
--Character variable declarations
DECLARE @output varchar(8000)
--Integer variable declarations
DECLARE @ctr int, @len int, @found_at int
--Constant declarations
DECLARE @LOWER_CASE_a int, @LOWER_CASE_z int, @Delimiter char(3), @UPPER_CASE_A int, @UPPER_CASE_Z int
--Variable/Constant initializations
SET @ctr = 1
SET @len = LEN(@input)
SET @output = ''
SET @LOWER_CASE_a = 97
SET @LOWER_CASE_z = 122
SET @Delimiter = ' ,-'
SET @UPPER_CASE_A = 65
SET @UPPER_CASE_Z = 90
WHILE @ctr <= @len
BEGIN
--This loop will take care of reccuring white spaces
WHILE CHARINDEX(SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1), @Delimiter) > 0
BEGIN
SET @output = @output + SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1)
SET @ctr = @ctr + 1
END
IF ASCII(SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1)) BETWEEN @LOWER_CASE_a AND @LOWER_CASE_z
BEGIN
--Converting the first character to upper case
SET @output = @output + UPPER(SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1))
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @output = @output + SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1)
END
SET @ctr = @ctr + 1
WHILE CHARINDEX(SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1), @Delimiter) = 0 AND (@ctr <= @len)
BEGIN
IF ASCII(SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1)) BETWEEN @UPPER_CASE_A AND @UPPER_CASE_Z
BEGIN
SET @output = @output + LOWER(SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1))
END
ELSE
BEGIN
SET @output = @output + SUBSTRING(@input,@ctr,1)
END
SET @ctr = @ctr + 1
END
END
RETURN @output
END
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF
GO
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
CREATE FUNCTION String.InitCap( @string nvarchar(4000) ) RETURNS nvarchar(4000) AS
BEGIN
-- 1. Convert all letters to lower case
DECLARE @InitCap nvarchar(4000); SET @InitCap = Lower(@string);
-- 2. Using a Sequence, replace the letters that should be upper case with their upper case version
SELECT @InitCap = Stuff( @InitCap, n, 1, Upper( SubString( @InitCap, n, 1 ) ) )
FROM (
SELECT (1 + n1.n + n10.n + n100.n + n1000.n) AS n
FROM (SELECT 0 AS n UNION SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3 UNION SELECT 4 UNION SELECT 5 UNION SELECT 6 UNION SELECT 7 UNION SELECT 8 UNION SELECT 9) AS n1
CROSS JOIN (SELECT 0 AS n UNION SELECT 10 UNION SELECT 20 UNION SELECT 30 UNION SELECT 40 UNION SELECT 50 UNION SELECT 60 UNION SELECT 70 UNION SELECT 80 UNION SELECT 90) AS n10
CROSS JOIN (SELECT 0 AS n UNION SELECT 100 UNION SELECT 200 UNION SELECT 300 UNION SELECT 400 UNION SELECT 500 UNION SELECT 600 UNION SELECT 700 UNION SELECT 800 UNION SELECT 900) AS n100
CROSS JOIN (SELECT 0 AS n UNION SELECT 1000 UNION SELECT 2000 UNION SELECT 3000) AS n1000
) AS Sequence
WHERE
n BETWEEN 1 AND Len( @InitCap )
AND SubString( @InitCap, n, 1 ) LIKE '[a-z]' /* this character is a letter */
AND (
n = 1 /* this character is the first `character` */
OR SubString( @InitCap, n-1, 1 ) LIKE '[^a-z]' /* the previous character is NOT a letter */
)
AND (
n < 3 /* only test the 3rd or greater characters for this exception */
OR SubString( @InitCap, n-2, 3 ) NOT LIKE '[a-z]''[a-z]' /* exception: The pattern <letter>'<letter> should not capatolize the letter following the apostrophy */
)
-- 3. Return the modified version of the input
RETURN @InitCap
END
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnConvert_TitleCase] (@InputString VARCHAR(4000) )
RETURNS VARCHAR(4000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Index INT
DECLARE @Char CHAR(1)
DECLARE @OutputString VARCHAR(255)
SET @OutputString = LOWER(@InputString)
SET @Index = 2
SET @OutputString = STUFF(@OutputString, 1, 1,UPPER(SUBSTRING(@InputString,1,1)))
WHILE @Index <= LEN(@InputString)
BEGIN
SET @Char = SUBSTRING(@InputString, @Index, 1)
IF @Char IN (' ', ';', ':', '!', '?', ',', '.', '_', '-', '/', '&','''','(')
IF @Index + 1 <= LEN(@InputString)
BEGIN
IF @Char != ''''
OR
UPPER(SUBSTRING(@InputString, @Index + 1, 1)) != 'S'
SET @OutputString =
STUFF(@OutputString, @Index + 1, 1,UPPER(SUBSTRING(@InputString, @Index + 1, 1)))
END
SET @Index = @Index + 1
END
RETURN ISNULL(@OutputString,'')
END
测试电话:
select dbo.fnConvert_TitleCase(Upper('ÄÄ ÖÖ ÜÜ ÉÉ ØØ ĈĈ ÆÆ')) as test
select dbo.fnConvert_TitleCase(upper('Whatever the mind of man can conceive and believe, it can achieve. – Napoleon hill')) as test
I am a little late in the game, but I believe this is more functional and it works with any language, including Russian, German, Thai, Vietnamese etc.
它会在’或-或. 或(或)或空格(显然:)之后使用大写字母。
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnToProperCase]( @name nvarchar(500) )
RETURNS nvarchar(500)
AS
BEGIN
declare @pos int = 1
, @pos2 int
if (@name <> '')--or @name = lower(@name) collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AS or @name = upper(@name) collate SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CS_AS)
begin
set @name = lower(rtrim(@name))
while (1 = 1)
begin
set @name = stuff(@name, @pos, 1, upper(substring(@name, @pos, 1)))
set @pos2 = patindex('%[- ''.)(]%', substring(@name, @pos, 500))
set @pos += @pos2
if (isnull(@pos2, 0) = 0 or @pos > len(@name))
break
end
end
return @name
END
GO
SELECT StateName = 'North Carolina'
INTO #States
UNION ALL
SELECT 'Texas'
;WITH cteData AS
(
SELECT
UPPER(LEFT(value, 1)) +
LOWER(RIGHT(value, LEN(value) - 1)) value, op.StateName
FROM #States op
CROSS APPLY STRING_SPLIT(op.StateName, ' ') AS ss
)
SELECT
STRING_AGG(value, ' ')
FROM cteData c
GROUP BY StateName
对@Galwegian 的回答稍作修改——将例如 St Elizabeth's变成 St Elizabeth'S。
这种修改将撇号 -s 保持为小写,其中 s 出现在所提供的字符串的末尾,或者 s 后面跟着一个空格(只有在这种情况下)。
create function properCase(@text as varchar(8000))
returns varchar(8000)
as
begin
declare @reset int;
declare @ret varchar(8000);
declare @i int;
declare @c char(1);
declare @d char(1);
if @text is null
return null;
select @reset = 1, @i = 1, @ret = '';
while (@i <= len(@text))
select
@c = substring(@text, @i, 1),
@d = substring(@text, @i+1, 1),
@ret = @ret + case when @reset = 1 or (@reset=-1 and @c!='s') or (@reset=-1 and @c='s' and @d!=' ') then upper(@c) else lower(@c) end,
@reset = case when @c like '[a-za-z]' then 0 when @c='''' then -1 else 1 end,
@i = @i + 1
return @ret
end
CREATE FUNCTION ProperCase(@Text AS NVARCHAR(MAX))
RETURNS NVARCHAR(MAX)
AS BEGIN
DECLARE @return NVARCHAR(MAX)
SELECT @return = COALESCE(@return + ' ', '') + Word FROM (
SELECT CASE
WHEN LOWER(value) = 'llc' THEN UPPER(value)
WHEN LOWER(value) = 'lp' THEN UPPER(value) --Add as many new special cases as needed
ELSE
CASE WHEN LEN(value) = 1
THEN UPPER(value)
ELSE UPPER(LEFT(value, 1)) + (LOWER(RIGHT(value, LEN(value) - 1)))
END
END AS Word
FROM STRING_SPLIT(@Text, ' ')
) tmp
RETURN @return
END
with t as (
select 'GOOFYEAR Tire and Rubber Company' as n
union all
select 'THE HAPPY BEAR' as n
union all
select 'MONK HOUSE SALES' as n
union all
select 'FORUM COMMUNICATIONS' as n
)
select
n,
(
select ' ' + (
upper(left(value, 1))
+ lower(substring(value, 2, 999))
)
from (
select value
from string_split(t.n, ' ')
) as sq
for xml path ('')
) as title_cased
from t
CREATE OR ALTER FUNCTION dbo.ProperCase(@value varchar(MAX)) RETURNS varchar(MAX) AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT STRING_AGG(CASE lv WHEN 0 THEN '' WHEN 1 THEN UPPER(value)
ELSE UPPER(LEFT(value,1)) + LOWER(RIGHT(value,lv-1)) END,' ')
FROM STRING_SPLIT(TRIM(@value),' ') AS ss
CROSS APPLY (SELECT LEN(VALUE) lv) AS reuse
WHERE @value IS NOT NULL)
END
create function [dbo].Pascal (@string varchar(max))
returns varchar(max)
as
begin
declare @Index int
,@ResultString varchar(max)
set @Index = 1
set @ResultString = ''
while (@Index < LEN(@string) + 1)
begin
if (@Index = 1)
begin
set @ResultString += UPPER(SUBSTRING(@string, @Index, 1))
set @Index += 1
end
else if (
(
SUBSTRING(@string, @Index - 1, 1) = ' '
or SUBSTRING(@string, @Index - 1, 1) = '-'
or SUBSTRING(@string, @Index + 1, 1) = '-'
)
and @Index + 1 <> LEN(@string) + 1
)
begin
set @ResultString += UPPER(SUBSTRING(@string, @Index, 1))
set @Index += 1
end
else
begin
set @ResultString += LOWER(SUBSTRING(@string, @Index, 1))
set @Index += 1
end
end
if (@@ERROR <> 0)
begin
set @ResultString = @string
end
return replace(replace(replace(@ResultString, ' ii', ' II'), ' iii', ' III'), ' iv', ' IV')
end
In SQL Server, define the function first as in below, then:
SELECT dbo.InitCap(title) FROM data;
定义 dbo InitCap () :
-- Drop the function if it already exists
IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.InitCap') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION dbo.InitCap;
GO
-- Implementing Oracle INITCAP function
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.InitCap (@inStr VARCHAR(8000))
RETURNS VARCHAR(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @outStr VARCHAR(8000) = LOWER(@inStr),
@char CHAR(1),
@alphanum BIT = 0,
@len INT = LEN(@inStr),
@pos INT = 1;
-- Iterate through all characters in the input string
WHILE @pos <= @len BEGIN
-- Get the next character
SET @char = SUBSTRING(@inStr, @pos, 1);
-- If the position is first, or the previous characater is not alphanumeric
-- convert the current character to upper case
IF @pos = 1 OR @alphanum = 0
SET @outStr = STUFF(@outStr, @pos, 1, UPPER(@char));
SET @pos = @pos + 1;
-- Define if the current character is non-alphanumeric
IF ASCII(@char) <= 47 OR (ASCII(@char) BETWEEN 58 AND 64) OR
(ASCII(@char) BETWEEN 91 AND 96) OR (ASCII(@char) BETWEEN 123 AND 126)
SET @alphanum = 0;
ELSE
SET @alphanum = 1;
END
RETURN @outStr;
END
GO